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Letsatsi la Ngwaga o Mosha

Mo khalendareng ya Gregorian, Letsatsi la Ngwaga o Mosha ke letsatsi la ntlha la ngwaga wa khalendara, Hirikgong e tlhola bongwe. Bontsi jwa dikhalendara tsa letsatsi, tse di jaaka khalendara ya ga Gregory le ya ga Julian, di simolola ngwaga ka metlha ka nako ya fa go le mariga kwa bokone kgotsa gaufi le nako ya fa go le mariga kwa bokone. Go farologana le seo, ditso le madumedi a a dirisang khalendara ya ngwedi le ya letsatsi a keteka Ngwaga o Mosha wa bone wa Lunar ka dinako tse di farologaneng go ya ka ngwaga wa letsatsi.

Kwa Roma pele ga motlha wa Bokeresete, ka khalendara ya ga Julian, letsatsi leo le ne le neetswe Janus, modimo wa dikgoro le wa tshimologo, yo kgwedi ya Hirikgonge reeletsweng ka ene. Go tloga ka metlha ya Baroma go fitlha mo bogareng jwa lekgolo la bo lesome le borobabobedi la dingwaga, ngwaga o mosha o ne o ketekwa ka dinako tse di farologaneng le mo dikarolong tse di farologaneng tsa Yuropa ya Bokeresete ka Sedimonthole e le masome a mabedi le botlhano, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e tlhola gangwe, ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e le masome a mabedi le botlhano le ka moletlo o o ka sutisiwang wa Ista. [1][2][3]

Mo malatsing a gompieno, fa dinaga di le dintsi di dirisa khalendara ya ga Gregory jaaka khalendara ya bone ya setšhaba, ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong e tlhola gangwe go ya ka khalendara eo ke nngwe ya malatsi a boikhutso a a ketekwang thata mo lefatsheng, gantsi a ketekwa ka go tshubiwa ga dibomo ka nako ya bosigogare morago ga Letsatsi la Ngwaga o Mosha, fa ngwaga o mosha o simolola mo lefelong lengwe le lengwe la nako. Dingwao tse dingwe tsa lefatshe ka bophara tsa Letsatsi la Ngwaga o Mosha di akaretsa go dira maikemisetso a Ngwaga o Mosha le go leletsa ditsala le ba lelapa. [4]

Ditso

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Khalendara ya bogologolo ya Bababilone e ne e le ya ngwedi le letsatsi, mme mo e ka nnang ka ngwaga wa 2000 BC [5]ba ne ba simolola go keteka moletlo wa dikgakologo le ngwaga o mosha mo kgweding ya Nisane, mo e ka nnang ka nako ya equinox ya Mopitlwe. Khalendara ya bogologolo ya Roma e ne e baya kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e tlhola gangwe jaaka letsatsi la ntlha la ngwaga. [6]Khalendara eno e ne e na le dikgwedi di le lesome fela, go simolola ka March. Lebaka la go bo ngwaga o mosha o kile wa simologa ka kgwedi ya March le sa ntse le bonala mo maina a mangwe a dikgwedi. Go tloga ka September go fitlha ka December, e leng dikgwedi tsa borobongwe go ya go tsa bolesome le bobedi tsa khalendara ya ga Gregory, kwa tshimologong di ne di bewa jaaka dikgwedi tsa bosupa go ya go tsa bolesome. (Septem ke lefoko la Selatine le le kayang "supa"; octo, "borobedi"; novem, "borobongwe"; le decem, "lesome") Gantsi ditlhamane tsa Baroma di bolela gore kgosi ya bone ya bobedi e bong Numa ke ene a simolotseng dikgwedi tse pedi tse disha tsa Ianuarius le Februarius. Tseno di ne tsa bewa kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga, mme ka nako nngwe di ne tsa tsewa jaaka dikgwedi tsa ntlha tse pedi mo boemong jwa tsone. [7]

January kalend (Latin: Kalendae Ianuariae), e leng tshimologo ya kgwedi ya Hirikgong, e ne ya simolola go ketekwa jaaka ngwaga o mosha ka nako nngwe morago ga gore e nne letsatsi la go tlhomiwa ga dikonsula tse disha ka 153 BC ka ntlha ya botsuolodi jwa kwa Hispania jo bo neng jwa simolola Ntwa ya Bobedi ya Ba-Celtiberian. Baroma ga ba bolo go nna ba bala dingwaga tsa bone go ya ka dikonsolo tseno, go na le gore ba dire jalo ka go latelana, mme go dira gore dikhalendara tsa Hirikgong di simolole ngwaga o mosha go ne ga dira gore ba kgone go bona letlha leno. Le fa go ntse jalo, meletlo ya poraefete le ya sedumedi e e neng e ketekwa go dikologa ngwaga o mosha wa kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e ne ya tswelela ka lobakanyana mme ga go na tumalano ka potso ya nako ya maemo a masha a kgwedi ya Hirikgonge rogwa. Le fa go ntse jalo, fa e setse e le ngwaga o mosha, e ne ya nna nako ya go kopana mmogo ga malapa le go keteka. [8]Go ne ga nna le masetlapelo a le mmalwa, segolobogolo go tsuologa ga ga M. Aemilius Lepidus ka 78 BC, o ne a tlhoma tumelobotlhodi kgatlhanong le go letlelela malatsi a mmaraka wa Roma go wela mo khalendeng ya Hirikgong mme bomopapa ba ne ba dirisa intercalation go tila go diragala ga one. [9][10]

Metswedi

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  1. ↑ "New Year's Day: Julian and Gregorian Calendars". Sizes.com. 8 May 2004. Archived from the original on 5 April 2016. Retrieved 7 January 2021.
  2. ↑ Poole, Reginald L. (1921). The Beginning of the Year in the Middle Ages. Proceedings of the British Academy. Vol. X. London: British Academy. Archived from the original on 23 November 2021. Retrieved 24 November 2021 – via HathiTrust.
  3. ↑ Bond, John James (1875). Handy Book of Rules and Tables for Verifying Dates With the Christian Era Giving an Account of the Chief Eras and Systems Used by Various Nations...'. London: George Bell & Sons. p. 91.
  4. ↑ Mehra, Komal (2006). Festivals Of The World. Sterling Publishers. p. 69. ISBN 978-1-8455-7574-8. In many European countries like Italy, Portugal and Netherlands, families start the new year by attending church services and then calling on friends and relatives. Italian children receive gifts or money on New Year's Day. People in the United States go to church, give parties and enjoy other forms of entertainment.
  5. ↑ Andrews, Evan (31 December 2012). "5 Ancient New Year's Celebrations". History News. Archived from the original on 13 January 2014. Retrieved 31 January 2014.
  6. ↑ Brunner, Borgna. "A History of the New Year". Infoplease.com. Archived from the original on 22 January 2014. Retrieved 31 January 2014.
  7. ↑ Forsythe, Gary (2012). Time in Roman Religion: One Thousand Years of Religious History. Routledge. p. 14. ISBN 978-0-415-52217-5.
  8. ↑ Michels, A.K. The Calendar of the Roman Republic (Princeton, 1967), pp. 97–98.
  9. ↑ Macrobius, Book I, Ch. xiii, §17
  10. ↑ Kaster (2011), p. 163.
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