Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2022 Dec 16:4:1053588.
doi: 10.3389/fmedt.2022.1053588. eCollection 2022.

A proof-of-concept study poised to remodel the drug development process: Liver-Chip solutions for lead optimization and predictive toxicology

Zaher Nahle  1
Affiliations

A proof-of-concept study poised to remodel the drug development process: Liver-Chip solutions for lead optimization and predictive toxicology

Zaher Nahle. Front Med Technol. .
No abstract available

Keywords: FDA regulations; animal testing; drug development; drug-Induced liver toxicity (DILI); liver-chip; microphysiological systems (MPS); organ-chip; predictive toxicology.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
A dozen reasons why micro-physiological systems (MPS) like organ-chips are better at modeling human diseases. AI: Artificial Intelligence; IBD: Inflammatory Bowel Disease; BM Injury: Bone Marrow Injury. Filled squares represent aspects directly related to Ewart et al., reviewed in this opinion article.
Figure 1
Figure 1
A dozen reasons why micro-physiological systems (MPS) like organ-chips are better at modeling human diseases. AI: Artificial Intelligence; IBD: Inflammatory Bowel Disease; BM Injury: Bone Marrow Injury. Filled squares represent aspects directly related to Ewart et al., reviewed in this opinion article.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Ewart L, Apostolou A, Briggs SA, Carman CV, Chaff JT, Heng AR, et al. Performance assessment and economic analysis of a human Liver-Chip for predictive toxicology. Communications Medicine. (2022) 2:154. 10.1038/s43856-022-00209-1 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Pammolli F, Magazzini L, Riccaboni M. The productivity crisis in pharmaceutical R&D. Nat Rev Drug Discov. (2011) 10(6):428–38. 10.1038/nrd3405 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Schuhmacher A, Wilisch L, Kuss M, Kandelbauer A, Hinder M, Gassmann O. R &D efficiency of leading pharmaceutical companies—a 20-year analysis. Drug Discov Today. (2021) 26(8):1784–9. 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.05.005 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Nahle Z. COVID Boosters Are Critical, But Using Only Animal Data Is a Needless Gamble. Truthout (2022).
    1. Tagle DA. The NIH microphysiological systems program: developing in vitro tools for safety and efficacy in drug development. Curr Opin Pharmacol. (2019) 48:146–54. 10.1016/j.coph.2019.09.007 - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources