S. Lange

Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 2008

Revégétalisation de résidus miniers. Un point central dans la restauration des sites miniers au Québec

Water content as a function of apparent dielectric permittivity in a Fibric Limnic Humisol

Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 2008

Soil-gas diffusivity in large soil monoliths

by S. Lange, Suzanne Allaire, and Dennis Rolston

European Journal of Soil Science, 2009

N2O and CO2 dynamics in a frozen pasture soil

by S. Lange, Suzanne Allaire, and Mario Alberto Cuellar Castillo

Since gas dynamics in agricultural soils is mainly studied during plant growth, only few research... more Since gas dynamics in agricultural soils is mainly studied during plant growth, only few researches have focus on their dynamics in frozen soils covered with snow. Spatio-temporal concentrations of CO2 and N2O have been measured from the pre-freezing to the thawing period in a pasture soil during these seasons. Three periods related to gas dynamics were observed during both cold seasons. Both gases behaved differently during pre-freeze and thawing periods and their spatial dynamics depended on the spatial and temporal variability of soil temperature as long as the soil surface temperature was above 0°C. However, both concentrations increased and their spatial variability was independent from temperature as long as the soil was frozen, under which condition their correlation was up to 90%. Two main occurrences of gas release occurred during thawing, one related to trapped gases, similar for both gases, and the other to reactivation of microorganisms, different between both gases.

Structure et porosité : voyons de près comment les gaz bougent dans le sol !

Structure et porosité : voyons de près comment les gaz bougent dans le sol ! Comment s'effect... more Structure et porosité : voyons de près comment les gaz bougent dans le sol ! Comment s'effectuent les échanges gazeux entre le sol et l'atmosphère, quelles sont les particularités du sol qui permettent ces échanges, ou encore n'y aurait-il pas un mouvement préférentiel de gaz entre le sol et l'atmos-phère qui puisse permettre aux organismes du sol de respirer et d'évacuer leurs gaz toxiques même lorsque les conditions semblent peu propices ? Voilà des questions qui peuvent paraître simples. Cependant, quand il s'agit d'estimer les émissions de gaz à effet de serre (GES) par les sols agricoles, ou de calculer des taux d'oxydation du méthane dans des sols de recouvrement de site d'enfouissement sanitaire, ou encore d'évaluer la quantité de GES dégagée par la fonte accélérée du pergélisol, ces questions suscitent un grand intérêt. Les méthodes standard de mesure du mouvement de gaz dans le sol permettent de savoir à quelle vitesse les gaz travers...

Carbon dynamics in a biochar-amended loamy soil under switchgrass

The environmental impacts of switchgrass production for bioenergy could be reduced through the us... more The environmental impacts of switchgrass production for bioenergy could be reduced through the use of biofertilizers rather than mineral fertilizers and through soil amendment with biochar. The objectives of this study were: (1) to assess the impact of biochar and biofertilizer on switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) yield and parameters related to carbon dynamics, (2) to correlate carbon parameters with soil physico-chemical properties over the first two growing seasons, and (3) to develop a C budget. A complete randomized block design was installed in a sandy loam with split plot treatment design, the main plots receiving 0 or 10 t ha1 of biochar and the sub plots receiving no fertilization, mineral N fertilization, or biofertilizers. Biofertilizers had no significant impact on plant and soil. Biochar increased yield relative to the control treatment by about 10% during the first year and root biomass by up to 50% after 2 yr (P0.1). Mineral N fertilization also increased yield resulting in higher plant C sequestration after 2 yr. Biochar increased CO2 soil concentration (CO2-soil) by up to 50% but its impact on CO2 emission flux (CO2-flux) changed over time. The impact of mineral fertilization on CO2-flux also varied with time. Soil CO2 dynamics was mostly influenced by
temperature, N and water content. Biochar and fertilization treatments showed interactions on some plant and soil
parameters. The highest C sequestration budget was obtained with a combination of biochar and mineral N fertilization. The equivalent of about one-third of the increase in soil C content associated with biochar treatments was respired away by soil microorganisms. Nearly one-fourth of C sequestered by plants remained in or at the soil surface (root and crop residues).

Le biochar dans les milieux poreux: Une solution miracle en environnement?

Le chromatographe portable: Mesurer les émissions de gaz par les sols

Mouvement de gaz dans nos sols québécois : Implications environnementales

Analyses of biochar properties

by S. Lange, Suzanne Allaire, Isabelle Auclair, and L. Greffard

Potential Efficiency of Riparian Vegetated Buffer Strips in Intercepting Soluble Compounds in the Presence of Subsurface Preferential Flows

by Suzanne Allaire, Georges Thériault, Claudia Sylvain, S. Lange, and Pierre Lafrance

PLOS ONE, 2015

Analyse des propriétés de biochars

by S. Lange, Suzanne Allaire, Isabelle Auclair, L. Greffard, and Christian Roy

Properties of 35 biochars have been compared. Properties include physical, chemical and biological.

Multiscale Spatial Variability of Potato Yield Influenced by Soil Properties

Spatial variability of potato yield and aboveground parameters is known to be important but has r... more Spatial variability of potato yield and aboveground parameters is known to be important but has rarely been studied using multiscale approach. The objective was to describe the spatial distribution of plant parameters in relation to physico-chemical soil properties using a new geostatistical approach (Coregionalization Analysis with a Drift, CRAD, Pelletier et al. 2009a, b ) that allows multiscale multivariate spatial analysis. Two agricultural sites were instrumented at 108 sampling points and two depths in loamy sands where several plant parameters (e.g. tuber, aboveground biomass, C and N contents of tubers and aboveground biomass) and soil properties (e.g. water content, gas diffusion, nitrate) were measured. Plant parameters showed spatial structures that varied at different scales. Potato yield presented a strong dominance for random distribution and smaller importance of large scale spatial variance at one site while it was randomly distributed at the other site. C and N cont...

Carbon dynamics in a biochar-amended loamy soil under switchgrass

Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 2015

Spatial Variability of Potato Tuber Yield and Plant Nitrogen Uptake Related to Soil Properties

Agronomy Journal, 2014

Spatiotemporal Analysis of the Relative Soil Gas Diffusion Coefficient in Two Sandy Soils: Variability Decomposition and Correlations between Sampling Dates at Two Spatial Scales

Soil Science Society of America Journal

The variability of the relative soil gas diffusion coefficient (Ds/Do) in space and time is not w... more The variability of the relative soil gas diffusion coefficient (Ds/Do) in space and time is not well known but is important for root respiration, microbial activities, and greenhouse gas emissions. The objectives of this study were to: (i) quantify the spatial variability of Ds/Do; (ii) decompose this variability into components at small vs. large scales relative to the size of the site; and (iii) analyze temporal changes at each spatial scale during the growing season of 2006 and the spring of 2007 at two depths in two sandy soils under potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)–corn (Zea mays L.) rotation. The coefficient of variation of predicted Ds/Do varied from 30% at 0.15-m depth to 101% at 0.30-m depth, possibly because of a change in soil horizons around the 0.30-m depth. The variability in the data on each sampling date was decomposed into small-scale (spatial and nonspatial) and large-scale (spatial) components using the coregionalization analysis with a drift method. Overall, the sma...

Measurement of gas diffusion through soils: comparison of laboratory methods

Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 2008

Multiscale spatial variability of CO2 emissions and correlations with physico-chemical soil properties

Geoderma, 2012

Transfer of CO2, N2O, and CH4 tp butyl rubber (polyisobutylene) septa during storage

Greenhouse gases are more sampled than ever because of environmental interests. Gas samples are o... more Greenhouse gases are more sampled than ever because of environmental interests. Gas samples are often inserted into vials with gas tight butyl rubber septa before concentration analysis. Little is known on the global transfer property of butyl rubber septa for CO2, N2O and CH4. Sorption kinetics were measured by injecting CO2, N2O or CH4 into glass vials with either one of four butyl rubber septa types and stored during 90 days. CO2 and N2O concentrations decreased during storage depending upon septa type and initial concentration, with the highest linear rate being 0.023 for CO2 and 0.0015 mg L3 day1 for N2O. When a low concentration was injected, CH4 concentration changes over time were small and did not differ between septa types. Sorption isotherms were measured using nine concentrations and stored during 45 days. CO2 sorption isotherms ranged from 0 to 3.7 103 m3 m2 and N2O from 0.3 to 1.4 103m3 m2. Examples of errors associated with the use of these butyl rubber septa are given.