In this sense, this instrument to measure frustration was designed based on the proposal by Moura (2004) and Moura & Pasquali (2006a; 2006b) of objectification of a
projective test, and on Bjerstedt's (1965) proposal of efficaciously working on different PFT-based forms of administration and correction.
Considering what was presented, it is possible to understand that there is a convergence in literature pertaining to the assertion that individual emotional aspects can influence the perception or interpretation of the world, and such phenomenon can be detected through performance on
projective tests. However, as perception is a psychological activity that happens not only in those tests, we hypothesize that performance on other instruments would also be influenced by personality traits, and such influence can be measured.
Koppitz(1966) used DAP as a developmental and as a
projective test. Her work encouraged other clinicians to begin exploring the potential value of the test for diagnosing schizophrenia.
His second
projective test, which was 14 months after the first one revealed continuing difficulties in identification and anxiety in relation with his mother and with the reality and decrease in responsiveness to emotional stimuli.
Compared with
projective tests, objective tests are more independent of contemporary psychological theory; are relatively brief; are frequently self-administered, require less professional training to administer, score, and interpret; have reproducible and generally acceptable norms for psychiatric and forensic populations; and are more acceptable to the court system.
A man who had long been entrusted with the care of his siblings, could only picture himself in his
projective tests as "a baby smoking [sucking on] a cigarette." (16)
In contrast to objective tests,
projective tests are designed to be ambiguous.
Although the use of
projective tests remains controversial, and evaluations drawn from them must be regarded cautiously, it seems unlikely that more extensive psychological testing would have detected unbalanced mental states in all of the percipients.
The impressionistic school promotes the use of
projective tests, while the psychometric school uses objective tests, that is questionnaires[12].
The orientation of the book can be conveyed by a couple of quotations: 'only factor-analytic tests are worthy of consideration'; '
projective tests were never based on reason'.
*
Projective tests: these tests require candidates to respond to ambiguous stimuli, for example, ink-blots.
Work ethic, a trait highly desired by service outlet hiring managers, is measured in Project Transition with a
projective test. This instrument is based on the tests and scoring schemata of David McClelland's
projective tests of Achievement Motive (1953).
Fairly high interscorer agreement indicates that Hand Test scoring categories are relatively clear and easy to learn which otherwise is a difficult proposition in scoring of
projective tests.
Interviews and further
projective tests uncovered no evidence of depression, an unusual number of fears, powerful hostilities, repressed sexual wishes or childhood trauma.
Projective tests have their origins in psychoanalytic psychology, which assumes that we have attitudes and motivations that are beyond or hidden from conscious awareness.
