Corporate debt default risk poses significant challenges in the business world, requiring a multifaceted approach for effective mitigation. This study, grounded in an ethical decision-making framework, investigates the influence of Confucian culture on shaping ethical corporate culture and managers’ moral capacity and its subsequent impact on corporate debt default risk. Our findings indicate that companies deeply influenced by Confucian culture tend to exhibit lower debt default risks. Specifically, companies that embrace Confucian values demonstrate an enhanced ethical corporate culture and heightened (...) individual moral capacity. These factors play crucial roles in the ethical decision-making process, thereby reducing the likelihood of engaging in risky financial behaviors. Further analysis reveals that the inhibitory effect of Confucian culture on debt default risk is particularly pronounced in enterprises operating within regions characterized by poor integrity environments and weak product market competition. This inhibitory effect can lead to a reduction in the cost of corporate debt financing and the risk of stock price crashes. Overall, this study contributes to the understanding of the interplay between culture, business ethics, and corporate risk management. (shrink)

Corporate debt default risk poses significant challenges in the business world, requiring a multifaceted approach for effective mitigation. This study, grounded in an ethical decision-making framework, investigates the influence of Confucian culture on shaping ethical corporate culture and managers’ moral capacity and its subsequent impact on corporate debt default risk. Our findings indicate that companies deeply influenced by Confucian culture tend to exhibit lower debt default risks. Specifically, companies that embrace Confucian values demonstrate an enhanced ethical corporate culture and heightened (...) individual moral capacity. These factors play crucial roles in the ethical decision-making process, thereby reducing the likelihood of engaging in risky financial behaviors. Further analysis reveals that the inhibitory effect of Confucian culture on debt default risk is particularly pronounced in enterprises operating within regions characterized by poor integrity environments and weak product market competition. This inhibitory effect can lead to a reduction in the cost of corporate debt financing and the risk of stock price crashes. Overall, this study contributes to the understanding of the interplay between culture, business ethics, and corporate risk management. (shrink)

Entrepreneurship is a sustainable development tool that supports the alleviation of poverty and unemployment. Focusing on the promotion of entrepreneurial intention under the background of entrepreneurship education, this study used a structural equation model to examine the role of entrepreneurship policy, entrepreneurial practice, and entrepreneurial spirit on the EI of 384 college students from 22 universities in Guangdong Province. The test results show that there are significant positive correlations between EPo and EI; EPo and EPr; EPo and ES; and EPr (...) and EI. They also support the hypothesis that EPr enhances the positive effect that EPo has on EI. This study puts forth measures to improve EI and makes contributions to future research on EE. (shrink)

Aims This study aimed to explore the relationship among moral distress, psychological capital, and burnout in registered nurses. Ethical consideration The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the School of Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University (Approval no. 2022001). Methods A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted with a convenience sample of 397 nurses from three Grade-A tertiary hospitals in Zhejiang Province, China. Participants completed demographic information, the Nurses’ Moral Distress Scale, the Nurses’ Psychological Capital Scale, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (...) Scale. The data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation analysis, structural equation modeling, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Results The study found that moral distress and burnout are positively correlated, while psychological capital is negatively correlated with both moral distress and burnout. The path analysis in structural equation modeling revealed that moral distress has a significant direct effect on psychological capital, while psychological capital has a significant direct effect on burnout. In addition, moral distress also had a significant indirect effect on burnout through psychological capital. Moreover, both the direct effect of moral distress on burnout and the total effect of moral distress on burnout were significant. Conclusion The findings suggest that psychological capital plays an important role in the relationship between moral distress and burnout. Promoting psychological capital among nurses may be a promising strategy for preventing moral distress and burnout in the workplace. (shrink)

BackgroundThe aging population and advancements in medical technology have intensified the emotional complexities faced by physicians and nurses in making decisions regarding life-sustaining treatment (LST).AimThis study explores healthcare professionals’ emotional and cognitive experiences in decisions to withdraw LST for ICU patients, identifies the factors influencing such decisions, and provides evidence-based recommendations to enhance their effective involvement in end-of-life decision-making. By addressing key challenges in this process, the findings aim to offer actionable insights and practical guidance for medical practitioners, policymakers, and (...) healthcare institutions, particularly within the Chinese cultural context, to improve patient-centered care in end-of-life scenarios. A phenomenological qualitative approach was employed, utilizing convenience sampling of ten nurses and ten physicians from a tertiary ICU in China. Participants engaged in face-to-face, semi-structured interviews, which were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using Colaizzi’s method to identify and code themes.FindingsHealthcare professionals’ experiences in withdrawing LST for ICU patients were classified into three primary themes and eight subthemes: perceptions of LST (professional and humanitarian perspectives); factors influencing decision-making (personal factors of healthcare professionals, family and societal culture, lack of preparedness, and ethical dilemmas); and differing viewpoints of nurses and physicians regarding the execution of LST.ConclusionThe decision to withdraw LST presents multifaceted challenges, including conflicts arising from personal and professional differences among healthcare providers and the emotional complexities intrinsic to the process. Nurses, often constrained by clinical hierarchies and professional limitations, frequently have minimal influence in decision-making teams. Furthermore, communication between healthcare professionals and patients remains insufficient. To enhance the efficacy of decision-making in end-of-life care, improving interdisciplinary collaboration and fostering patient-centered trust are critical. (shrink)

This policy-capturing study, conducted in China, investigated the cognitive basis of managerial decisions to make a corporate charitable donation, a global issue in the context of corporate social responsibility research and practice. Participants responded to a series of scenarios manipulating pressure from the five stakeholders most commonly addressed by CSR research. The independent variables examined included organizational factors and the participants’ personal values. Results indicate a large positive effect of shareholder and governmental pressure on the decision with lesser positive effects (...) from customers and competitors. Surprisingly, employee pressure had a negative effect on the decision to make a charitable donation. Further, personal values and perceived CEO attitudes toward charity were significantly related to the decisions participants made. In line with our theorizing, the findings indicate that a combination of personal, organizational, and institutional factors was salient in the minds of decision makers. (shrink)

The communitarianism that emerged in the West in the late twentieth century confronted the individual-centered ethics since the Enlightenment by highlighting the social and interactive character of human ethics and arguing that the individual and his or her “self” are essentially determined by the community to which he or she belongs. In contrast to the previous politics of rights, which emphasized the inalienability of individual rights, proponents of communitarianism emphasized the value of community and family, and often embraced a patriotism (...) based on communal consensus, which is very close to the connotation of “family, state and the world” familiar to ancient Chinese. However, the ideological resources and founding backgrounds of the two are very different, as communitarianism was aimed at the excessive expansion of liberalism based on property rights that has emerged since the seventeenth century, and its argument does not depart from the basic direction of identifying with the value of freedom. (shrink)

In classical set theory, the ordinals form a linear chain that we often think of as a very thin portion of the set-theoretic universe. In intuitionistic set theory, however, this is not the case and there can be incomparable ordinals. In this article, we shall show that starting from two incomparable ordinals, one can construct canonical bijections from any arbitrary set to an antichain of ordinals, and consequently any subset of the given set can be defined using ordinals as parameters. (...) This implies the surprising result that in the theory “ upper I upper K upper P plus empty set $\mathrm {IKP} + {}$ I K P + { } there exist two incomparable ordinals,” the statements upper O r d subset of or equal to upper L $\mathrm {Ord} \subseteq L$ O r d ⊆ L and upper V equals upper L $V = L$ V = L are equivalent. (shrink)

Facial expressions of emotion play an important role in human social interactions. However, posed expressions of emotion are not always the same as genuine feelings. Recent research has found that facial expressions are increasingly used as a tool for understanding social interactions instead of personal emotions. Therefore, the credibility assessment of facial expressions, namely, the discrimination of genuine (spontaneous) expressions from posed (deliberate/volitional/deceptive) ones, is a crucial yet challenging task in facial expression understanding. With recent advances in computer vision and (...) machine learning techniques, rapid progress has been made in recent years for automatic detection of genuine and posed facial expressions. This paper presents a general review of the relevant research, including several spontaneous vs. posed (SVP) facial expression databases and various computer vision based detection methods. In addition, a variety of factors that will influence the performance of SVP detection methods are discussed along with open issues and technical challenges in this nascent field. (shrink)

Drawing on Moreno's cognitive-affective theory of learning with media, this research aims to investigate the effectiveness of different multimedia glosses on learners' vocabulary acquisition and reading comprehension in a CALL environment. A total of 160 university students who learnt English as a foreign language in four classes participated in the study and were exposed to one of the four conditions: L2 definition only, L2 definition coupled with audio, L2 definition plus video, and L2 definition with picture. Participants were asked to (...) read eight hypermediated reading texts. Reading comprehension as well as vocabulary acquisition were measured using a pretest–posttest design. The results show first that all these four conditions led to students' vocabulary gains. More specifically, participants who had access to L2 definition plus picture and plus videos achieved significantly higher scores than the other two groups, L2 definition coupled with audio and L2 definition only. Concerning reading comprehension, all multimedia glossing presentation led to better reading comprehension, but no differences were found among all the glossing groups. The questionnaire and interview data indicate that students preferred L2 definition coupled with video and picture glosses, followed by audio and L2 definition only. The results reflect that multimedia glossing presentation creates a different effect on students' vocabulary acquisition and reading comprehension, respectively. They also provide pedagogical implications for learning in times of COVID-19. (shrink)

Employing a unique dataset of Chinese non-listed firms, this paper investigates the effects of the presence of 19 governance structures on 20 employees’ interest indicators. In general, we find that firms with the governance structures pay workers higher hourly wages, require less monthly working hours, and have a smaller chance of wage arrears. Meanwhile, the shares of total wage and welfare expenditures in total sales revenue are lower in these firms, which results in higher profitability. Moreover, firms with the governance (...) structures invest significantly more into training and provide employees with better fringe benefits. Considering the low labor protection standard and the weak external regulations of China’s labor market, we explain the positive findings thusly: corporate governance structures induce managers to adjust wage payments to the “efficiency wage” level, which is the best balance point for the interests of both shareholders and employees and, therefore, for maintaining the stakeholder relationships. We also find the governance structures that give blockholders superpower are negatively associated with employees interests. These results highlight the importance of giving enough discretion to managers in order to successfully find the common ground for creating mutual values for shareholders and employees. (shrink)

Objective: Pulmonary complications could badly affect the recovery of neurological function and neurological prognosis of neurological critically ill patients. This study evaluated the effect of high-flow nasal cannula therapy on decreasing pulmonary complications in neurologically critically ill patients.Patients and Methods: The patients admitted to the intensive care unit with serious neurological disease and receiving oxygen therapy were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into the HFNC group and the conventional oxygen therapy group. We analyzed the data within these two groups, including (...) patients’ baseline data, short-term outcomes of respiratory complications, general outcomes including hospital stay, ICU stay and mortality, and neurological functions. To analyze the relevant factors, we performed multivariable logistic regression analysis.Results: A total of 283 patients met the criteria, including 164 cases in the HFNC group and 119 cases in the COT group. The HFNC group had remarkably less mechanical ventilation requirement with lower phlegm viscosity. Even more, ICU stay and total hospital stay were significantly shortened in the HNFC group.Conclusion: HFNC decreased pulmonary complications in neurologically critically ill patients and improved recovery of neurological function and neurological prognosis. (shrink)

Given the cultural significance of the Silver Age religious renaissance in the history of Russian thought, it is important to examine how contemporary Russian philosophers, amidst increasing academic specialization, approach and categorize indigenous religious philosophy from this period. This article investigates contemporary Russian philosophical research and its evaluations of Sergei Nikolayevich Bulgakov, a key Silver Age figure. This study finds that, following the surge in research during the 1990s, Russian scholars have maintained consistent interest in Bulgakov. However, within the discipline (...) of philosophy these researchers may still be facing some structural problems. Bulgakov’s philosophical and theological ideas are intrinsically linked, which makes it difficult to pinpoint his disciplinary orientation. Researchers have been obliged to adjust their approaches to overcome misunderstandings. Not only philosophy of language but also philosophy of science and technology have been influenced by this new interest in Bulgakov. The overall trend in the examination of Bulgakov’s intellectual legacy has been toward careful and balanced deliberation and analysis. (shrink)

Children with autism spectrum disorder show marked difficulties in reading comprehension, a complex cognitive skill fundamental to successful daily functioning that is associated with core executive functions. However, the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying reading comprehension deficits in these children remain elusive. Twenty-one right-handed males with high-functioning ASD and 23 age-, IQ-, educational level-, sex- and handedness-matched typically developing individuals underwent a reading comprehension test and the semantic verbal fluency test that tapped core executive functions underlying reading comprehension during concurrent prefrontal functional (...) near-infrared spectroscopy measurement. Participants’ information processing efficiency was also assessed. High-functioning ASD children exhibited general reading comprehension [main effect of group: F = 7.58, p = 0.009], selective verbal fluency deficits [Group × category interaction: F = 4.90, p = 0.032] and slower processing speed. Regarding the hemodynamics of the prefrontal cortex, although ASD individuals showed comparable patterns of PFC brain activation to their healthy counterparts, lower PFC intrahemispheric [main effect of group: F = 11.36, p = 0.002] and interhemispheric [main effect of group: F = 7.79, p = 0.008] functional connectivity were evident during the semantic verbal fluency test. At the whole-group level, poorer reading comprehension performance was associated with poorer performance in the semantic verbal fluency test. Moreover, poorer semantic verbal fluency test performance was associated with slower information processing speed, which is associated with reduced left medial PFC functional connectivity. Abnormal intrahemispheric and interhemispheric prefrontal hypoconnectivity is associated with deficits in executive processes essential for reading comprehension in ASD. Our study has provided important implications for the neuropsychological and neurophysiological mechanisms underlying reading comprehension deficits in ASD. (shrink)

The political ethics of the ancient Chinese was a microcosm of their cosmology, and the principles and norms of state governance were constructed based on their understanding of “heaven, earth, and human beings” and their relationship. Therefore, the ethics of the Chinese people must move beyond the state, and can only be justified and completed between heaven and man. Self, family, community, and heaven and earth constitute the four dimensions or stages of Chinese ethical thinking, forming personal ethics, family ethics, (...) community and political ethics, as well as cosmic ethics in a special sense. Their relationships are both parallel, representing the four aspects of human life, and progressive, representing the different levels of personal moral growth. In arguing that Confucianism is a system of “spiritual humanism” that is distinct from European secular humanism, Du Weiming points out, “as an inclusive and comprehensive humanism, spiritual humanism is divided into four inseparable aspects: the first is the individual, referring to the integration of the individual’s body, mind, spiritual consciousness, and divinity; the second is the healthy interaction between the individual and the other, and between the individual and the community, which includes the family, the neighborhood, the community, the city, the nation, the world, and even the universe; the third is a lasting harmony between human beings and the natural world; the last and, I think, the most crucial is the complementation of the hearts of people and the way of the heaven. Generally, when we think about humanism, we only consider the first three aspects, but in fact, the true spiritual humanism should also include the issue of the relationship between human beings and the way of the heaven”. These arguments are in line with the basic features of traditional Confucian theoretical thinking and they should also be given special attention when we explore the ethics of the Chinese people. (shrink)

L’opera Shengjing Zhijie redatta nel 1636 dal missionario gesuita portoghese Emmanuel Diaz Junior è forse la versione in cinese più antica e completa di scritti su dottrina cristiana e testi biblici. Il testo avrà una notevole risonanza nelle successive traduzioni della Bibbia in cinese. In questo articolo attraverso l’analisi lessicologica diamo un breve resoconto dell’evoluzione del vocabolario di argomento teologico-religioso nel corpus dei missionari gesuiti in Cina, da Michele Ruggieri (1543-1607) a E. Diaz J. (1574-1659), ponendo in rilievo i neologismi (...) del Shengjing Zhijie, allo scopo di valutare il contributo dell’autore alla formazione del lessico cattolico nella lingua cinese. (shrink)

The famous scholar Ji Xianlin (1911–2009) once recalled that, during his ten years of study in Germany, what impressed him most about the ways of the German people in comparison with the Chinese people’s style of conducting themselves in the world was that the Germans tried to pursue some kind of “thorough” solutions to even the tiniest problems in daily life, that is, they must clarify the source of the problem under discussion or the difficult situation to be tackled. If (...) we follow his way to analyze the ethical ideas and behaviors of Chinese people, we must first ask: What is the theoretical root or practical foundation of the current ethical ideas of Chinese people? After clarifying this “foundation”, we can use it as the basis for analyzing the formation of its structure, and then propose a more reliable cognitive framework for how a certain “existence” is “unfolded” and realized in time and space. (shrink)

In Confucian ethics, the cultivation of one’s moral character is not only a matter of individual cultivation, but also a starting point for the extrapolation of individual morality to family morality, community etiquette, and political ideals. When Confucians extended the theory of “self-cultivation” from the individual outward to the spatial place of practice, the first place they thought of was the “family”. Due to the limitation of life resources, the “family” in the Spring and Autumn period was much larger than (...) the present “nuclear family” of a couple and two children, and often several generations lived together, similar to the large families of brothers and their families living together in rural areas or medium-sized companies in cities. Therefore, family ethics is an inevitable extension of self-cultivation ethics and an important aspect of Chinese ethics. In this chapter, we first try to show the basic norms of traditional Chinese family ethics, then point out the challenges and impacts of these ethical norms in modern times, and finally analyze the future development of modern Chinese family ethics in light of the new problems it faces. (shrink)

The thinking of “Yidao” started by Zhouyi is, under the mysterious mask of witchcraft, one of the early-mature, profound, broad and powerful cultural deposits of the Chinese nation. That Zhouyi conceives such cultural deposits is due to its thinking trait of “adopting xiang” and “xiangyijinyi”. Once this sort of “Xiang thinking” originating from the remote ages and becoming mature in the age of Zhouyi is properly expressed at a theoretical level, for example, via the system of 64 gua, it will (...) exert great and far-reaching influences on the advancement of the “primordially creative” thought and culture. Albeit the mask of witchcraft is often employed to take advantage of the superstitious, great thinkers through all the ages are capable of penetrating the mask and, by virtue of the enlightenment from the primordially creative thinking of Zhouyi, promoting the progress of Chinese thought and culture. (shrink)

The shaping of the ethical order in ancient China, whether in the family, in the community, or in the political sphere, needed to begin with the cultivation of individual morality, rooted in self-cultivation. During the Axial Age (800 BCE–200 BCE), Confucius was the first to creatively transform and reinterpret the traditional political ethics, using self-cultivation as the basis for shaping the ethical and political order. In the historical context of the old and the new at that time, a cultural renewal (...) and transformation advocated and practiced by educated people laid the theoretical foundation for the later Chinese political ritual and moral governance, which is still of great value and significance to our understanding of ancient Chinese political ethics today. (shrink)

A growing amount of research has shown associations between sexually dimorphic vocal traits and physiological conditions related to reproductive advantage. This paper presented a review of the literature on the relationship between sexually dimorphic vocal traits and sex hormones, body size, and physique. Those physiological conditions are important in reproductive success and mate selection. Regarding sex hormones, there are associations between sex-specific hormones and sexually dimorphic vocal traits; about body size, formant frequencies are more reliable predictors of human body size (...) than pitch/fundamental frequency; with regard to the physique, there is a possible but still controversial association between human voice and strength and combat power, while pitch is more often used as a signal of aggressive intent in conflict. Future research should consider demographic, cross-cultural, cognitive interaction, and emotional motivation influences, in order to more accurately assess the relationship between voice and physiology. Moreover, neurological studies were recommended to gain a deeper understanding of the evolutionary origins and adaptive functions of voice modulation. (shrink)

Ethics or ethic (“lunli” in Chinese) was a major area of thinking in ancient Chinese thought. Ancient Chinese philosophy was even once referred to as “ethics” by some missionaries and sinologists in the early times of Western contacts with China. Since the Song Dynasty (960–1279), the philosophical themes as expressed in the benchmark classics of Chinese thought—the Four Books (The Analects of Confucius, the Mencius, the Great Learning, and the Doctrine of the Mean) and other core Confucian texts—can be roughly (...) classified as “ethics” in terms of modern disciplines. Although the concept of “ethics” is commonly used by ancient and modern Chinese, the Chinese term for “ethics (or ethical studies)” itself emerged in the Chinese context and became gradually accepted only in the late Qing Dynasty (1644–1911). In order to facilitate the reader’s understanding of the changes in the connotations of “ethics” and “ethical studies” in ancient and modern Chinese discourses, it is necessary for us to review briefly the development of this concept in the history of Chinese thought. (shrink)

The exchange and integration of Chinese and foreign civilizations have been in existence since ancient times, and the different forms of communication have transmitted to each other not only the material achievements, technological achievements, natural species, and artificial products of the East and the West, but also the values and ethical concepts, which are of great value to the interactive influence of culture. The Buddhist concepts of reincarnation, mindfulness, epistemology, and karma from the West have widely spread and changed in (...) China, have become increasingly integrated into the mainstream ethics of Chinese culture, and have become part of Chinese ethics. Although the spread of Islam to the East was limited to religion and minority culture and did not become the mainstream ideology of the Han Chinese as Buddhism did, it provided a very different frame of reference in terms of customs and folklore, with a profound impact. In modern times, the Western learning from the East and the Eastern learning from the West have pushed the exchange between Chinese and Western civilizations, ethical collision, and cultural integration to the peak. The traditional Chinese ethics were not only highly praised by some Western scholars such as Voltaire in France and Leibniz in Germany in the eighteenth century, but also transformed into an ethical wisdom containing the ethical values of both the East and the West, with Chinese characteristics and global orientation. (shrink)

Previous studies have paid more attention to the impact of non-balanced reciprocity in the organization on employees’ behaviors and outcomes, and have expected that the reciprocity norm could improve employees’ compliance behavior. However, there are two distinct types of non-balanced reciprocity, and whether generalized reciprocity affects employees’ compliance behavior rather than negative reciprocity and its mechanisms has not been further explored so far. Building on the social exchange theory and cognitive appraisal theory, we established and examined a model in a (...) scenario-based experiment across a two-stage survey of 316 participants. In this article, we propose that generalized reciprocity positively influences employees’ compliance behavior, and thriving at work mediates its relationship. Furthermore, we argue that the positive association between generalized reciprocity and thriving at work is moderated by the perceived cognitive capabilities of artificial intelligence. This association is amplified for people high in the perceived cognitive capabilities of AI. We also propose that the positive association between thriving at work and compliance behavior is moderated by conscientiousness, such that the association is amplified for people high in conscientiousness. These findings have theoretical and practical implications. (shrink)

Zen is the product of the fusion of Chinese traditional culture with Buddhism after the latter was introduced into China and, resultantly, it is no longer Buddhism in the sense of the religion originating from India but one containing Chinese cultural details with Chinese characteristics. There is not Zen qua a section of Buddhism in India but for a cultivating method of Zen there.

Xiang thinking qua the earliest thinking mode of mankind is also the most creative one, whose early-mature form of theory is typically embodied in traditional Chinese culture. Albeit it was originally the most enjoyable thinking mode of Chinese cultural elites, it has become alien, even novel, to the modern Chinese cultural and thinking sphere due to the fact that modern China has been “westernized” and has broken away from its traditional culture.

With the development of geoscience, users are eager to obtain preferred service from geospatial information intelligently and automatically. However, the information grows rapidly while the service gets more complicated, which makes it difficult to find out the targeted information for an exact service in geospatial issues. In this paper, a novel method is proposed to promote the geospatial service from information to knowledge with spatiotemporal semantics. Both prompted and professional knowledge are further refined to be published as a service. In (...) terms of an exact task, numerous related services are recombined to a service chain under user requirement. Finally, the proposed method is applied to monitor the environment on the Air Quality Index and soil moisture in the Sensor Web service platform, the results of which indicate geospatial knowledge service is more efficient to support spatial decision-making. (shrink)

Individuals with high risk of internet gaming disorder showed abnormal psychological performances in response inhibition, impulse control, and emotion regulation, and are considered the high-risk stage of internet gaming disorder. The identification of this population mainly relies on clinical scales, which are less accurate. This study aimed to explore whether these performances have highly accurate for discriminating HIGD from low-risk ones. Eye tracking based anti-saccade task, Barratt impulsiveness scale, and Wong and Law emotional intelligence scale were used to evaluate psychological (...) performances in 57 individuals with HIGD and 52 matched low risk of internet gaming disorder. HIGD group showed significantly increased BIS total, attention, motor, and non-planning scores, but significantly decreased WLEIS emotion regulation score and correct rate of eye tracking anti-saccade task compared with LIGD group. BIS total score was negatively correlated with the WLEIS total and WLEIS emotion regulation scores. A combination of the WLEIS emotion regulation score and the correct rate of anti-saccade task could discriminate HIGD from LIGD with 91.23% sensitivity, 82.69% specificity, and 87.16% accuracy. Participants with higher gaming hours daily were 40 times more likely to be high risk than their counterparts. Hence, psychological performances were worse in HIGD. A combination of abnormal emotion regulation and response inhibition might be a potential marker to identify HIGD individuals. (shrink)

With the popularity of location-based social networks, location prediction has become an important task and has gained significant attention in recent years. However, how to use massive trajectory data and spatial-temporal context information effectively to mine the user’s mobility pattern and predict the users’ next location is still unresolved. In this paper, we propose a novel network named STSAN, which can integrate spatial-temporal information with the self-attention for location prediction. In STSAN, we design a trajectory attention module to learn users’ (...) dynamic trajectory representation, which includes three modules: location attention, which captures the location sequential transitions with self-attention; spatial attention, which captures user’s preference for geographic location; and temporal attention, which captures the user temporal activity preference. Finally, extensive experiments on four real-world check-ins datasets are designed to verify the effectiveness of our proposed method. Experimental results show that spatial-temporal information can effectively improve the performance of the model. Our method STSAN gains about 39.8% Acc@1 and 4.4% APR improvements against the strongest baseline on New York City dataset. (shrink)

System security is essential for the operation of the island microgrid. However, the system security is generally threatened due to the presence of physical uncertainties and cyber attacks. In this article, a novel sliding mode load control strategy is proposed for the microgrid to mitigate cyber attacks and physical uncertainties. Firstly, a high-order disturbance observer is designed to estimate the unmeasurable factors in the microgrid. Secondly, a HODO-based sliding mode control strategy is proposed where the estimated value observed by the (...) HODO is applied to the sliding mode surface and control law. It can better guarantee the security of the isolated microgrid. Then, the stability of the HODO-based SMC is demonstrated by Lyapunov stability theory. Finally, simulation results show that the proposed control strategy has excellent control performance. (shrink)

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English. 譚傑志 (JosephTham) 教授在其〈生命倫理學：跨文化的探索〉一文中對宗教在生命倫理學研究中被邊緣化的學術現象表達不滿。他提出如下主張作為結論： (p)宗教可以為生命倫理學提出融貫的、實質性的和有意義的提議。(譚傑志 2022,33) 如果我對文章的論證結構沒有把握錯誤，這個命題的得出，首要地得益於如下3個命題的合取…… (撮要取自內文首段) This short commentary focuses on the argumentative structure of Joseph Tham's paper “Bioethics: Cross-Cultural Explorations” and argues against his central assertion that “religion can make a coherent, substantive, and significant proposal for bioethics.” I will first reconstruct Tham's argument on his central assertion, then borrow some key propositions from Tham himself and apply them against his own argument, after which I will provide (...) concluding remarks about his argument. (shrink)

This study examines the specifics of the theme of the anti-Japanese war in Chinese art at various stages from the 1930s to the beginning of the XXI century. The key works of graphic artists and painters are selected as the material, which mark the key points of the evolution of the topic under consideration. Images in Chinese art associated with the events of the anti-Japanese War or the "War of Resistance" have been created by artists for more than seven decades, (...) changing and transforming in accordance with political, ideological, socio-cultural and artistic-stylistic factors. This topic is extremely important for the people, since it was she who gave the art of the newly born New China in the XX century a historical dimension, determined the measure of responsibility of Chinese artists to society and partly the aesthetic paradigm of the evolution of the arts. Moreover, it has served and continues to serve as a source of inspiration for new generations of masters of historical painting, especially battle artists. As a result of the analysis and generalization, four stages are distinguished. The first one is connected with the work of wartime graphs, which recorded the most important moments of the confrontation between the two armies and peoples, determining the general realistic orientation in the development of the theme and its iconography. The middle of the century is the time of the establishment of images associated with the anti-Japanese war as the main line in Chinese painting, the appearance of multi-figure subject canvases, including in the battle genre. The last third of the XX century is defined as the period of transition from the glorification of events to the embodiment of the understanding of that war as a national tragedy, as well as the enrichment of romanticized realism with new artistic forms. At the beginning of the new century, artists tended to create large-scale canvases, saturating them with complex symbolic meanings and details. Such changes indicate the continuation of the evolution of the topic under study and its further transformations. (shrink)

Adaptive dynamic programming, which belongs to the field of computational intelligence, is a powerful tool to address optimal control problems. To overcome the bottleneck of solving Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equations, several state-of-the-art ADP approaches are reviewed in this paper. First, two model-based offline iterative ADP methods including policy iteration and value iteration are given, and their respective advantages and shortcomings are discussed in detail. Second, the multistep heuristic dynamic programming method is introduced, which avoids the requirement of initial admissible control and achieves (...) fast convergence. This method successfully utilizes the advantages of PI and VI and overcomes their drawbacks at the same time. Finally, the discrete-time optimal control strategy is tested on a power system. (shrink)