Cycads (literally Cycadales) comprise three families (Cycadaceae, Stangeriaceae and Zamiaceae) and consist of a total of 10 accepted genera and 348 accepted species, divided as follows: Bowenia (2), Ceratozamia (30), Cycas (114), Dioon (15),
Encephalartos (65), Lepidozamia (2), Macrozamia (41), Microcycas (1), Stangeria (1), and Zamia (77) (Calonje et al., 2017; Osborne et al., 2012).
Las curvas de estructura poblacional tipo IV que mostraron dos poblaciones de este estudio parecen ser tipicas de poblaciones de cicadas con restricciones bioticas y abioticas para la produccion de semillas; por ejemplo, estructuras similares se reportaron en poblaciones de
Encephalartos villosus Lem.
Somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis in
Encephalartos dyerianus and
Encephalartos natalensis.
Forster, Paul I 1996 'Lepidozamia hopei (Zamiaceae), the world's tallest cycad',
Encephalartos 48:12-15.
Grubb's favorite specimens include Leucadendron 'Safari Sunshine', with its variegated pink, cream, and green leaves; spiny, waxy blue
Encephalartos horridus; and orange-tinged, chartreuse-striped Yucca filamentosa 'Color Guard'.
Nucelle, gametophyte femelle et embryon chez
Encephalartos poggei Asch.
Mast-seeding in the cycad genus
Encephalartos: a test of the predator satiation hypothesis.
Today one aged tree,
Encephalartos horridus, in the U.S.
The Zamiaceae is the largest cycad family, consisting of seven genera: four occur in the Americas (Ceratozamia, Dioon, Microcycas and Zamia), two in Australia (Lepidozamia and Macrozamia), and
Encephalartos is endemic to Africa (Jones, 1993; Whitelock, 2002; Donaldson, 2003).
plurinervia complex (Sharma, Jones, & Forster, 2004), nine
Encephalartos species (Van Der Bank et al., 2001), Cycas seemannii (Keppel, Lee, & Hodgskiss, 2002) and five species of Dioon have been analyzed (Gonzalez-Astorga, Vovides, Ferrer, & Iglesias, 2003; Gonzalez-Astorga, Vovides, Cruz-Angon, Octavio-Aguilar, & Iglesias 2005; Cabrera-Toledo, Gonzalez-Astorga, & Vovides, 2008; Gonzalez-Astorga et al., 2008; Cabrera-Toledo et al., 2010).
Fewer than 50 cases are known Briafrana (Isoetes Biafrana) is only found on Mount Oku, Cameroon, & Bioke isle, the Gulf of Guinea
Encephalartos altensteinii Found along the Eastern Cape, South Africa, where numbers have declined more than 30% in 50 years
Yokoyama, 1978, Seed coat carotenoids of the cycad genera Dioon,
Encephalartos, Macrozamia and Zamia: evolutionary significance.
The oldest plant in the Palm House,
Encephalartos altensteinii, was introduced from South Africa in 1775.
This collection is one of the finest in the world and home to the rarest of cycads, including
Encephalartos woodii, which is now extinct in the wild.
