Most importantly, though, he emphasized that the Church of Alexandria has found its specific ministerial need for
subdeacons who are women.
The sources fall into three categories: liturgical texts for the Office of the Circumcision; denunciations, ranging from those of Innocent the III and his legates to the Council of Basel, and the theological faculty of the University of Paris, as well as rebuttals from cathedral and collegiate chapters stoutly defending their feast; and inventories citing paraphernalia for the feast, the rod of office and copes for the
subdeacons, which were already in poor condition when cited in the 1225 inventory at St.
In Book I, Letter IX, (132) Gregory writes to Peter the
Subdeacon.
a) The feast of
subdeacons, which we call "of fools," is celebrated by some at Circumcision, by some at Epiphany or in the octave of Epiphany.
As the Port Talbot visit demonstrated, there's not exactly much by way of innovation - some jokey remarks about the location they're visiting, a kids and parents spot, a mystery guest, involvement for an unsuspecting member of the audience (here a vicar trying not to smile at seeing his
subdeacons dressed up as cherubs) - but Henry, who also gets to do a few of his characters, is obviously in his element and having a lot more fun than he does on the sitcoms.
The elite of the African hierarchy were the African clergy (deacons,
subdeacons and readers) and the teachers employed by the mission.
In the greater churches of northern France at least, this was a day on which the
subdeacons were allowed to have their annual fling and take charge of the services.
Not only bishops, priests, deacons and
subdeacons but also of porters, lectors, exorcists, acolytes, canons, abbots, abbesses.
(12) From a letter of Pope Benedict VII to Benedict, bishop of Porto: "In the same way, we concede and confirm to you and your successors in perpetuity every episcopal ordination (ordinationem episcopalem), not only of presbyters but also of deacons or deaconesses (diaconissis) or
subdeacons" (ibid., p.
As late as the eleventh century the right of a diocesan ordinary to ordain women deacons was confirmed, as in the 1017 letter of Pope Benedict VIII to the bishop of Porto in Portugal, which confirms that diocesan ordinary's privileges: "We concede and confirm to you and to your successors in perpetuity every episcopal ordination (ordinationem episcopalem), not only of presbyters but also of deacons or deaconesses (diaconissis) or
subdeacons." (15)
(57) According to the rubrics, near the end of the paschal matins there was a procession to the solea, (58) which included two of various orders of clergy: deacons,
subdeacons, myrophoroi, and deaconesses.
He claims that Humbert sought to give the excommunication to the
subdeacons of the week, who refused to receive it, so that it fell on the floor before reaching the altar.
(58) Following the deacon's chanting of the epakousta, there was a procession to the bema (59) with two of each clerical order: deacons,
subdeacons, deaconesses, and myrophoroi.
In the second century hierarchy deaconsesses were below deacons yet above
subdeacons. At liturgical celebrations deaconesses would partake of the Eucharist before the congregation but only after the three male orders.
Each translation has significant lacunae, but pieced together the document seems to have covered the following topics: the rites and prayers of ordination for bishops, presbyters, and deacons; regulations on confessors, readers,
subdeacons, widows, virgins and spiritual gifts; then rules for newcomers to the faith and rites of Christian initiation, followed by rules for the distribution (of Communion?), fasting, and gifts for the sick.