Jews in Serbia during World War Two

Jews in Serbia always represented a micro community. However, interesting fact is that even in post-War, the decline of Jewish population in Serbia continued. The Jewish communities mostly inhabited Belgrade and Vojvodina region (the biggest inhabited Bačka region). The study is based on statistical and historical data about the events outcoming with the extermination of the Jewish nation and heritage in Backa region of AP Vojvodina. The research included the analysis of available documents and publications, and gives the short historical outlook of events in Bačka region before, during and after the World War II. It presents detailed demographic analysis of Jewish population and war casualties in Bačka region. Study also gives the insight into the destruction of Jewish heritage and other relevant data on Jewish communities in Bačka, Vojvodina and Serbia today.

Balcanica, 2015

The paper based on archival, published and press sources, and relevant literature presents the ideological basis and enforcement of the Croatian policy of the extermination of the Serbs and Jews in the Independent State of Croatia (NDH) which had its place within the New Order of Europe. Soon after the establishment of the NDH in April 1941, the destruction process was partially centralised in a network of camps centred at Gospić. After the outbreak of a mass Serb uprising and the dissolution of the Gospić camp, a new and much larger system of camps centred at Jasenovac operated as an extermination and concentration camp from the end of August 1941 until the end of the war. In November 1941, the mass internment of undesirable population groups was provided for by law, whereby the destruction process was given a "legal" form.

THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC 1938-1945 AND THE TRAGEDY OF HUNGARIAN JEWS. PART II.

The then so-called Small Station, later known as Košice-City (Košice-Mesto). 3 Auschwitz II -Birkenau was a subcamp of the Auschwitz main camp, the so-called Stammlager Auschwitz, which was established in 1940 on the site of the former Polish cavalry barracks. The second subcamp was the so-called Monowitz, where prisoners performed slave labor in a chemical factory of the German concern BUNA for the production of synthetic gasoline and explosives and was called BUNA -Monowitz. To the creation of the list is dedicated the chapter Trains of Death 5 . Thematically connected arc of fourteen short stories takes us to 4 Gaško, Mikuláš: Nad úkrytom -A bunker felett -The Trains of Death. Spomienky košického advokáta -Egy kassai ügyvéd visszaemlékezései -Memoires of an Attorney.

Istorija 20. veka, 2019

The paper analyzes the historical context, content, and aims of the organized anti-Semitic propaganda and legislation in the final year prior to the occupation of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia and in occupied Serbia. Both direct and indirect anti-Semitic orders and decrees have been thoroughly analyzed, while the propaganda has been gleaned from the writings of influential daily newspapers, magazines, and journals, and special events such as the Great Anti-masonic (1941) and Anti-communist exhibition (1942). An attempt has been made to show the predominant role of the Ger-man factor in both legislation and propaganda, although the responsibility of the local authorities is also discussed. The paper derives its information from research mainly done on primary historical sources such as the official decrees of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, the German military commander in Serbia, and Milan Nedić's Government, as well as the influential press published at the time.

2017

Part 1 of this paper describes the events in a small town in Poland, Ostrow Lubelski, during the Second World War, ending in the liquidation of the Jewish community and many deportees to the town, on 11 October 1942. The materials for this part of the study have come from many sources, including Yizkor [remembrance] books with chapters by survivors; a letter from a deportee from Poznan [German: Posen] describing conditions there; and testimony of two non-Jewish residents during those events. The results show Ostrow Lubelski to have been a microcosm of the methods and techniques used by the Germans for the genocide, including starvation, working to death, random murders, and, finally, deportation to the death camps. Part 2 is an attempt to recognize and define the sources of the Nazi ideology. It appears that the Nazis added nothing new to ideas and trends that existed from at least the nineteenth century on. These include, the industrialization and urbanization of Germany; Jewish emancipation; the Eugenics movement, not confined to Germany alone; anti-semitic attitudes; a mystical racism with an Aryan mythology; a sense of an existential threat from an alien race and the consequent demonization of the Jews; and, finally, the practice genocide in Southwest Africa in the early 1900s. The sources of Nazi thinking, in short, were a complex mixture of all of these. One-dimensional thinking about sources is neither appropriate nor sufficient.

2002

Creation of the Camp, Its Physical Development and Methods of Extermination Millions of human beings in occupied Europe perished as a result of the purposeful activities of different agencies of the Third Reich. The Nazi extermination policy rested on far-reaching plans for the Germanization of Eastern Europe and demographic restructuring of the rest of Europe.! The implementation of these plans was supposed to lead to the complete annihilation of theJews and Gypsies and to the partial elimination of Slavs, most especially the Poles. Concentration camps, and death camps forJews, along with an extensive.system of court and police institutions were the tools for implementing these plans. The concentration camps in particular were the central instrument of terror against the nations of occupied Europe. In the last phase of the war they were one of the places where hundreds of thousands were exploited for slave labor. The largest of these was the Auschwitz-Birkenau camp. Established by the Nazis in occupied Polish territory, it combined in one complex both types of these camps.

Loyola of Los Angeles international and comparative law review, 2018

Judaica et Holocaustica, 2020

Small in size and completely marginalised by Nazi anti-Semitic legislation, Jewish community in Serbia 1941 – 1944 was also a subject of highly intensive, incendiary and dirty propaganda campaign waged by German and local collaborationist authorities. From the summer 1941 until the liberation of the country, Jews were constantly targeted in all media and public discourse, even at the time when most of Serbian Jews have already been murdered in the Holocaust. Combination of the distorted and augmented facts with blatant lies was used to create a false image of a local Jew – a traitor, parasite, eternal evil and national enemy. This image was in many aspects generated following the Nazi instructions, but it also grew on already existing anti-Semitic prejudices and contents. This paper analyses the scope, nature and content of anti–Semitic propaganda in Serbia under Nazi occupation and it raises a question regarding its true purpose and goals.