While a growing number of firms are being evaluated on environment, social and governance criteria by sustainability rating agencies, comparatively little is known about companies’ responses. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with companies operating in Italy, the present paper seeks to narrow this gap in current understanding by examining how firms react to ESG ratings, and the factors influencing their response. Unique to the literature, we show that firms may react very differently to being rated, with our analysis yielding a fourfold (...) typology of corporate responses. The typology captures conformity and resistance to ratings across two dimensions of firm behaviour. We furthermore show that corporate responses depend on managers’ beliefs regarding the material benefits of adjusting to and scoring well on ESG ratings and their alignment with corporate strategy. In doing so, we challenge the idea that organisational ratings homogenise organisations and draw attention to the agency underlying corporate responses. Our findings also contribute to debates about the impact of ESG ratings, calling into question claims about their positive influence on companies’ sustainability performance. We conclude by discussing the wider empirical, theoretical and ethical implications of our paper. (shrink)

Since the enactment of the first Hong Kong bilingual ordinance in 1989, tremendous effort and resources have been put to translating English legal documents into Chinese. Long before the implementation of bilingual legislation, the provision of interpreting services has remained an entrenched practice in the courtrooms of Hong Kong. This study has adopted a corpora approach to re-examine what seems to be reasonable and routine practices of the bilingual, legal system, the impacts of bilingual legislation, translation, and interpretation on trial (...) proceedings. Results generated from the corpus show the problems of anglicized Chinese translation of the Sexual Offences Ordinance under the British Common Law system; and interpreters’ performance which is intricately bound by the discourse practices of the legal professionals as well as the ideology of the bilingual legal system in Hong Kong. (shrink)

This work seeks to understand child development and the importance of play to guide educators and parents in creating appropriate environments, promoting skills such as creativity, imagination and cooperation, through studies available at UNIR. An exploratory and selective reading of the material was conducted, focusing on research into productions that address themes of play, games, and play in child development, from the perspective of caregivers and educators. The research reveals that play is intrinsically linked to child development, extending beyond the (...) school environment and involving the family. In addition to promoting fun, playfulness facilitates cognitive, motor, emotional, and social skills. Playfulness, expressed through games and play, is culturally ingrained and facilitates a transition into the world of childhood, stimulating symbolic and interactive skills. Group play in early childhood education promotes socialization and strengthens cognitive skills. This experience also fosters autonomy and cooperation. The research highlights the importance of the educator in guiding play, which, when well-directed, facilitates social and emotional integration. In short, the findings of the research understand that play, games, and activities are essential for child development. However, there is still room for further research in this area. (shrink)

This article reconstructs Adorno's engagement with Marx not as a retreat into cultural criticism, but as immanent critique – a transformative actualization of Marxian categories under late capitalism. It identifies four commitments Adorno both inherits from Marx and reworks: human beings as historically formed ensembles of social relations, alienation as a social pathology, the persistence of class antagonism despite waning class consciousness, and ideology as materially rooted misrecognition embedded in social practices. Late capitalist forms of domination are reproduced less by (...) legitimation than by standardized cultural forms that discipline perception, desire, and judgment, rendering conformity "rational" and alternatives unintelligible. Ideology as doctrine becomes ideology as integration, supplementing the theoretical primacy of economic compulsion with the notion of a necessary subjective "surplus" to stabilize a society whose promises contradict experience. (shrink)

This paper reports a European Forum for Good Clinical Practice workshop held in 2011 to consider a research ethics committee training syllabus, subsequent training needs and resources. The syllabus that was developed was divided into four competencies: committee working; scientific method; ethical analysis and the regulatory framework. Appropriate training needs for each, with possible resources, were discussed. Lack of funding for training was reported as a major problem but affordable alternatives were debated. Strengths and weaknesses of this approach were discussed (...) and the resultant proposal will be disseminated through the European Forum for Good Clinical Practice and the research ethics committees of member states. (shrink)

Legal interpreting and translation are some of the oldest and most frequently practised bilingual activities in Hong Kong. The principles and operation of the bilingual legal system actually impinge on the legal interpreting services and the practices of legal interpreting services also in ways impact on the system itself. This study adopts a historical approach to analyse the jurisprudence and administration of legal interpreting in Hong Kong courts from 1966 to 2016, across the 1997 dividing line between British colonial rule (...) and the return of Hong Kong to the government of mainland China. It focuses on the opinions of judges and other participants in courtroom proceedings as recorded in Hong Kong case reports. It is discovered that the jurisprudence of having an interpreter to interpret for participants who do not speak the language of the court is clearly indicated and well versed in the precedents. However, there is a gap between the jurisprudence and the actual interpreting services, mainly caused by the malpractices of the concerned administration department and some of the law enforcement agents working in the frontline. (shrink)

Este artículo analiza el pensamiento de Robert Spaemann en diálogo crítico con Aristóteles, con especial atención a la relación entre naturaleza y razón. Spaemann desarrolla una propuesta original que busca superar la comprensión dialéctica moderna, sin constituir una mera restitución del aristotelismo. Frente a la disyuntiva entre ética eudemonista y deontológica, toma la comprensión teleológica aristotélica y la lleva a sus implicaciones últimas, fundamentando la moralidad en el amor benevolente. Este implica, al tiempo, un reconocimiento del otro como identidad y (...) una apertura al bien en sí. Desde esta clave, la razón no aparece como antagónica frente a la naturaleza, sino que, inserta en una continuidad teleológica, constituye su forma más plena. (shrink)

Amsterdam University Press is a leading publisher of academic books, journals and textbooks in the Humanities and Social Sciences. Our aim is to make current research available to scholars, students, innovators, and the general public. AUP stands for scholarly excellence, global presence, and engagement with the international academic community.

Los debates contemporáneos en torno a la noción del consentimiento a menudo contraponen una comprensión del mismo en términos de ley y una comprensión del mismo en términos de deseo. De la mano del diagnóstico efectuado por Michel Foucault, ambos conceptos se articulan dentro del dispositivo de sexualidad moderno del cual, según el autor, es necesario liberarse. El artículo acompaña la invitación del autor a explorar una nueva cultura del sexo que se despliegue a partir del placer y no del (...) deseo. (shrink)

“Now that it doesn’t come from the phone, where is the money coming from?” asks a member of Wazee Hukumbuka during one of the farmers’ cooperative’s community meetings. Silas, a local leader knowledgeable about community currencies, answers swiftly. “As Wazee Hukumbuka, you are paying members for their seeds from a sort of cooperative fund. That’s where the money is coming from. It’s just that you are not aware of it”. Soon after, members excitedly discuss activities and goods to include in (...) the rules governing the creation of their local money: waste collection and up-cycling into fertiliser, a member’s honey production, the work of ploughing and weeding the land. They have become aware that how their local currency is issued shapes the social, political and material space in which they live. Building on empirical material produced through individual and group interviews as well as ethnographic participation, this article analyses the process of monetary learning ignited by the transition from digital to paper of a community currency in Aboke, a rural area in Kenya. Inspired by Paolo Freire’s Pedagogy of the Oppressed, the article develops the concept of “monetary conscientization” as the process that expands the agency of users of money. In Aboke, monetary conscientization was brought about through the transparency of old technologies, which showed users of money how to relate to money politically as issuers of money. (shrink)

The publication of Oliver Marchart’s book Post-Foundational Political Thought (2009) located the discipline of post-foundationalism within the field of contemporary political philosophy. However, over the course of his various works, the author has continually expanded this discipline to the point that it can be argued that it is part of the history of contemporary philosophy. To further clarify and define the concept of post-foundationalism, this paper maps out post-foundational thought by situating the different constellations of authors whom Oliver Marchart has (...) discussed in his different works, while at the same time establishing the author’s own position within it. (shrink)

O presente artigo tem como objetivo principal caracterizar o legado de J. Chasin sobre o estatuto ontológico marxiano e a sua respectiva resolução metodológica. Para tanto, serão analisados os temas específicos que compõem a proposta inovadora do autor. São eles: a análise imanente; o significado do estatuto ontológico marxiano propriamente dito, que inclui a afamada tese das “três fontes”, como modo tradicional de atribuir às origens do pensamento de Marx; o caráter metodológico aí decorrente; as possíveis consequências da proposta chasiniana, (...) sobretudo, no que diz respeito à “metapolítica”, a formação da individualidade e, por fim, a denúncia dos limites teóricos de Lukács, principalmente em relação à “dialética do universal do articular e do singular”, que somados a outros percalços, sustenta o “vínculo lógico entre para Marx e Hegel” presente em determinas obras do filósofo húngaro. (shrink)

Ibáñez, Tomás (2024)Anarquismo no fundacional: Afrontando la dominación en el siglo XXIBarcelona: Gedisa, 110 p.ISBN 978-84-19406-92-7.

Los marabouts, o morabitos, son líderes religiosos de las cofradías musulmanas sufíes africanas. A ellos deben obediencia los talibes, discípulos, tanto en sus lugares de origen como en la diáspora migratoria, de gran intensidad y tradición en el muridismo. Los marabouts, con sus visitas recurrentes a los diversos lugares de migración, articulan la identidad colectiva a la par que recogen divisas para regresarlas a Senegal, redistribuyendo y también ejerciendo de �grandes hombres�, ricos, dadivosos y santos, moviéndose en el capitalismo financiero (...) contemporáneo con recursos y tradiciones propios. Sus roles se analizan de modo complejo por parte de los estudiosos, a veces como figuras de dominación e incluso de explotación laboral hacia los discípulos; otras veces, como líderes movilizadores de capital social, cultural y económico, cuyas obligaciones redistributivas y morales compensan sobradamente el esfuerzo de la comunidad. Aquí se pretende recoger precisamente la densidad de este debate, y dado que las funciones marabúticas caminan entre las prácticas culturales emancipatorias y dominantes aparentemente a la par. (shrink)

This paper deals with the relationships between the “judgment of God” and the “last judgment” and between transcendence and immanence, from two perspectives of the Apocalypse, the first one contained in the last biblical book, written by John of Patmos, and the second one its counterpoint, D. H. Lawrence's Apocalypse. The first presents a scenario of judgment and condemnation of the wicked;It feeds from the fear and hope of the faithful who yearn for a life of fullness and eternal peace, (...) after the triumph of those who are supposed to be acquitted before the “divine court”. The second perspective shows that John of Patmos presented a judgment of the persecutors of Christians, which was configured as a moral court, of “good” against “evil”, and prefigured the hope of a life in an after-world, which has consequences in this world through the “judgment of God”, practiced by those who need and want to judge. The paper discusses these implications, recognizes that the results of judgment cross bodies, thoughts, discourses and practices; build and destroy existences; establish moral standards and determine ways of living. This paper insists on questioning whether there are, in immanence, possibilities of living free from the system of judgment and finds, in Lawrence, indexes for an affirmative answer. (shrink)

Ainda que a autora tenha se debruçado, em várias ocasiões desde 1984, sobre o problema da ideologia na obra postumamente publicada por Lukács, o objetivo geral do presente artigo é trazer comentários adicionais sobre o tema, decorrência de pesquisa mais profunda não só da Ontologia do ser social, mas também do próprio itinerário intelectual do filósofo húngaro. Autores que abordaram o tema são revisitados, configurando-se assim um quadro geral mais complexo da questão em tela.

: O objetivo principal do presente artigo é indicar as principais características da obra tardia de G. Lukács, em especial, Para uma Ontologia do Ser Social. Pretende-se ainda tecer alguns comentários sobre sua trajetória intelectual.

Ocupa-se do problema do começo em filosofia e o relaciona com as dificuldades de pôr em curso o ensinar e o aprender a filosofar. Apresenta as tentativas de fundar um começo absoluto do pensar feitas por Descartes, Kant, Fichte, Hegel e Feuerbach, para, então, tratar do começo da filosofia e do pensar no pensamento problematizado por Deleuze.

Could a robot be a good actor? Could it build an effective relationship of understanding and empathy with other actors or spectators? This paper offers just a glimpse, a first trace of research of a now important phenomenon that affects the Performing Arts, namely the integration of artificial agents both in the creative process and in the theatrical performance. It will be treated for this purpose by the example of the android Geminoid F, protagonist of the play Sayonara (2010) by (...) Japanese director Oriza Hirata, created by Osaka University’s robotics expert Professor Hiroshi Ishiguro, whose gestures have been learned by imitating those of a real professional actress. Watching this android act is an alienating aesthetic experience: from the position of the audience, the boundary between human and robot is unclear. Geminoid F was chosen as co-star in the film of the same name, shot in 2015 by the internationally acclaimed Japanese director Koji Fukada, precisely because of her expressive qualities, as effective as those of a human actor, capable of arousing an empathic reaction in the viewer. (shrink)

Life as a central category of natural ontology This article addresses the philosophical and scientific challenges of defining life, centering on the concept of biological autonomy as an alternative to reductionist paradigms. Organicism emerged as a holistic framework that views life as the result of the reciprocal organization of its components. However, the article critiques the reduction of teleology to mere self-maintenance, arguing that life exhibits a tendential dynamism that transcends functional explanations. By revisiting classical teleological principles and integrating them (...) with modern biology, it proposes a renewed understanding of life as a metaphysical category, one that reconciles functional autonomy with an orientation toward self-transcendence. This approach restores life’s ontological depth, addressing its intrinsic richness beyond organicist frameworks. (shrink)

Este artigo considera a marcante instabilidade da Filosofia nos currículos da Educação brasileira, assim como seu desaparecimento como disciplina, na versão aprovada da Base Nacional Comum Curricular. Apresenta as prováveis alterações que esse documento promoverá na Educação, referente à formação de professores, ao impacto político e à autonomia docente na criação de aulas, para, então, dedicar-se aos espólios filosóficos restantes na Base, sobretudo àqueles relativos à ética. Mostra que a dimensão ética atravessa o documento e está presente nas “Competências Gerais” (...) a serem desenvolvidas ao longo da Educação Básica, sendo, portanto, uma preocupação de todas as áreas do conhecimento, sobretudo no que se refere às Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação e à sustentabilidade ambiental. Volta à definição de ética no documento e às suas bases, a saber, justiça, solidariedade e livre-arbítrio; problematiza seus sentidos e marca algumas incoerências. Evidencia que o documento, apesar de incentivar que a Educação dos jovens esteja, de um lado, voltada àquilo que fizemos e sabemos do mundo, por outro, para o aberto e indeterminado; dá ênfase excessiva à busca de soluções e ao aprendizado de respostas, dando prioridade, no que respeita à Filosofia, à resposta socrática para a questão “O que é o ser humano?” Destaca a ideia apresentada no documento de que o nosso tempo requer uma “nova mentalidade”, regida por uma “ética diferente”, e defende que é por meio do contato com modos de pensar filosóficos, presentes nos textos primários de Filosofia, trabalhados por professores habilitados para isso, que os estudantes tornar-se-ão competentes e hábeis nos dois principais sentidos éticos da Base – 1) da nossa relação com a natureza, com o Planeta e seus bens finitos; e 2) da relação consigo mesmo, o modo de ser. Afirma, por fim, que, apesar da espoliação sofrida pela Filosofia na Base, nenhum projeto de Educação pode ser sustentado sem ela. Palavras-chave: BNCC. Filosofia. Ética. Ensino de Filosofia. (shrink)

Keller & Miller (K&M) briefly mention and promptly dismiss the idea that genes for harmful mental disorders may confer certain advantages to affected individuals. However, the authors fail to consider that the same genes (in low doses or reduced penetrance) may be adaptive for relatives, and that this may in part explain why they are retained in the gene pool. (Published Online November 9 2006).

Este artigo tem por propósito expor as análises realizadas pelo filósofo J. Chasin em relação ao tema da política no âmbito da formação social brasileira, cuja determinação central, nos seus termos, é ter-se constituído pela via colonial. Intentamos, inicialmente, mostrar a interrelação entre as pesquisas chasinianas sobre o pensamento de K. Marx especialmente a crítica à política (consubstanciada na expressão determinação ontonegativa da politicidade), e suas descobertas sobre a sociabilidade nacional. No interior dessa relação de potencialização recíproca, destacamos o debate (...) chasiniano sobre o politicismo, modo de proceder típico da burguesia atrófica brasileira, para o qual esta conseguiu arrastar, em momentos decisivos, muitos agrupamentos e individualidades que se arvoram de esquerda. (shrink)

Este texto, aprovechando la reciente publicación del último Premio Espasa de Ensayo, Lenguas en guerra, de Irene Lozano, hace un recorrido por las ideas más destacables del libro, tanto sobre el origen filogenético del lenguaje como sobre la problemática relación que este origen supone, según la autora, para las justificaciones al uso sobre los nacionalismos fundamentados en la singularidad de la lengua propia, y sitúa estas ideas en el contexto de los conocimientos que se tienen hoy sobre evolución, genética e (...) historia del pensamiento. El texto también hace una crítica a algunos de los razonamientos de Lozano y presta atención al contraste entre su perspectiva idealista sobre la funcionalidad y el uso recto del lenguaje y su visión más pragmática y posibilista sobre el nacionalismo y el conservacionismo lingüístico. (shrink)

ISBN 9042002980 (paperback) NLG 45.00 From the contents: Musikwissenschaft in den Niederlanden bis 1960 (Eduard Reeser).- Ueber Helene Nolthenius (Etty Mulder).- Im Banne des Ringes: ideologische Ingredienzen im Werk Wagners (Joost Langeveld).- Adorno und die Musik (Etty Mulder).- Paul Klee zwischen Klang und Farbe: von einem Musiker, der Maler wurde (Hannedea van Nederveen Meerkerk).

Los valores y actitudes tradicionalmente atribuidos a la mujer, que han configurado lo que hoy podemos llamar el �legado� femenino, han sido secularmente despreciados; valores como el cuidado o la cooperación se minusvaloraban en el patriarcalismo frente a la fuerza física, la fría razón y la competitividad. Este artículo se propone defender, desde el feminismo de la diferencia, cómo es precisamente el legado femenino (con su elementos varios que serán descritos como holísticos frente a las escisiones duales tradicionalmente masculinas) el (...) que ha de venir a rescatarnos en las luchas sociales hoy, en su promoción del valor del cuidado como noción axial del ser humano y en su íntima vinculación con las reivindicaciones ecologistas. (shrink)

This article discusses breastfeeding from a multidisciplinary approach, and vindicates its multidimensionality, diverging from the conceptual and experimental framework of the health sciences. Breastfeeding is claimed as a privileged field for female empowerment and social transformation, deepening in its specificity from the reflection on gender and economic dimension of ecological sustainability. Will be crucial here the reflection from ethics of care and inter-dependence, as well as criticism of the capitalist distinction public-private spaces, which carries a monetized conception of labour (generating (...) huge traditional epistemological exclusions). It will be also defended breastfeeding on its dimension of social activism (lactivism) and politics of transformative intervention, and breastfeeding corporeality will be approached as a cultural dissidence within Western cultures. This research has been conducted mainly by ethnographical methodology, although the very object of the study has required an inescapably interdisciplinary approach. (shrink)

A partir de algumas considerações a respeito do estado da arte da política, da democracia e da Justiça brasileira, o artigo recorre à literatura kafkiana na descrição que ela faz do funcionamento da máquina judiciária e de como a lei opera atingindo todos, para, então, desmontar os procedimentos jurídicos e, com humor, exibir o ímpeto e a vaidade dos magistrados. Tais aspectos provocam uma metamorfose da própria Justiça, que acaba por se transformar em “Deusa da Caça”, e daí advém a (...) questão que intitula e orienta o artigo. Faz-se necessário, então, trazer a tematização da Justiça relacionada à política e à democracia, campos próprios de desentendimento, porque implicam disputa de mundos. Para tanto, a diferença entre política e polícia, estabelecida por Rancière, é desenvolvida, ao lado daquilo que ele define como democracia e do princípio de igualdade, uma manifestação do desacordo que perturba o mundo sensível, organizado e recortado em lugares e funções. Palavras-chave: Kafka. Desacordo. Democracia. Polícia. Política. (shrink)