Abstract

The chapter outlines and briefly discusses the various veterinary diagnostic techniques, such as blood tests, urine tests, and electrocardiography. It also introduces the basics of pain management and anesthesia, as well as the most common general anesthesia protocols for companion animals. The chapter then discusses radiography, a type of diagnostic imaging, and divides it into subsections for the skeleton, abdomen, and thorax. Other diagnostic techniques covered in the chapter include ultrasonography, echocardiography, and endoscopy. The chapter also outlines the standard operating procedures in a surgical operation theater for elective procedures like ovariohysterectomy (spaying) and castrations. Later sections of the chapter delve into the management of veterinary patients during emergencies and life-threatening situations, with a dedicated section on euthanasia. Finally, the chapter concludes by discussing assisted reproductive technologies, such as artificial insemination and heat synchronization in animals.