Boston city, Massachusetts
United States
Population estimates, July 1, 2025, (V2025) 672,973 341,784,857
People
Population
Population estimates, July 1, 2025, (V2025) 672,973 341,784,857
Population estimates, July 1, 2024, (V2024) 673,458 340,110,988
Population estimates base, April 1, 2020, (V2025) 678,617 331,516,113
Population estimates base, April 1, 2020, (V2024) 678,622 331,515,736
Population, percent change - April 1, 2020 (estimates base) to July 1, 2025, (V2025) -0.8% 3.1%
Population, percent change - April 1, 2020 (estimates base) to July 1, 2024, (V2024) -0.8% 2.6%
Population, Census, April 1, 2020 675,647 331,449,281
Population, Census, April 1, 2010 617,594 308,745,538
Age and Sex
Persons under 5 years, percent 4.6% 5.5%
Persons under 18 years, percent 15.1% 21.5%
Persons 65 years and over, percent 13.0% 18.0%
Female persons, percent 52.0% 50.5%
Race and Hispanic Origin
White alone, percent 46.3% 74.8%
Black alone, percent(a) 20.5% 13.7%
American Indian and Alaska Native alone, percent(a) 0.3% 1.4%
Asian alone, percent(a) 10.4% 6.7%
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, percent(a) 0.1% 0.3%
Two or More Races, percent 15.3% 3.1%
Hispanic or Latino, percent(b) 19.3% 20.0%
White alone, not Hispanic or Latino, percent 44.1% 57.5%
Population Characteristics
Veterans, 2020-2024 11,833 16,185,883
Foreign-born persons, percent, 2020-2024 27.8% 14.1%
Housing
Housing Units, July 1, 2025, (V2025) X 148,260,882
Owner-occupied housing unit rate, 2020-2024 35.7% 65.2%
Median value of owner-occupied housing units, 2020-2024 $731,700 $332,700
Median selected monthly owner costs - with a mortgage, 2020-2024 $2,986 $1,963
Median selected monthly owner costs - without a mortage, 2020-2024 $1,046 $638
Median gross rent, 2020-2024 $2,147 $1,413
Building Permits, 2025 X 1,431,616
Families & Living Arrangements
Households, 2020-2024 283,374 129,227,496
Persons per household, 2020-2024 2.19 2.53
Living in the same house 1 year ago, percent of persons age 1 year+ , 2020-2024 80.3% 87.7%
Language other than English spoken at home, percent of persons age 5 years+, 2020-2024 35.6% 22.3%
Computer and Internet Use
Households with a computer, percent, 2020-2024 95.6% 95.5%
Households with a broadband Internet subscription, percent, 2020-2024 92.0% 91.0%
Education
High school graduate or higher, percent of persons age 25 years+, 2020-2024 88.9% 89.6%
Bachelor's degree or higher, percent of persons age 25 years+, 2020-2024 54.9% 35.7%
Health
With a disability, under age 65 years, percent, 2020-2024 8.8% 9.3%
Persons without health insurance, under age 65 years, percent 3.2% 9.6%
Economy
In civilian labor force, total, percent of population age 16 years+, 2020-2024 69.9% 63.0%
In civilian labor force, female, percent of population age 16 years+, 2020-2024 68.2% 58.8%
Total accommodation and food services sales, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 6,741,284 1,196,315,575
Total health care and social assistance receipts/revenue, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 32,335,280 3,330,304,719
Total transportation and warehousing receipts/revenue, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 7,045,058 1,316,303,546
Total retail sales, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 22,142,967 6,974,691,329
Total retail sales per capita, 2022(c) $33,897 $20,928
Transportation
Mean travel time to work (minutes), workers age 16 years+, 2020-2024 30.3 26.4
Income & Poverty
Median households income (in 2024 dollars), 2020-2024 $97,344 $80,734
Per capita income in past 12 months (in 2024 dollars), 2020-2024 $61,698 $44,673
Persons in poverty, percent 16.6% 10.6%
Businesses
Businesses
Total employer establishments, 2023 X 8,361,342
Total employment, 2023 X 139,831,742
Total annual payroll, 2023 ($1,000) X 9,556,351,319
Total employment, percent change, 2022-2023 X 3.0%
Total nonemployer establishments, 2023 X 30,427,808
All employer firms, Reference year 2023 X 5,934,950
Male-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 X 3,638,693
Female-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 X 1,356,990
Minority-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 X 1,400,775
Nonminority-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 X 4,202,325
Veteran-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 X 261,330
Nonveteran-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 X 5,343,976
Geography
Geography
Population per square mile, 2020 13,976.7 93.8
Population per square mile, 2010 12,792.7 87.4
Land area in square miles, 2020 48.34 3,533,038.28
Land area in square miles, 2010 48.28 3,531,905.43
FIPS Code 2507000 1