🚦 Oracle 19c vs PostgreSQL 15 — The Ultimate Parameter Showdown!
Most cloud or on-prem migrations eventually land at this crossroads: Oracle to Postgres or vice versa. And when they do, you need more than just intuition — you need parameters that match up like long-lost cousins.
I have put together a handy side-by-side checklist comparing 200+ parameters across CPU, Memory, I/O, Connection Management, Autovacuuming (hello, Postgres!), PGA/SGA (hello, Oracle!), WAL vs Redo logs, and a lot more.
Whether you’re:
- Migrating workloads
- uning database performance
- Planning cloud strategies
- Or just geeking out on system parameters… This checklist helps you decode what maps to what — because guessing shared_buffers isn’t the same as db_cache_size!
Quick Links to each category
CPU Parameters
Memory Parameters
Authentication Parameters
IO Parameters
Other Parameters
NOTE : There could be some parameters which needed in a different category , please feel free to post in the comments.
CPU Parameters
| Oracle Parameter (Common in 19c) | PostgreSQL Parameter (Common in 15) | Description |
|---|---|---|
| CPU_COUNT | N/A (PostgreSQL assumes available CPUs; can be limited by OS cgroups) | Oracle: Informs the database about the number of CPUs available; influencing default parallelism and optimizer decisions. |
| PARALLEL_MAX_SERVERS | max_worker_processes | Oracle: Maximum number of parallel execution processes. PostgreSQL: Max number of background worker processes; including those for parallel queries; logical replication; and autovacuum. |
| PARALLEL_MIN_SERVERS | N/A (PostgreSQL workers are spawned on demand) | Oracle: Minimum number of parallel execution processes to keep running. |
| PARALLEL_DEGREE_POLICY | max_parallel_workers | Oracle: Controls automatic degree of parallelism (DOP); parallel statement queuing; and in-memory parallel execution. Values: MANUAL; AUTO; ADAPTIVE. PostgreSQL: Max number of parallel workers that can be active at any time. |
| N/A | max_parallel_workers_per_gather | PostgreSQL: Max number of parallel workers that can be started by a single Gather node in a query plan. |
| PARALLEL_THREADS_PER_CPU | N/A (PostgreSQL handles threading internally) | Oracle: Describes the number of parallel execution processes or threads that a CPU can handle. |
| PARALLEL_DEGREE_LIMIT | min_parallel_table_scan_size | Oracle: Controls the maximum DOP a statement can have when automatic DOP is in use. PostgreSQL: Threshold for when parallel table scans are considered by the optimizer. |
| N/A | min_parallel_index_scan_size | PostgreSQL: Threshold for when parallel index scans are considered by the optimizer. |
| PARALLEL_FORCE_LOCAL | N/A | Oracle: Restricts parallel execution to the current Oracle RAC instance. |
| PARALLEL_MIN_PERCENT | N/A | Oracle: Specifies the minimum percentage of requested parallel execution processes required for parallel execution. |
| PARALLEL_ADAPTIVE_MULTI_USER (deprecated) | N/A | Oracle: Used to throttle DOP requests to prevent system overload. Replaced by parallel statement queuing and PARALLEL_DEGREE_POLICY = AUTO. |
| CPU_PER_CALL (via Resource Manager) | N/A (OS-level cgroups/resource groups) | Oracle: Limits CPU usage per call. |
| CPU_PER_SESSION (via Resource Manager) | N/A | Oracle: Limits CPU usage per session. |
| ACTIVE_SESS_POOL_P1 (via Resource Manager) | N/A | Oracle: Limits the number of active sessions in a consumer group. |
| CPU_COSTING (internal; influenced by OPTIMIZER_MODE) | cpu_tuple_cost | Oracle: Optimizer uses CPU costs for plan generation. PostgreSQL: Query planner cost for processing a tuple. |
| N/A | cpu_index_tuple_cost | PostgreSQL: Query planner cost for processing an index tuple. |
| N/A | cpu_operator_cost | PostgreSQL: Query planner cost for executing an operator. |
Memory Parameters
| Oracle Parameter (Common in 19c) | PostgreSQL Parameter (Common in 15) | Description |
|---|---|---|
| MEMORY_TARGET | N/A (Indirectly controlled by shared_buffers; max_connections; work_mem; etc.) | Oracle: Sets the total memory available for the instance (SGA + PGA). Oracle automatically distributes memory between SGA and PGA. PostgreSQL: No single parameter. Total memory usage is the sum of shared_buffers; wal_buffers; and (max_connections * work_mem) plus other process-specific memory. |
| MEMORY_MAX_TARGET | N/A | Oracle: Sets the maximum limit to which MEMORY_TARGET can be increased without an instance restart. |
| SGA_TARGET | shared_buffers | Oracle: Target size for the SGA. Oracle automatically tunes DB_CACHE_SIZE; SHARED_POOL_SIZE; LARGE_POOL_SIZE; JAVA_POOL_SIZE; STREAMS_POOL_SIZE within this target. PostgreSQL: shared_buffers is the main shared memory area for caching data pages. Analogous to Oracle's DB_CACHE_SIZE. |
| DB_CACHE_SIZE | (Part of shared_buffers) | Oracle: Size of the database block buffer cache within SGA. Used for caching data blocks. |
| SHARED_POOL_SIZE | max_prepared_transactions | Oracle: Used for library cache (parsed SQL; PL/SQL); dictionary cache; and control structures. |
| max_locks_per_transaction | PostgreSQL: Controls server-side memory for various objects (e.g.; prepared transactions; locks). | |
| max_wal_senders | PostgreSQL: Controls server-side memory for various objects (e.g.; WAL senders). | |
| LARGE_POOL_SIZE | N/A (depends on specific feature usage) | Oracle: Used for large allocations like RMAN I/O buffers; parallel execution message buffers; XA transactions; and session memory for shared server processes. |
| JAVA_POOL_SIZE | N/A | Oracle: Used for Java objects in the JVM and session memory for Java. |
| STREAMS_POOL_SIZE | N/A | Oracle: Used for Oracle Streams and GoldenGate. |
| LOG_BUFFER | wal_buffers | Oracle: Size of the redo log buffer. PostgreSQL: Size of the Write-Ahead Log (WAL) buffer. Both buffer transaction changes before writing to disk. |
| PGA_AGGREGATE_TARGET | work_mem | Oracle: Target aggregate size for all PGAs across all server processes. Oracle automatically tunes individual work areas (sort; hash-join; bitmap merge; etc.). PostgreSQL: work_mem is the maximum amount of memory to be used by a query operation (sort; hash table) before writing to temporary disk files. This is per operation; not per session. |
| WORKAREA_SIZE_POLICY | N/A (part of work_mem's behavior) | Oracle: Set to AUTO to enable automatic PGA management. |
| SORT_AREA_SIZE (deprecated in AUTO PGA mode) | work_mem | Oracle: Max memory for sorts (manual PGA management). PostgreSQL: Sorts use work_mem. |
| HASH_AREA_SIZE (deprecated in AUTO PGA mode) | work_mem | Oracle: Hash joins use work_mem. |
| TEMP_SPACE_SIZE (indirectly managed by temporary tablespaces) | temp_buffers | Oracle: Temporary segments are allocated within temporary tablespaces. TEMP_SPACE_SIZE is not a direct parameter to configure a pool; but rather indicates usage. PostgreSQL: temp_buffers specifies the max memory used for temporary buffers per session. |
| N/A | temp_file_limit | PostgreSQL: Sets the maximum total size of temporary files used by any one session. |
| N/A | maintenance_work_mem | PostgreSQL: Max memory used for maintenance operations like VACUUM; CREATE INDEX; ALTER TABLE ADD FOREIGN KEY. This is used by autovacuum workers and for manual maintenance. |
| N/A (Oracle's JIT for JVM is internal) | jit_provider | PostgreSQL: Controls behavior and memory for JIT compilation. |
| N/A | jit_above_cost | PostgreSQL: Cost threshold for JIT compilation. |
| N/A | jit_optimize_distinct_aggs | PostgreSQL: Enables JIT optimization for distinct aggregates. |
| N/A | jit_expressions | PostgreSQL: Enables JIT compilation for expressions. |
| N/A | jit_inline_above_cost | PostgreSQL: Inline cost threshold for JIT. |
| N/A | jit_mem_bytes | PostgreSQL: Maximum memory allocated for JIT compilation. |
| N/A | jit_tuple_deforming | PostgreSQL: Enables JIT tuple deforming. |
Authentication Parameters
| Oracle Parameter (Common in 19c) | PostgreSQL Parameter (Common in 15) | Description |
|---|---|---|
| SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES | pg_hba.conf (Host-Based Authentication) | Oracle: Configures authentication methods (OS; Kerberos; RADIUS; etc.). PostgreSQL: Configuration file that controls client authentication. |
| REMOTE_OS_AUTHENT | password_encryption | Oracle: Enables/disables remote OS authentication. PostgreSQL: Determines how passwords are encrypted for new users. |
| N/A | gss_authentication | PostgreSQL: Enables GSSAPI authentication. |
| N/A | krb_srvname | PostgreSQL: Kerberos service principal name. |
| N/A | scram_iterations | PostgreSQL: Number of iterations for SCRAM password hashing. |
| N/A | md5_salt_length | PostgreSQL: Length of salt used for MD5 password hashing. |
| N/A | data_directory_mode | PostgreSQL: Permissions of the data_directory. |
| SQLNET.ENCRYPTION_CLIENT | ssl | Oracle: Enables network encryption for client connections. PostgreSQL: Enables SSL connections. |
| SQLNET.ENCRYPTION_TYPES_CLIENT | ssl_cert_file | Oracle: Specifies encryption algorithms. PostgreSQL: Path to SSL certificate file. |
| SSL_VERSION | ssl_key_file | Oracle: Specifies SSL/TLS version. PostgreSQL: Path to SSL private key file. |
| SSL_CIPHER_SUITES | ssl_ca_file | Oracle: Specifies SSL cipher suites. PostgreSQL: Path to SSL certificate authority (CA) file. |
| N/A | ssl_ciphers | PostgreSQL: Specifies the list of allowed SSL ciphers. |
| N/A | ssl_prefer_server_ciphers | PostgreSQL: Server prefers its cipher order over client's. |
| N/A | ssl_crl_file | PostgreSQL: Path to SSL Certificate Revocation List (CRL) file. |
| N/A | ssl_dh_params_file | PostgreSQL: Path to Diffie-Hellman parameters file. |
| N/A | ssl_ecdh_curve | PostgreSQL: Specifies the curve to use for ECDH. |
| ENCRYPTION_WALLET_LOCATION (for TDE) | N/A (Relies on OS/filesystem encryption or external tools) | Oracle: Manages the location of the wallet for TDE; encrypting data at rest. PostgreSQL: Doesn't have native TDE. Encryption at rest is typically handled by the underlying operating system; filesystem; or disk encryption. |
| AUDIT_TRAIL | logging_collector | Oracle: Controls auditing behavior. PostgreSQL: Enables the logging collector. |
| AUDIT_SYS_OPERATIONS | log_destination | Oracle: Audits privileged operations. PostgreSQL: Where log output is sent (e.g.; stderr; csvlog). |
| AUDIT_FILE_DEST | log_filename | Oracle: Directory for audit trail files. PostgreSQL: File name pattern for log files. |
| UNIFIED_AUDIT_SGA_SIZE | log_rotation_age | Oracle: Size of SGA for unified audit trail. PostgreSQL: Time-based log file rotation. |
| _AUDIT_DDL_ENABLE (internal) | log_rotation_size | Oracle: Enables DDL auditing. PostgreSQL: Size-based log file rotation. |
| N/A | log_min_duration_statement | PostgreSQL: Logs statements that run longer than this duration. |
| N/A | log_connections | PostgreSQL: Logs connection attempts. |
| N/A | log_disconnections | PostgreSQL: Logs disconnections. |
| N/A | log_lock_waits | PostgreSQL: Logs long lock waits. |
| N/A | log_temp_files | PostgreSQL: Logs use of temporary files. |
| PASSWORD_VERIFY_FUNCTION (via profiles) | N/A (PostgreSQL handles password expiration and attempts via external tools or custom functions; not core parameters) | Oracle: PL/SQL function for password complexity. |
| PASSWORD_GRACE_TIME (via profiles) | N/A | Oracle: Grace period before password expiry. |
| FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS (via profiles) | N/A | Oracle: Number of failed login attempts before account lockout. |
| PASSWORD_REUSE_TIME (via profiles) | N/A | Oracle: Time before password can be reused. |
| PASSWORD_REUSE_MAX (via profiles) | N/A | Oracle: Max number of password changes before password can be reused. |
| VPD (Virtual Private Database) | row_security (table level) | Oracle: Fine-grained access control based on context. PostgreSQL: Enables/disables RLS for a specific table. |
| Label Security | CREATE POLICY (policy level) | Oracle: Security based on data labels. PostgreSQL: Defines rules for row-level access. |
| OS_AUTHENT_PREFIX | allow_system_table_mods | Oracle: Prefix for OS authenticated users. PostgreSQL: Should be off to prevent direct modification of catalog tables. |
| SPFILE (binary; managed by DB) | OS file permissions for postgresql.conf | Oracle: Binary parameter file; internally managed and protected. PostgreSQL: Text configuration file; relies on OS permissions. |
| N/A | OS file permissions for pg_hba.conf | PostgreSQL: Text authentication configuration file; relies on OS permissions. |
| N/A | OS file permissions for pg_ident.conf | PostgreSQL: Text identity mapping configuration file; relies on OS permissions. |
| Oracle Parameter (Common in 19c) | PostgreSQL Parameter (Common in 15) | Description |
| LISTENER.ORA (PORT) | listen_addresses | Oracle: Configures the Oracle Listener port. PostgreSQL: Specifies the TCP/IP addresses on which the server is to listen. |
| LISTENER.ORA (HOST) | port | Oracle: Configures the Oracle Listener host. PostgreSQL: The TCP port number the server listens on. |
| LISTENER.ORA (INBOUND_CONNECT_TIMEOUT) | N/A | Oracle: Timeout for connections to the listener. |
| LISTENER.ORA (DEFAULT_SERVICE) | N/A | Oracle: Default service for the listener. |
| PROCESSES | max_connections | Oracle: Maximum number of OS user processes that can connect. PostgreSQL: Maximum number of concurrent client connections. |
| SESSIONS | superuser_reserved_connections | Oracle: Maximum number of user sessions. PostgreSQL: Number of connections reserved for superusers; preventing lockout. |
| SQLNET.ORA (DEFAULT_SDU_SIZE) | tcp_keepalives_idle | Oracle: Session Data Unit size. PostgreSQL: Time before sending keepalive probes. |
| SQLNET.ORA (RECV_BUF_SIZE) | tcp_keepalives_interval | Oracle: Receive buffer size. PostgreSQL: Time between keepalive probes. |
| SQLNET.ORA (SEND_BUF_SIZE) | tcp_keepalives_count | Oracle: Send buffer size. PostgreSQL: Number of failed keepalive probes before connection is dropped. |
| SQLNET.ORA (DISABLE_OOB) | N/A | Oracle: Disables out-of-band breaks. |
| SQLNET.ORA (NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH) | N/A | Oracle: Specifies name resolution methods. |
| SQLNET.ORA (SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_CLIENT) | N/A | Oracle: Controls minimum allowed client logon version. |
| SQLNET.ORA (SQLNET.COMPRESSION) | N/A | Oracle: Enables/disables network compression. |
| LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG (for Data Guard) | max_wal_senders | Oracle: Configures Data Guard archiving. PostgreSQL: Maximum number of concurrent WAL sender processes. |
| STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT (for Data Guard) | wal_keep_segments | Oracle: Manages datafiles on standby. PostgreSQL: Number of past WAL file segments to retain in the pg_wal directory. |
| N/A | hot_standby | PostgreSQL: Enables connections to the standby server during recovery. |
| N/A | hot_standby_feedback | "PostgreSQL: Enables feedback from hot standby to primary to prevent ""snapshot too old"" errors." |
| N/A | primary_conninfo | PostgreSQL: Connection string for the primary server from the standby. |
| N/A | restore_command | PostgreSQL: Shell command for retrieving archived WAL files during recovery. |
| N/A | recovery_target_timeline | PostgreSQL: Specifies the timeline to recover to. |
| N/A | synchronous_standby_names | PostgreSQL: Specifies which standbys must confirm WAL receipt for synchronous commit. |
| N/A (Oracle primarily uses TCP/IP for local connections) | unix_socket_directories | PostgreSQL: Directories for Unix domain sockets. |
| N/A | unix_socket_group | PostgreSQL: Group ownership for Unix domain sockets. |
| N/A | unix_socket_permissions | PostgreSQL: Permissions for Unix domain sockets. |
IO Parameters
| Category [IO] | Oracle Parameter (Common in 19c) | PostgreSQL Parameter (Common in 15) | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Asynchronous I/O & Direct I/O | DISK_ASYNCH_IO | effective_io_concurrency | Oracle: Enables/disables asynchronous I/O for datafiles. PostgreSQL: Informs the optimizer about the number of concurrent disk I/O operations that can be executed. While not a direct on/off switch for async I/O; it influences how many I/O operations the planner assumes can be performed in parallel. PostgreSQL uses posix_fadvise() and O_DIRECT implicitly where available and beneficial. |
| Asynchronous I/O & Direct I/O | FILESYSTEMIO_OPTIONS | N/A | Oracle: Controls I/O options for filesystem files; e.g.; SETALL (direct I/O; async I/O) or DIRECTIO (direct I/O only). |
| Multi-Block Reads | DB_FILE_MULTIBLOCK_READ_COUNT | (Indirectly influenced by effective_io_concurrency) | Oracle: Number of blocks read in a single I/O operation during full table scans. |
| I/O Processes/Workers | DB_WRITER_PROCESSES | bgwriter_delay | Oracle: Number of database writer processes (DBWn) that write modified data blocks from buffer cache to data files. PostgreSQL: Delay between runs of the background writer. |
| I/O Processes/Workers | N/A | bgwriter_lru_maxpages | PostgreSQL: Max number of dirty pages to write per bgwriter run. |
| I/O Processes/Workers | N/A | bgwriter_lru_multiplier | PostgreSQL: Multiplier for bgwriter_lru_maxpages. |
| I/O Processes/Workers | N/A | wal_writer_delay | PostgreSQL: Delay between flushes of the WAL buffers to disk. |
| I/O Processes/Workers | N/A | max_parallel_io_workers (PostgreSQL 16+) | PostgreSQL: Maximum number of background workers that can be used for parallel I/O. |
| Optimizer I/O Costing | IO_CALIBRATION_ENABLED | random_page_cost | Oracle: Allows the database to calibrate I/O performance to improve optimizer decisions. PostgreSQL: Cost estimate for a non-sequentially accessed disk page. |
| Optimizer I/O Costing | IO_MEGABYTES_PER_SEC | seq_page_cost | Oracle: I/O calibration parameter. PostgreSQL: Cost estimate for a sequentially accessed disk page. |
| Optimizer I/O Costing | MAX_IOPS | N/A | Oracle: I/O calibration parameter. |
| Temporary File Limits | (Controlled by temporary tablespace size) | temp_file_limit | Oracle: Temporary segments are managed within temporary tablespaces. PostgreSQL: Maximum amount of disk space a session can use for temporary files. |
| Redo/WAL Sync | COMMIT_LOG_BUFFER (internal; controlled by LOG_BUFFER) | synchronous_commit | Oracle: How redo entries are written to disk during commit. PostgreSQL: Controls whether transaction commits wait for WAL to be flushed to disk (on; off; local; remote_write;remote_apply` ). Critical for durability. |
Other Parameters
| Category [Others] | Oracle Parameter (Common in 19c) | PostgreSQL Parameter (Common in 15) | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Query Optimizer | OPTIMIZER_MODE | default_statistics_target | Oracle: Controls optimizer behavior (e.g.; ALL_ROWS; FIRST_ROWS). PostgreSQL: Controls the level of detail collected by ANALYZE. |
| Query Optimizer | OPTIMIZER_FEATURES_ENABLE | geqo | Oracle: Enables/disables optimizer features for specific database versions. PostgreSQL: Enables Genetic Query Optimization for complex joins. |
| Query Optimizer | OPTIMIZER_DYNAMIC_SAMPLING | geqo_threshold | Oracle: Controls dynamic sampling for statistics gathering. PostgreSQL: Number of tables in a join before GEQO is considered. |
| Query Optimizer | STAR_TRANSFORMATION_ENABLED | geqo_effort | Oracle: Enables/disables star transformation for star schemas. PostgreSQL: Effort level for GEQO. |
| Query Optimizer | QUERY_REWRITE_ENABLED | from_collapse_limit | Oracle: Enables/disables query rewrite for materialized views. PostgreSQL: Number of FROM-list items that can be collapsed into a single JOIN expression. |
| Query Optimizer | STATISTICS_LEVEL | join_collapse_limit | Oracle: Controls the level of statistics collected (e.g.; BASIC; TYPICAL; ALL). PostgreSQL: Number of FROM-list items that can be collapsed into a single JOIN expression for join reordering. |
| Query Optimizer | DB_CACHE_ADVICE | enable_seqscan | Oracle: Enables/disables buffer cache advisory statistics. PostgreSQL: Allows/disallows sequential scans. |
| Query Optimizer | N/A | enable_indexscan | PostgreSQL: Allows/disallows index scans. |
| Query Optimizer | N/A | enable_bitmapscan | PostgreSQL: Allows/disallows bitmap scans. |
| Query Optimizer | N/A | enable_hashjoin | PostgreSQL: Allows/disallows hash joins. |
| Query Optimizer | N/A | enable_mergejoin | PostgreSQL: Allows/disallows merge joins. |
| Query Optimizer | N/A | constraint_exclusion | PostgreSQL: Enables/disables constraint exclusion for partitioning. |
| Query Optimizer | N/A | plan_cache_mode | PostgreSQL: Controls how prepared statements' plans are cached. |
| Query Optimizer | N/A | search_path | PostgreSQL: Specifies the order in which schemas are searched for unqualified object names. |
| Session & Transaction Management | OPEN_CURSORS | max_locks_per_transaction | Oracle: Maximum number of open cursors per session. PostgreSQL: Maximum number of locks per transaction. |
| Session & Transaction Management | CURSOR_SHARING | idle_in_transaction_session_timeout | Oracle: Controls how SQL statements are shared in the shared pool. PostgreSQL: Disconnects sessions that have been idle in a transaction for longer than this duration. |
| Session & Transaction Management | TRANSACTIONS | statement_timeout | Oracle: Maximum number of concurrent transactions. PostgreSQL: Aborts any statement that runs longer than this duration. |
| Session & Transaction Management | N/A | lock_timeout | PostgreSQL: Aborts any statement that waits longer than this duration for a lock. |
| Session & Transaction Management | N/A | log_lock_waits | PostgreSQL: Logs when a session waits for a lock longer than log_min_duration_statement. |
| Background Processes / Workers | BACKGROUND_DUMP_DEST | max_worker_processes | Oracle: Directory for background process trace files. PostgreSQL: Overall maximum number of background worker processes. |
| Background Processes / Workers | CORE_DUMP_DEST | max_parallel_workers | Oracle: Directory for core dump files. PostgreSQL: Maximum number of parallel workers. |
| Background Processes / Workers | USER_DUMP_DEST | max_parallel_maintenance_workers | Oracle: Directory for user process trace files. PostgreSQL: Maximum number of parallel workers for maintenance operations. |
| Background Processes / Workers | DIAGNOSTIC_DEST | max_logical_replication_workers | Oracle: Base directory for all diagnostic files (ADR Home). PostgreSQL: Maximum number of logical replication worker processes. |
| N/A | max_background_workers | PostgreSQL: Generic background worker processes. | |
| Error Logging & Diagnostics | LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST (also for errors) | log_destination | Oracle: Archiver log destinations. PostgreSQL: Where log output is sent. |
| Error Logging & Diagnostics | LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT (also for errors) | logging_collector | Oracle: Format of archived logs. PostgreSQL: Enables the logging collector process. |
| Error Logging & Diagnostics | AUDIT_FILE_DEST | log_directory | Oracle: Directory for audit files. PostgreSQL: Directory for log files. |
| Error Logging & Diagnostics | N/A | log_filename | PostgreSQL: File name pattern for log files. |
| Error Logging & Diagnostics | N/A | log_file_mode | PostgreSQL: Permissions for log files. |
| Error Logging & Diagnostics | N/A | log_rotation_age | PostgreSQL: Time-based log file rotation. |
| Error Logging & Diagnostics | N/A | log_rotation_size | PostgreSQL: Size-based log file rotation. |
| Error Logging & Diagnostics | N/A | log_timezone | PostgreSQL: Timezone for log timestamps. |
| Error Logging & Diagnostics | N/A | client_min_messages | PostgreSQL: Minimum message level for clients. |
| Error Logging & Diagnostics | N/A | log_error_verbosity | PostgreSQL: Verbosity of logged error messages. |
| Timeouts | INBOUND_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_listener_name | connect_timeout (client-side; not server) | Oracle: Timeout for connections to the listener. PostgreSQL: Not a server parameter; typically handled by client drivers. |
| Timeouts | SQLNET.EXPIRE_TIME | statement_timeout | Oracle: Dead connection detection. PostgreSQL: Aborts long-running statements. |
| Timeouts | N/A | lock_timeout | PostgreSQL: Aborts statements waiting for locks. |
| Timeouts | N/A | idle_in_transaction_session_timeout | PostgreSQL: Disconnects idle-in-transaction sessions. |
| Character Sets | NLS_CHARACTERSET | client_encoding | Oracle: Database character set for CHAR/VARCHAR2. PostgreSQL: Character set for client connections. |
| Character Sets | NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET | server_encoding (set at database creation) | Oracle: National character set for NCHAR/NVARCHAR2. PostgreSQL: Character set of the database cluster (set at initdb). |
| Character Sets | NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS | N/A | Oracle: Specifies how VARCHAR2 length is interpreted (byte or character). |
| System Statistics Collection | STATISTICS_LEVEL | track_activities | Oracle: Controls the level of statistics collection (e.g.; for AWR). PostgreSQL: Enables/disables tracking of current commands for pg_stat_activity. |
| System Statistics Collection | TIMED_STATISTICS | track_counts | Oracle: Enables/disables collection of timed statistics. PostgreSQL: Enables/disables collection of tuple-level statistics (inserts; updates; deletes; scans). |
| System Statistics Collection | N/A | track_io_timing | PostgreSQL: Enables/disables tracking of I/O timing statistics. |
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