In non-well-founded set theory, which anti-foundation axiom is philosophically justified, BAFA, FAFA, SAFA, AFA, or some other one? In this paper, we investigate a general approach to answering this question: first, considering which identity condition for sets is justified; second, considering which anti-foundation axiom it justifies. Specifically, we study in detail two plausible identity conditions, $ \text{IC}_{1} $ and $ \text{IC}_{2} $: we show that $ \text{IC}_{2} $ justifies $ \text{FAFA}_{2} $ and $ \text{IC}_{1} $ justifies AFA, and argue for (...) AFA by offering an argument for $ \text{IC}_{1} $. (shrink)

Moral responsibility is one of the core concepts in engineering ethics and consequently in most engineering ethics education. Yet, despite a growing awareness that engineers should be trained to become more sensitive to cultural differences, most engineering ethics education is still based on Western approaches. In this article, we discuss the notion of responsibility in Confucianism and explore what a Confucian perspective could add to the existing engineering ethics literature. To do so, we analyse the Citicorp case, a widely discussed (...) case in the existing engineering ethics literature, from a Confucian perspective. Our comparison suggests the following. When compared to virtue ethics based on Aristotle, Confucianism focuses primarily on ethical virtues; there is no explicit reference to intellectual virtues. An important difference between Confucianism and most western approaches is that Confucianism does not define clear boundaries of where a person’s responsibility end. It also suggests that the gap between Western and at least one Eastern approach, namely Confucianism, can be bridged. Although there are differences, the Confucian view and a virtue-based Western view on moral responsibility have much in common, which allows for a promising base for culturally inclusive ethics education for engineers. (shrink)

Background Nurses’ innovative behaviors play an irreplaceable role in advancing nursing practice, improving healthcare service quality, and driving transformation in the nursing profession. However, existing studies on the factors influencing nurses’ innovative behaviors and their underlying mechanisms remain limited, necessitating further investigation. Objective This study investigated the impact of ethical leadership on nurses’ innovative behaviors, examining the mediating roles of innovative climate and self-efficacy. Research design This is a multicenter longitudinal study with three-wave data collection (February–August 2024) following STROBE guidelines. (...) Structural equation modeling was employed to examine mediation effects. Participants and research context A total of 1,522 nurses from 16 tertiary hospitals in China completed baseline assessments (T1), with 1,409 (T2) and 1,298 (T3) completing follow-ups. Participants were registered nurses with ≥1 year of experience, sampled through stratified cluster sampling across clinical departments. Ethical considerations approved by the Henan University Biomedical Research Ethics Committee (HUSOM2023-478). Participants provided informed consent, data were collected anonymously, and confidentiality was maintained throughout. Results Ethical leadership significantly predicted innovative behavior (β = 0.334, 95% CI [0.284,0.386]). Both innovative climate (β = 0.059 [0.046, 0.072]) and self-efficacy (β = 0.017 [0.011, 0.023]) served as partial mediators, with a significant chain mediation effect (β = 0.021 [0.015, 0.027]) accounting for 4.87% of total effect. Conclusion Ethical leadership not only directly promotes nurses’ innovative behaviors but also strengthens this effect indirectly through the chain-mediated roles of innovative climate and self-efficacy. Enhancing ethical leadership can optimize the innovative climate in nursing departments and improve nurses’ self-efficacy, thereby effectively fostering their innovative behaviors. (shrink)

Background With the widespread adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare and nursing, nurses’ subjective perception of AI has become a key indicator of their professional adaptability. However, the underlying mechanisms shaping this perception remain insufficiently understood. This study adopts a dual-perspective approach, integrating organizational management and individual psychology, to investigate the synergistic role of ethical leadership and moral sensitivity in facilitating nurses’ technological adaptation. The findings provide new insights into the development of a supportive and ethically grounded nursing work (...) environment in the digital era. Objective To examine how ethical leadership influences nurses’ AI perception over time and the mediating role of moral sensitivity. Methods Data were collected in three waves from 584 nurses across six tertiary hospitals in China. Cross-lagged panel modeling and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the temporal predictive pathways and mediating mechanisms among the key variables. Results Ethical leadership measured at Time 1 (T1) significantly and positively predicted AI perception at Time 2 (T2; β = 0.25, p <.001) and Time 3 (T3; β = 0.26, p <.001) and also significantly enhanced nurses’ moral sensitivity (T2: β = 0.36, p <.001; T3: β = 0.18, p <.001). Further mediation analysis revealed that moral sensitivity at T2 partially mediated the effect of ethical leadership on AI perception at T3, accounting for 18.50% of the total effect. These results highlight a synergistic mechanism between the organizational ethical climate and individual moral resources in the process of adapting to AI technologies. Conclusions Ethical leadership and moral sensitivity jointly promote nurses’ understanding and acceptance of AI systems, thereby strengthening their psychological adaptability and professional integration during technological transitions. These factors serve as essential supports for fostering a healthy nursing work environment. (shrink)

Certain populations face challenges in accessing online health information, leading to the emergence of Proxy Online Health Information Seeking (Proxy OHIS). Due to their close contact with patients and medical knowledge, nursing interns frequently encounter requests from patients to perform Proxy OHIS, which presents various ethical challenges. Currently, no research specifically focuses on nursing interns within the context of their Proxy OHIS activities. This study aims to explore the ethical decision-making processes of nursing interns when engaging in Proxy OHIS for (...) patients during their clinical practice and to analyze the associated ethical challenges, thereby contributing to improved ethical decision-making among nursing students. This qualitative study was guided by a constructivist paradigm. Rest’s Four-Component Model of ethical decision-making served as the theoretical framework for examining the decision-making process. Participants were recruited via purposive sampling from a tertiary Grade A hospital in Zibo between August and September 2025. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with eligible participants until data saturation was achieved. The study involved nursing interns at multiple educational levels (diploma, bachelor’s, and postgraduate) from eight different universities. Data were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using Graneheim and Lundman’s conventional qualitative content analysis approach with NVivo 14.0 software. A total of 18 nursing interns participated. Content analysis identified four primary categories: “Identifying ethical issues and risks”, “Formulating appropriate ethical judgments”, “Balancing multiple ethical motivations” and “Implementing prudent behavioral strategies”. Guided by Rest’s Four-Component Model, this study revealed that nursing interns encounter a range of ethical challenges throughout their decision-making process when performing Proxy OHIS for patients. These challenges span the entire process, from initial issue recognition to the implementation of final actions. To address these challenges effectively, interventions should focus on two key areas: ethics and online health information seeking. In the future, nursing education stakeholders can build a comprehensive ethical support system, including establishing structured supervision protocols for handling Proxy OHIS requests. (shrink)

Background Nurses’ innovative behavior serves as a crucial driver for organizational improvement and technological advancement. However, the demanding nature of the nursing work environment (characterized by high intensity, risk, and pressure) hinders the sustained development and quality of such innovation. Investigating the factors influencing nurses’ innovative behavior is therefore essential for enhancing overall nursing quality and patient recovery outcomes, yet research on these factors and their underlying mechanisms remains limited. Aim To examine the effect of ethical leadership on nurses’ innovative (...) behavior and explore the longitudinal mediating role of moral sensitivity. Design A longitudinal mediated follow-up study with three waves (January–July 2024). Participants: and research Context 397 nurses from three Chinese hospitals via multicenter stratified cluster sampling. Inclusion criteria: registered nurses with ≥1 year of experience. Ethical considerations Approved by the relevant Ethics Subcommittee. Anonymous surveys with informed consent; voluntary participation. Findings Significant positive correlations existed between innovative behavior and both ethical leadership and moral sensitivity at each time point (T1, T2, T3). Longitudinal path analysis demonstrated that T1 ethical leadership significantly predicted T2 moral sensitivity (β = 0.26, p <.001), T2 moral sensitivity significantly predicted T3 innovative behavior (β = 0.24, p <.001), and T1 ethical leadership significantly predicted T3 innovative behavior (β = 0.14, p <.001). Moral sensitivity significantly mediated the relationship between ethical leadership and innovative behavior, accounting for 30.24% of the total effect. Discussion Ethical leadership fosters innovation both directly (through psychological safety) and indirectly by strengthening moral sensitivity, which empowers nurses to identify ethical dilemmas and develop novel solutions. Conclusions Healthcare institutions should cultivate ethical leadership in nurse managers and implement moral sensitivity training (e.g., ethics case discussions) to sustainably promote nurses’ innovative behavior and care quality. (shrink)

Journal of Social Philosophy, EarlyView.

This study investigates affective meanings expressed in facial expressions and bodily gestures from a semiotic perspective. Particularly, the study focuses on disentangling relations of affective meanings and exploring the meaning potential of facial expressions and bodily gestures. Based on the analysis of over three hundred screenshots from two films (one animation and one live-action film), this study proposes a system of visual affect, as well as a system of visual resources involved in the expression of visual affect. The system of (...) visual affect makes a further step in the investigation of affective meanings afforded by facial expressions and bodily gestures, and can provide methodological insights into the examination of affective meanings expressed visually. The system of visual resources provides a more meaning-motivated framework for systematic tracking of the visual resources, which may be applied to the analysis of other visual media apart from films. (shrink)

This study examines the impact of culture on regulation and corruption. Our empirical results suggest that cultural values have significant effects on countries’ regulatory policies, levels of corruption, and economic development. Contrary to the conclusions drawn by others, this study shows no significant relationship between the regulatory policies of countries and their perceived levels of corruption. Thus, evidence of the “public choice view” toward entry regulation derived in related studies seems to be at least attenuated.

We define a notion of conditional inaccessibility of a decision between two actions represented by two utility functions defined in a finite probability space, where the decision is based on the order of the expected values of the two utility functions: a decision making Agent preferring the action with the higher expected utility. The conditional inaccessibility expresses that the decision cannot be obtained if the expectation values of the utility functions are calculated using the Jeffrey conditional probability defined by a (...) prior and by partial evidence about the probability that determines the decision. Examples of conditionally inaccessible decisions are given, and it is shown that if a conditionally inaccessible decision exists in a probability space, then there exists a continuum number of conditionally inaccessible decisions in that probability space. Open questions and conjectures about the conditional inaccessibility of decisions are formulated. The results are interpreted as showing the crucial role of priors in Bayesian taming of epistemic uncertainties about probabilities that determine decisions based on utility maximizing. (shrink)

Soil is an essential part of urban foodscapes. While community gardens have received attention as parts of this foodscape, the role of experienced gardeners in the everyday transformation of human-soil relations is underexamined. This paper traces an action research project aimed at connecting human-soil relations with the “30 by 30” national food security policy that is part of the Singapore Green Plan 2030. Based on a collaboration initiated by a community group with the National Parks Board of Singapore, this paper (...) introduces the concept of “soil companions”, and presents the qualitative findings of a larger 36-month study. It examines the practices of experienced gardeners who build soil as bioinfrastructure. A thematic analysis of interviews with five soil companions–gardeners employing soil regeneration practices–in Singapore was conducted. We discuss the ecological and social dimensions of their practices, and implications for soil and food security policies for an increasingly urban world. We raise future directions for research on foodscapes, public health, and global commodity chains. (shrink)

ESG rating disagreement (ESGRD) is derived from ESG ratings. Research on its impact on corporate sustainable development strategies can help better understand and promote the development of the Chinese ESG industry, thus providing useful references for developing countries worldwide. This study uses data from Chinese A-share listed companies from 2015 to 2023 as the sample, applies the fraud triangle theory to analyze the impact of ESGRD on corporate greenwashing behavior, and examines the moderating effects of media attention and environmental regulation (...) based on institutional theory. The results reveal that ESGRD exacerbates corporate greenwashing behavior. The mechanism analysis indicates that ESGRD induces corporate greenwashing behavior through increasing financing constraints, enhancing information asymmetry, and exacerbating managerial myopia. The moderating effect analysis finds that both media attention (an informal institution) and environmental regulation (a formal institution) have negative moderating effects, which can weaken the positive impact of ESGRD on corporate greenwashing behavior. The heterogeneity analysis shows that the positive impact of ESGRD on greenwashing is more significant in non-heavily polluting industries and enterprises with low foreign investor shareholdings. An extended analysis reports that ESGRD exhibits significant spillover effects, exacerbating the greenwashing behavior of other firms in the same industry and province. The conclusions not only expand the research scope on the economic consequences of ESGRD but also hold significant implications for standardizing ESG rating criteria, driving corporate green transformation, and fostering sustainable development. (shrink)

We define a notion of conditional inaccessibility of a decision between two actions represented by two utility functions defined in a finite probability space, where the decision is based on the order of the expected values of the two utility functions: a decision making Agent preferring the action with the higher expected utility. The conditional inaccessibility expresses that the decision cannot be obtained if the expectation values of the utility functions are calculated using the Jeffrey conditional probability defined by a (...) prior and by partial evidence about the probability that determines the decision. Examples of conditionally inaccessible decisions are given, and it is shown that if a conditionally inaccessible decision exists in a probability space, then there exists a continuum number of conditionally inaccessible decisions in that probability space. Open questions and conjectures about the conditional inaccessibility of decisions are formulated. The results are interpreted as showing the crucial role of priors in Bayesian taming of epistemic uncertainties about probabilities that determine decisions based on utility maximizing. (shrink)

Electromechanical actuators are more and more widely used as actuation devices in flight control system of aircrafts and helicopters. The reliability of EMAs is vital because it will cause serious accidents if the malfunction of EMAs occurs, so it is significant to detect and diagnose the fault of EMAs timely. However, EMAs often run under variable conditions in realistic environment, and the vibration signals of EMAs are nonlinear and nonstationary, which make it difficult to effectively achieve fault diagnosis. This paper (...) proposed a fault diagnosis method of electromechanical actuators based on variational mode decomposition multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis and probabilistic neural network. First, the vibration signals were decomposed by VMD into a number of intrinsic mode functions. Second, the multifractal features hidden in IMFs were extracted by using MFDFA, and the generalized Hurst exponents were selected as the feature vectors. Then, the principal component analysis was introduced to realize dimension reduction of the extracted feature vectors. Finally, the probabilistic neural network was utilized to classify the fault modes. The experimental results show that this method can effectively achieve the fault diagnosis of EMAs even under diffident working conditions. Simultaneously, the diagnosis performance of the proposed method in this paper has an advantage over that of EMD-MFDFA method for feature extraction. (shrink)

Eye-tracking technology has become a powerful tool for biomedical-related applications due to its simplicity of operation and low requirements on patient language skills. This study aims to use the machine-learning models and deep-learning networks to identify key features of eye movements in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) under specific visual tasks, thereby facilitating computer-aided diagnosis of AD. Firstly, a three-dimensional (3D) visuospatial memory task is designed to provide participants with visual stimuli while their eye-movement data are recorded and used to build an (...) eye-tracking dataset. Then, we propose a novel deep-learning-based model for identifying patients with Alzheimer's Disease (PwAD) and healthy controls (HCs) based on the collected eye-movement data. The proposed model utilizes a nested autoencoder network to extract the eye-movement features from the generated fixation heatmaps and a weight adaptive network layer for the feature fusion, which can preserve as much useful information as possible for the final binary classification. To fully verify the performance of the proposed model, we also design two types of models based on traditional machine-learning and typical deep-learning for comparison. Furthermore, we have also done ablation experiments to verify the effectiveness of each module of the proposed network. Finally, these models are evaluated by four-fold cross-validation on the built eye-tracking dataset. The proposed model shows 85% average accuracy in AD recognition, outperforming machine-learning methods and other typical deep-learning networks. (shrink)

In this study, we aimed to address three comments proposed by Ogihara on a recent study where we found that unique names in China have become increasingly popular from 1950 to 2009. Using a large representative sample of Chinese names, we replicated the increase in uniqueness of Chinese names from 1920 to 2005, especially since the 1970s, with multiple uniqueness indices based on name-character frequency and name-length deviation. Over the years, Chinese characters that are rare in daily life or naming (...) practice were more often used in given names, and the length of given names became more deviant from typical practice. Taken together, these findings not only reconfirmed the increasing prevalence of unique names but also demonstrated the validity of various indices in assessing name uniqueness in China. (shrink)

In the eighth century, Wu Jing selected exchanges between Emperor Taizong and his ministers that he deemed key to good governance. This collection of dialogues has been used for the education of emperors, political elites and general readers ever since, and is a standard reference work in East Asian political thought. Consisting of ten volumes, subdivided into forty topics, The Essentials of Governance addresses core themes of Chinese thinking about the politics of power, from the body politic, presenting and receiving (...) criticism, recruitment, the education of the imperial clan, political virtues and vices, to cultural policy, agriculture, law, taxation, border policy, and how to avoid disaster and dynastic fall. Presented with introductory commentary that offers insights into its historical context and global reception, this accessible and reliable translation brings together ten scholars of Chinese intellectual history to offer a nuanced edition that preserves the organisation, tone and flow of the original. (shrink)

This article explores two predominant conceptions of reading – the Aristotelian framework from the Western traditions and the holistic dynamic approach rooted in Chinese philosophies. The Aristotelian conception emphasizes truth-seeking, knowledge acquisition, and self-fulfilment through a linear, teleological process. In contrast, the holistic dynamic conception, informed primarily by Confucian and Daoist texts, views reading as an ongoing, cyclical process of transformation, moral cultivation, and alignment with the broader milieu. Rather than treating these frameworks as oppositional, I propose a synthetic conception (...) of reading that integrates both perspectives. This synthesis combines the pursuit of stable truths with the adaptability and moral cultivation central to the holistic dynamic approach. This article argues that such a combined framework offers a richer, more comprehensive understanding of reading as a practice that shapes individuals and societies alike. This approach holds significant implications for contemporary political theory, fostering more resilient and engaged political agents through transformative reading practices. (shrink)

Although lean search is seen as an important action in lean startup, previous studies have less knowledge on how to realize it, especially in the face of traditional plans that cannot cope with sudden changes in the environment. To fill the research gap, this study investigates the effects of improvisation on lean search. Meanwhile, this research also discusses the moderating effects of entrepreneurial team heterogeneity and the environmental uncertainty to identify the boundary conditions of this relationship. Supported by the cross-sectional (...) data from 203 Chinese startups, the results show that explorative and ambidextrous improvisation are positively associated with lean search. However, the effect of exploitative improvisation on lean search is unsupported. Additionally, technology uncertainty positively moderates the relationship between exploitative improvisation and lean search. Market uncertainty positively moderates the relationship between explorative improvisation and lean search. However, the entrepreneurial team heterogeneity negatively moderates the relationship between ambidextrous improvisation and lean search. These findings contribute to understanding how startups could conduct lean search in a rapidly changing environment, which provides theoretical guidance for improving the success rate of startups. (shrink)

Auxin is a key regulator of plant developmental processes. Its effects on transcription are mediated by the AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR (ARF) family of transcription factors. ARFs tightly control specific auxin responses necessary for proper plant growth and development. Recent research has revealed that regulated ARF protein accumulation and ARF nucleo‐cytoplasmic partitioning can determine auxin transcriptional outputs. In this review, we explore these recent findings and consider the potential for regulated ARF accumulation in driving auxin responses in plants.

Since Leibniz first put forward the sufficient reason law in his philosophical work "The Monadology" (1914), the issue of the law of sufficient reason has aroused heated discussions in the field of logic in our country. The question of whether the law of sufficient reason is the basic law of formal logic was particularly heated in the domestic logic circle in 1978-1980. Since then, there has been little discussion, but from the newly compiled formal logic textbooks published one after another, (...) no consensus has been reached. Although they didn't agree on the question of "whether or not", the two sides elaborated their arguments in detail and put forward some new opinions, thus creating new conditions for solving this problem scientifically. Firstly, this paper analyzes the different viewpoints of both sides of the argument. Secondly, it analyzes whether the law of sufficient reason is the basic law of formal logic from whether Leibniz put forward the law of sufficient reason. Finally, on this basis, a new transformation method is put forward. After this transformation, the law of sufficient reason is an important basic law of deductive logic, which can be juxtaposed with the other three logical laws, such as identity, and coordinated with the "three laws" and complement each other. (shrink)

Drawing on the theory of engagement, the present study aims to examine the outcomes of the co-creation experience in a realistic co-creation setting, a hotpot restaurant. To this end, the current research links the relationship marketing literature to hospitality and tourism research and formulates a novel framework by incorporating tourists’ co-creation experience, brand evangelism, brand trust, and brand passion in an integrated conceptual model. Using a quantitative research design, a total of 453 international tourists were surveyed in China. The findings (...) revealed that co-creation experience dimensions positively impact brand evangelism, trust, and passion. Additionally, we found that brand trust and brand passion positively affect brand evangelism. We also confirmed the mediating effect of brand trust and brand passion in bridging the co-creation experience and brand evangelism. This study offers valuable insights for restaurant brand managers regarding attracting and engaging foreign travelers with their service businesses. (shrink)

In this paper, a lightweight and modular design of a quadruped robot with two-degree-of-freedom parallel legs is presented. To reduce the weight and enhance the transmission accuracy, the horizontal layout of the driving end is adopted for designing the legs of the quadruped robot. The rotation angle of each actuator for the quadruped robot is analyzed by the inverse kinematics algorithm. Moreover, the trajectory of the foot-end, including support and swing phases, is planned to reduce the impact between the foot-end (...) and the ground. Furthermore, the gait of the four legs of the quadruped robot is designed by considering the conditions of trot, standing, take-off, and walking. Finally, the effectiveness of the foot-end trajectory and the stable gait is verified by conducting experiments on a prototype platform. (shrink)

Alcohol use disorder is one of the most common substance use disorders contributing to both behavioral and cognitive impairments in patients with AUD. Recent neuroimaging studies point out that AUD is a typical disorder featured by altered functional connectivity. However, the details about how voxel-wise functional coordination remain unknown. Here, we adopted a newly proposed method named functional connectivity density to depict altered voxel-wise functional coordination in AUD. The novel functional imaging technique, FCD, provides a comprehensive analytical method for brain's (...) “scale-free” networks. We applied resting-state functional MRI toward subjects to obtain their FCD, including global FCD, local FCD, and long-range FCD. Sixty-one patients with AUD and 29 healthy controls were recruited, and patients with AUD were further divided into alcohol-related cognitive impairment group and non-cognitive impairment group. All subjects were asked to stay stationary during the scan in order to calculate the resting-state gFCD, lFCD, and lrFCD values, and further investigate the abnormal connectivity alterations among AUD-NCI, ARCI, and HC. Compared to HC, both AUD groups exhibited significantly altered gFCD in the left inferior occipital lobe, left calcarine, altered lFCD in right lingual, and altered lrFCD in ventromedial frontal gyrus. It is notable that gFCD of the ARCI group was found to be significantly deviated from AUD-NCI and HC in left medial frontal gyrus, which changes probably contributed by the impairment in cognition. In addition, no significant differences in gFCD were found between ARCI and HC in left parahippocampal, while ARCI and HC were profoundly deviated from AUD-NCI, possibly reflecting a compensation of cognition impairment. Further analysis showed that within patients with AUD, gFCD values in left medial frontal gyrus are negatively correlated with MMSE scores, while lFCD values in left inferior occipital lobe are positively related to ADS scores. In conclusion, patients with AUD exhibited significantly altered functional connectivity patterns mainly in several left hemisphere brain regions, while patients with AUD with or without cognitive impairment also demonstrated intergroup FCD differences which correlated with symptom severity, and patients with AUD cognitive impairment would suffer less severe alcohol dependence. This difference in symptom severity probably served as a compensation for cognitive impairment, suggesting a difference in pathological pathways. These findings assisted future AUD studies by providing insight into possible pathological mechanisms. (shrink)

The volitional theory of human action has formed a basis for a prominent account of voluntary behavior since at least Aquinas. But in the twentieth century the notions of will and volition lost much of their popularity in both philosophy and psychology. Gilbert Ryle’s devastating attack on the concept of will, and especially the doctrine of volition, has had lingering effects evident in the widespread hostility and skepticism towards the will and volition. Since the 1970s, however, the volitional theory has (...) received some renewed interest in the philosophy of action. Some philosophers even consider that ‘in current philosophy of action it is perhaps the most widely held view, at least regarding the immediate antecedents of action.’. (shrink)

PurposesThis paper aims to discuss the relationship between college students’ sports participation, school bullying, emotional intelligence and self-esteem. At the same time, it explores the intrinsic mechanisms of school bullying, in order to provide a reference for reducing bullying phenomenon among college students, and pave the way for college students to lead happy, healthy and confident lives.MethodsA total of 1,317 students from four universities in Southwest China were selected as subjects for this survey. They were selected by stratified random sampling, (...) and the data needed was obtained using a structured questionnaire. The data was subsequently processed with statistical software SPSS19.0 and AMOS21.0.Results Sports participation has a significant and positive correlation with emotional intelligence and self-esteem, likewise, it has a significant negative correlation with school bullying. Emotional intelligence has a marked positive correlation with self-esteem, at the same time it has a significant negative correlation with school bullying. In addition, self-esteem is strongly negative correlated with school bullying. Sports participation has a direct effect on school bullying. Emotional intelligence and self-esteem also play a significant mediating role between sports participation and school bullying, and the chain mediating force of emotional intelligence—self-esteem also reaches a significant level.ConclusionSports participation affects school bullying among college students not only directly but also indirectly, such as through emotional intelligence, the mediating role of self-esteem, and the chain mediating role of emotional intelligence to self-esteem. Apart from sports participation, emotional intelligence is another key factor that affects college students’ school bullying. Therefore, while attaching great importance to college students’ sport participation, schools should also provide courses aimed at developing students’ emotional intelligence. (shrink)

Hengxian, one of the bamboo books of the Chu State during the Warring States Period that is kept in the Shanghai Museum, was collected by the museum in 1994, and is an important piece of literature that discusses cosmic issues prior to Huainanzi. Based on Li Ling's work on the text, as well as hermeneutic work by some other scholars, this essay represents another attempt to determine the words and meanings of the Hengxian, with a focus on its cosmological commentary. (...) /// "恒先" 是上海博物馆藏战国楚竹书中的一篇， 1994年入藏上海博物馆。该 文是 "淮南子" 之前讨论宇宙问题的重要文献。依据李零整理的本子与其他学者的 释读，可以对 "恒先" 文义重新加以梳理，并从宇宙论的角度进行新的思想阐释。. (shrink)

This paper is aimed at the problems of low accuracy, long recognition time, and low recognition efficiency in English speech recognition. In order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of English speech recognition, an improved ant colony algorithm is used to deal with the dynamic time planning problem. The core is to adopt an adaptive volatilization coefficient and dynamic pheromone update strategy for the basic ant colony algorithm. Using new state transition rules and optimal ant parameter selection and other improved (...) methods, the best path can be found in a shorter time and the execution efficiency can be improved. Simulation experiments tested the recognition rates of traditional ant colony algorithm and improved ant colony algorithm. The results show that the global search ability and accuracy of improved ant colony algorithm are better than traditional algorithms, which can effectively improve the efficiency of English speech recognition system. (shrink)

Objective: Cognitive impairment is a common neurological complication in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. Brain network analysis based on graph theory is a promising tool for studying CI. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze the changes of functional brain networks in patients on MHD with and without CI by using graph theory and further explore the underlying neuropathological mechanism of CI in these patients.Methods: A total of 39 patients on MHD and 25 healthy controls (...) matched for age, sex, and years of education were enrolled in the study. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and T1-weighted high-resolution anatomical data were obtained, and functional brain networks for each subject were constructed. The brain network parameters at the global and regional levels were calculated, and a one-way analysis of covariance was used to compare the differences across the three groups. The associations between the changed graph-theory parameters and cognitive function scores in patients on MHD were evaluated using Spearman correlation analysis.Results: Compared with HCs, the global parameters [sigma, gamma, and local efficiency ] in both patient groups decreased significantly. The clustering coefficient in patients with CI was significantly lower than that in the other two groups. The regional parameters were significantly lower in the right superior frontal gyrus, dorsolateral and gyrus rectus of patients with CI than those of patients without CI; however the nodal local efficiency in the left amygdala was significantly increased. The global Cp and regional parameters in the three brain regions were significantly correlated with the cognitive function scores.Conclusion: This study confirmed that the topology of the functional brain network was disrupted in patients on MHD with and without CI and the disruption of brain network was more severe in patients with CI. The abnormal brain network parameters are closely related to cognitive function in patients on MHD. (shrink)

In studies investigating the property value enhancements along metro lines, study ranges in most cases are measured in Euclidean distance. However, city roads are not always straight, and Euclidean distance sometimes does not equal to actual distance the passenger travels from the public transport station to their home or a commercial spot. To solve this problem, this study analyzed the indicators affecting commercial property value in metro station accessible area in Xi’an, using walking time consumption in measuring the study range. (...) Following a conceptual framework, considering empirical evidences in related studies, information in city structure, and metro distribution, the initial indicator set is built. Using hedonic price model, spatial autoregressive model, and error term, significant indicators affecting commercial property value are investigated. In this study, 14 significant indicators are determined and quantified. Threshold distance equals to 900 m is found to be appropriate in addressing the autocorrelation problem with the weighted decision matrix tool. Compared to HPM and SEM, SAR is found to perform the best in evaluating the significant indicators with the largest R2 and the lowest Akaike Info Criterion. Besides, it is discovered that the value of the commercial property lies in the study range of 20 min walking time and is obviously influenced by the metro station. The results discovered in this study could provide some empirical evidences to commercial property planning in Xi’an. (shrink)

The amazing rise of digital currency is not only favored by investors but also attractive to lawbreakers for its anonymity and decentralization. This paper mainly discusses the intelligent digital currency and dynamic coding service system based on Internet of Things technology. In this paper, the RDCAR algorithm is used to realize the routing discovery process of the wireless network. When the intermediate node receives the RREQ message, first of all, to avoid the loop, it checks whether the same RREQ message (...) has been introduced. If it has received it, it will discard it. Otherwise, it will cache the message and attach its own neighbor node list to the signal-to-noise ratio of the channel link, update the RREQ message, and broadcast it. The payment cipher is managed by the bank. When the user opens an account, the bank registers and sends it to the user. The key is generated by the algorithm chip, and the public key is kept in the bank background server. When the bill is delivered to the bank, the bank inputs all the elements on the bill on the counter terminal and transmits it to the verification machine for verification through the bank network. If the verification is correct, it indicates that the bill is indeed issued by the customer, and all bill elements are correct, and payment can be made. The node operation protocol of public chain and alliance chain maintains the operation of the Internet of Things system. The nodes of alliance chain generate new blocks according to the interval of 30 s. When the node fails to complete the block generation within 30 s, it will rotate to the next node. The mkfile command is used to generate 16b, 1 KB, 1 MB, and 1 GB files as input. The peak speed of the encoding service system is about 370 mb/s. The results show that the system designed in this study is robust and suitable for complex trading environment. (shrink)

Cognitive Science, Volume 45, Issue 11, November 2021.

Conventional methods for fault diagnosis typically require a substantial amount of training data. However, for equipment with high reliability, it is arduous to form a large-scale well-annotated dataset due to the expense of data acquisition and costly annotation. Besides, the generated data have a large number of redundant features which degraded the performance of models. To overcome this, we proposed a feature transfer scenario that transfers knowledge from similar fields to enhance the accuracy of fault diagnosis with small sample. To (...) reduces the redundant information, data were filtered according to manifold consistency. Then, features were extracted based on CNN and feature transfer was conducted. For adequate fitness, the joint adaptation of conditional distribution and marginal distribution was used between the two domains. Minimum structural risk and MMD of adaptation were two indicators weighted for training the model. To test the efficiency of the model, we built an airborne fuel pump testbed, and contributed a new dataset that contained 15 categories of fault data, which serves as the small sample dataset in this research. Then the proposed model was applied in our experimental data. As a result, the fault diagnosis rate increases by 28.6% through our proposed model, which is more precise than other classical methods. The results of feature visualization further demonstrate that the features are more distinguished through the proposed method. All code and data are accessible on my GitHub. (shrink)

Theoretical researchers of manager psychology have excellent potential to extend its research framework to more enterprise application areas, such as innovation, performance, and safety in production. Research in these areas has also been increasing in the past 10 years. Psychological capital is composed of four aspects: self-efficacy, hope, optimism, and tenacity. It plays an essential role in stimulating organizational growth and improving organizational performance. In safety management work, managers, as the core members of the organization, have a relationship between their (...) psychological capital and employees’ safety performance. Nevertheless, the closeness of the relationship between psychological capital and employee safety performance has not been fully demonstrated by academic circles. Based on positive psychology theory, this paper conducts a questionnaire survey of 157 managers and 314 employees related to safety work in manufacturing enterprises. From the new perspective of organizational emotional capability, this paper investigates the complex and extensive social-psychological role in organizations and combs, analyzes, and integrates relevant psychological research to construct the influence mechanism of managers’ psychological capital and employee safety performance. Finally, the three important issues found based on data analysis were: Managers’ psychological capital has a significant positive impact both on employee safety performance and organizational emotional capability; Organizational emotional capability has a significant positive impact on employee safety performance; organizational emotional capability plays a partial mediating role in the relationship between managers’ psychological capital and employee safety performance. (shrink)

BackgroundVaccination has been considered one of the most effective public health interventions. In the context of the global epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019, it remains unclear what role general vaccination attitudes and perceptions have on the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine.ObjectiveThis study aims to explore the impact of general attitudes and perceptions toward vaccination on the acceptance of a newly developed vaccine, taking COVID-19 vaccines as an example.MethodA cross-sectional survey was conducted among 2,013 Chinese adult participants. Generalized order logistic regression and (...) path analysis models were used to analyze impacts of general attitudes and perceptions toward vaccination on the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine.ResultsThe prevalence of hesitancy to vaccination in general is 49.9% among the Chinese adult population. General perceptions of vaccination were associated with corresponding perceptions of the COVID-19 vaccine. A “no hesitancy” attitude toward vaccination is a significant determinant of future COVID-19 vaccination compared to vaccine refusers, and perceptions of COVID-19 vaccine remain a significant determinant for the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine. Path analysis indicates that perceptions of the importance and safety of vaccination have a positive overall effect on the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine, and that general perceptions of vaccination as a whole on each measure indirectly influence the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine.ConclusionGeneral attitudes and perceptions toward vaccination were associated with those of the COVID-19 vaccine and future vaccination intention. To prepare for possible emergence of diseases in the future, routine health campaigns should be launched by relevant government departments and vaccination authorities to enhance the overall awareness and knowledge of vaccination among the public and to ensure optimal vaccination experience. In addition, targeted knowledge dissemination and mass mobilizations should be urged for newly developed vaccines when some specific infectious diseases emerge, such as COVID-19 at present. (shrink)

Distant brand extension as an essential strategy of obtaining benefits was highly focused on the normal marketing practice and academic research. In the current study, we aim to recognize that how individuals with different levels of empathy respond to distant extensions under corporate social responsibility and corporate competence associations to explore the corresponding neural mechanisms using event-related potentials. We divided subjects into two groups involving a high empathy group and a low empathy group according to an empathy measure questionnaire. The (...) subjects first faced a brand name following the CSR or CC association descriptions, and then, they were asked to evaluate the new product of brand by a five-point scale. Current results revealed that the participants of the HE group were more apt to accept the distant extension products than those of the LE group. Additionally, in the HE group, products from a brand with CSR associations were more acceptable than CC associations. Moreover, a larger N2 amplitude was elicited in the LE group than in the HE group. For the LE group, an augment N2 was found under CSR than CC associations, reflecting that LE consumers might perceive conflict when evaluating distant extensions and allocate more cognitive resources to deal with CSR information. At the later stage, the HE group showed a greater P3 than the LE group. For the HE group, an increased P3 was elicited under CSR than CC associations, suggesting that empathic individuals might show motivational salience and helping willingness toward distant extension products, especially under the CSR scenario. These results provide potential electrophysiological evidence for the positive impact of brand associations on the evaluation of distant brand extension in the case of subdividing different empathic individuals. (shrink)