Proteomic Analysis of Mouse Brain Subjected to Spaceflight
by
Xiao Wen Mao 1
, Lawrence B. Sandberg 2, Daila S. Gridley 1, E. Clifford Herrmann 2, Guangyu Zhang 2, Ravi Raghavan 3, Roman A. Zubarev 4,5, Bo Zhang 4,5, Louis S. Stodieck 6, Virginia L. Ferguson 6, Ted A. Bateman 7 and Michael J. Pecaut 1,*
Xiao Wen Mao 1, Lawrence B. Sandberg 2, Daila S. Gridley 1, E. Clifford Herrmann 2, Guangyu Zhang 2, Ravi Raghavan 3, Roman A. Zubarev 4,5, Bo Zhang 4,5, Louis S. Stodieck 6, Virginia L. Ferguson 6, Ted A. Bateman 7 and Michael J. Pecaut 1,*
1
Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Biomedical Engineering Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
2
Department of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
3
Department of Pathology and Human Anatomy, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
4
Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, SE 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
5
Department of Pharmacological and Technological Chemistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia
6
BioServe Space Technologies, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
7
Department of Bioengineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20(1), 7; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20010007
Received: 9 November 2018 / Revised: 11 December 2018 / Accepted: 17 December 2018 / Published: 20 December 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress and Damage in the Space Environment: Physiological Ground and Flight Parallels)
There is evidence that spaceflight poses acute and late risks to the central nervous system. To explore possible mechanisms, the proteomic changes following spaceflight in mouse brain were characterized. Space Shuttle Atlantis (STS-135) was launched from the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) on a 13-day mission. Within 3–5 h after landing, brain tissue was collected to evaluate protein expression profiles using quantitative proteomic analysis. Our results showed that there were 26 proteins that were significantly altered after spaceflight in the gray and/or white matter. While there was no overlap between the white and gray matter in terms of individual proteins, there was overlap in terms of function, synaptic plasticity, vesical activity, protein/organelle transport, and metabolism. Our data demonstrate that exposure to the spaceflight environment induces significant changes in protein expression related to neuronal structure and metabolic function. This might lead to a significant impact on brain structural and functional integrity that could affect the outcome of space missions.
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Keywords:
brain; spaceflight; microgravity; proteomics
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Mao, X.W.; Sandberg, L.B.; Gridley, D.S.; Herrmann, E.C.; Zhang, G.; Raghavan, R.; Zubarev, R.A.; Zhang, B.; Stodieck, L.S.; Ferguson, V.L.; Bateman, T.A.; Pecaut, M.J. Proteomic Analysis of Mouse Brain Subjected to Spaceflight. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 7.
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