awk by default separates records into fields based on contiguous sequences of white space and ignores any leading trailing white space. Since your first "field" is sometimes empty to awk it doesn't exist. Given that, there's a few ways to print the NAME column, the simplest being to count fields from the end of the record rather than the start of it:
$ awk '{print $NF}' file
PROVIDER
Imported
Imported
Imported
$
$ awk '{print $(NF-1)}' file
NAME
test-cluster
prod-cluster
dev-cluster
$
$ awk '{print $(NF-2)}' file
STATE
active
active
active
$
$ awk '{print $(NF-3)}' file
ID
abcd
efgh
xyzd
$
$ awk '{print (NF>4 ? $(NF-4) : "")}' file
CURRENT
*
$
You need to do some math on that last one so NF-4$(NF-4) doesn't cause $0$0 to be printed when NF is 4. You can calculate the intended number of fields rather than hard-coding 4 by counting how many fields are in the header line:
$ awk 'NR==1{max=NF-1} {print (NF>max ? $(NF-max) : "")}' file
CURRENT
*
$