8 Common Postpartum Changes Explained

Mother with stretch marks on her abdomen from pregnancy with twins, who are laying next to her — Credit:
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Post-pregnancy life is often portrayed as blissful moments at home with your new baby. But as any new parent will tell you: reality is more complex. Sleep deprivation is common, especially in the early days. You are changing dirty diapers 24/7—and feeding baby just a frequently. And many women encounter permanent changes to their skin, hair, and bodies that can be both surprising and challenging. From new hair textures to shifts in skin tone and body shape, these transformations can leave postpartum women with lots of unanswered questions. In this article, we'll consult experts to explore the often-permanent changes that follow the arrival of your baby, while also debunking some common myths that can add to the confusion.

Hair

You may have enjoyed flowing, full locks during your pregnancy thanks to those prenatal vitamins and elevated estrogen, but now that you've given birth, the changes to your hair are noticeable. This can include shedding, thinning, color changes, breakage, or oiliness. Here's a look at the most common hair changes and the reasons behind them.

Thinning and shedding

Postpartum hair thinning and shedding are common experiences for many new mothers, often peaking around three to six months after giving birth. This phenomenon, known as telogen effluvium, is primarily caused by hormone fluctuations after pregnancy.

"During pregnancy, high levels of estrogen and progesterone keep hair in its growth phase, which is why many women enjoy thicker, fuller hair. After birth, both hormones drop, especially progesterone, which can trigger significant hair shedding," says Dr. Andrea Colon, who is also a member of the American Association of Naturopathic Medicine. "I often explain to my patients that this isn’t true hair loss, it’s simply the body catching up to its natural hormone cycle again."

Stress, fatigue, and nutritional deficiencies during this demanding period can also contribute to hair loss. While this can be distressing, it's important to note that postpartum hair shedding is typically temporary, with most women seeing their hair return to its pre-pregnancy state within six to twelve months.

Texture

Some women swear that their hair texture changes after delivery, and they aren't wrong.

"Your hair can grow back with a slightly different curl pattern or texture. Some women who have always had straight hair might notice waves, or someone with curls might find them looser," says Dr. Rachel Miller, a board certified obstetrician-gynecologist.

According to dermatologists, hair texture can also be influenced by changes in the scalp's oil production and overall hydration levels. Additionally, nutritional factors, such as deficiencies in vitamins and minerals essential for hair health, can further impact texture. While these changes can be surprising, they are typically temporary, with many women regaining their previous hair texture over time.

Skin

If you notice a change to your skin post delivery, you are not alone. Approximately 75 percent of women experience some form of texture, pigmentation, or hydration change. Here are a few of the most common changes.

Hyperpigmentation

Postpartum hyperpigmentation is a common skin condition affecting many new mothers, characterized by dark patches or spots on the skin, particularly on the face, known as melasma. This condition is primarily driven by hormonal changes that occur during and after pregnancy, particularly the surge in estrogen and progesterone. These hormones can trigger an overproduction of melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color, leading to uneven pigmentation.

Fortunately, most women find that postpartum hyperpigmentation gradually fades over time, although it can take several months to a year. In the meantime, using sunscreen and consulting with a dermatologist for treatment options can help manage and minimize the appearance of dark patches.

Stretch marks

Stretch marks, or striae, are a common occurrence for many women during and after pregnancy, affecting up to 90 percent of pregnant individuals. These marks develop when the skin is stretched rapidly due to the growing belly and weight gain. The rapid expansion causes the collagen and elastin fibers in the skin to tear, resulting in the characteristic red, purple, or brown streaks that can later fade to a lighter color.

While stretch marks are generally harmless, they can be a source of concern for many women. Although they may not completely disappear, they often become less noticeable over time, transitioning from vivid colors to a lighter shade. Various treatments, such as topical creams, laser therapy, and microdermabrasion, can help improve their appearance, but results can vary.

"Stretch marks are also a territory of myths; topicals can work, but stretch marks never completely disappear," says Dr. Charles M. Carlsen, a board-certified obstetrician-gynecologist.

Varicose veins

Varicose veins are a common issue for many women during and after pregnancy, affecting up to 40 percent of pregnant individuals. These swollen, twisted veins occur due to increased blood volume and pressure in the pelvic area, as well as hormonal changes that cause the vein walls to relax and dilate.

While these veins may appear more pronounced during pregnancy, many women experience a reduction in their severity after childbirth as the body adjusts to its pre-pregnancy state. However, some women may find that varicose veins persist or worsen over time, especially with multiple pregnancies. Treatment options, including compression stockings, lifestyle changes, and—in some cases—medical procedures, can help alleviate symptoms and improve their appearance.

Body

Post partum changes to your body are inevitable, and it's something all women deal with whether it's an increase in shoe size or wider hips.

Weight gain

Weight gain during pregnancy is a natural and necessary part of supporting a developing baby, and it varies based on the individual. This weight gain includes not only the baby but also the placenta, amniotic fluid, increased blood volume, and changes in breast tissue. Specifically, about 7 to 8 pounds are typically attributed to the baby, while the placenta and amniotic fluid contribute around 5 to 6 pounds. Additionally, a woman’s body stores extra fat to support breastfeeding and provide energy during labor and postpartum recovery.

Hormonal changes also play a role, as they can lead to increased appetite and changes in metabolism.

That said, don't expect to lose the weight so quickly, even if you are breastfeeding.

"One myth that I often hear is that if you breastfeed, the extra weight falls off. Breastfeeding does increase the amount of calories burned by the body, but the body's response to breastfeeding is to increase hunger cues, thereby increasing the amount of calories consumed," says Dr. Miller. "Some people may lose a significant amount of weight, while others may not. It isn't always guaranteed."

It's important to remember that every body is different and to give yourself some much needed grace. It's also OK if your body never returns to its pre-pregnancy weight. There is nothing wrong with you if you do not—or cannot—shed the "pregnancy pounds."

Body shape

After giving birth, many women notice that their hips are wider, their waist may appear larger or softer, and their breast size has changed due to milk production. These changes are primarily due to the relaxation of ligaments and muscles, which adapt to support the pregnancy. Additionally, hormonal fluctuations can affect fat distribution, often leading to increased fat storage in areas like the abdomen and thighs.

While some women may return to their pre-pregnancy shape relatively quickly, others may find their bodies have shifted in permanent ways. It's important to remember that these changes are normal and reflect the incredible transformation the body has undergone. Focusing on self-acceptance and embracing the new shape can help foster a positive body image during this transitional phase.

"Another myth is that the body bounces back. For most people, that isn't realistic. The body goes through amazing transformations to create a little human being, so to expect that it will return exactly to what it looked like before pregnancy is setting a very high and, for some, an unrealistic expectation," says Dr. Miller.

Shoe size

Studies suggest that approximately 60 to 70 percent of pregnant women notice a change in their shoe size, with some reporting an increase of half a size to a full size. For many women, these changes can be temporary, with feet returning to their pre-pregnancy size within a few months after childbirth. However, some women may find that their feet remain slightly larger permanently, particularly after multiple pregnancies.

"Shoe size changes after pregnancy are related to structural changes in the foot brought on by elevated levels of progesterone and relaxin produced during pregnancy," says Dr. Michael Wittenberger, a reproductive endocrinologist and fertility specialist. "In combination with an increase in body mass, these hormones, which lead to ligamentous laxity, can cause flattening of the arch, which in turn leads to an increase in length and width of the foot."

Takeaway

Postpartum changes to your body are a natural and deeply personal part of the journey into motherhood. From weight gain and a shifting body shape to skin changes and even variations in shoe size, these transformations are a testament to the incredible strength and adaptability of your body during pregnancy and childbirth. While some changes may fade over time, others may become reminders of the beautiful experience of bringing life into the world. Embracing these changes with compassion and patience is key.

8 Common Postpartum Changes to Skin, Body, Hair, and More