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Basic

Introduction to C

What is C?

Career in C Programming

Advantages of C

Install C

Best C Compilers

clock() in C

Data Types in C

Type Conversion in C

Variables in C

Assert in C

C Keywords

C Commands

Command Line Arguments in C

C Literals

Constants in C

Format Specifiers in C

Bitwise Operators in C

Local Variable in C

sprintf in C

Unsigned Int in C

Counting Sort in C

Merge Sort in C

Sparse Matrix in C

Insertion Sort in C

Radix sort in C program

String in C

Pointers

Pointers in C

Null pointer in C

Function Pointer in C

Double Pointer in C

Void Pointer in C

Const Pointer in C

Dangling Pointers in C

Pointer Arithmetic in C

Operators

C Operators

Arithmetic Operators in C

Relational Operators in C

Assignment Operators in C

Logical Operators in C

Conditional Operator in C

Modulus Operator in C

Ternary Operator in C

Address Operator in C

Unary Operator in C

Operators Precedence in C

Left Shift Operator in C

Control Statement

Control Statements in C

If Statement in C

If-else Statement in C

Else if Statement in C

Nested if Statement in C

#else in C

#Define in C

#Error in C

#Ifdef in C

Structure Padding in C

Nested Structure in C

Continue Statement in C

Break Statement in C

Switch Statement in C

Goto Statement in C

Loops

Loops in C

For Loop in C

While Loop in C

Do While Loop in C

Nested Loop in C

Infinite Loop in C 

Function

C String Functions

Math Functions in C

Hashing Function in C

Hash Table in C

Recursive Function in C

Power Function in C

fputs in C

C puts() Function

fprintf() in C

fseek() in C

Stderr in C

ASCII Value in C

strcat() in C

Inline Function in C

sizeof() in C

Function Prototype in C

C ftell()

Array

Arrays in C Programming

2-D Arrays in C

3D Arrays in C

Multidimensional Array in C

Array Functions in C

Strings Array in C

Sorting

Sorting in C

Heap Sort in C

Bubble Sort in C

Selection sort in C

Shell sort C

Advanced

Bisection Method in C

snprintf in C

Constructor in C

Encapsulation in C

2s Complement in C

C Storage Classes

Static Keyword in C

File Handling in C

Queue in C

Circular Queue in C

Hexadecimal in C 

typedef in C

Memory Allocation in C

Linked List in C

Doubly linked list in C

Volatile in C

Tokens in C

Expression in C

Regular Expression in C

Error Handling in C

Types of Errors in C

Programming Errors in C

Preprocessor in C

Preprocessor Directives in C

C Union

fscanf() in C

#Pragma in C

#ifndef in C

#undef in C

#include in C

Macros in C

What is Embedded C?

Binary Search in C

Circular Doubly Linked List in C

Circular Linked Lists in C

BFS algorithm in C

DFS Algorithm in C

Fundamentals of Data Structure in C

Linear Search in C

C programs

Patterns in C Programming

Star Patterns in C

Number Patterns in C

Swapping in C

Armstrong Number in C

Reverse Number in C

Palindrome in C Program

Factorial in C

Fibonacci Series in C

Square Root in C

Random Number Generator in C

Prime Numbers in C

Escape Sequence in C

Reverse String in C

Leap Year Program in C

Perfect Number in C

Anagram Program in C

Strong Number in C

ATM Program in C

Binary Tree Program in C

String Concatenation in C

C Programming Matrix Multiplication

Decimal to Octal in C

Expression Evaluation in C

Decimal to Hexadecimal in C

Bucket Sort in C

C Programming Language Tutorial

C is a widely used procedural and general-purpose programming language for system programming. Dennis Ritchie initially developed C between 1972 and 1973 at Bell Labs. American National Standard Institute (ANSI) later formalized this programming language in 1988. The initial purpose of developing the C programming language was to make utilities of the UNIX-based operating system. Many other computer programming languages have directly or indirectly taken/borrowed features from the C programming language. Program written in C can be very efficiently mapped to machine instructions, making C programming very popular for any embedded software application development that runs on a microcontroller.

Why do we need to Learn C?

  • C is the most widely and commonly used programming language to develop different operating systems. Popular operating systems like UNIX and LINUX are written in C.
  • C program allows programs to maintain portable and compact code while maintaining performance and minimizing CPU constraints like memory, execution time, etc.
  • C programming language allows programmers to control memory allocation and reallocation, which will be very helpful while working with software development for small embedded systems.
  • C is a middle-level language and very fast in execution compared to other programming languages.
  • Different algorithms and data structures can be implemented using the C language very efficiently, which can be used in many software applications.
  • Due to the portability feature of the C programming language, the C program written for one computer platform can easily be run on different other platforms with very little modification in code.
  • Various compilers used for other programming languages can be very efficiently designed and developed using the C programming language.

Applications of C

  • To develop and design system software like compilers for other programming languages.
  • To develop different operating systems for embedded devices and kernels.
  • To develop graphics-related software like gaming applications.
  • To design and develop network device software.
  • To develop a software system where memory and execution time are constrained like microcontrollers software, mainly used for small embedded systems.
  • Used for systems that require direct access/modification of data from memory.

Example (One short example)

To understand the C programming language, look at the below sample example code, where two age variables are taken as input and compared for age comparison.

Code:

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int age1 = 100;
int age2 = 80;
if (age1 > age2)
{
printf("age1 is greater than age 2");
}
else
{
printf("age2 is greater than age 1");
}
return 0;
}

Output:

C Tutorial

Pre-requisites

It would help to understand computer programming language methodologies like variables, conditions, looping, constants, operators, etc. Knowledge of any other programming language is an added advantage to learning this tutorial.

Target Audience

This tutorial is designed for software programmers who wish to understand the C programming language and apply C programming in their projects.