Gündelik Hayatin Gözetimi: “panoptikon Toplumu”Surveillance Of Daily Life: “panopticon Society”

Ethos: Dialogues in Philosophy and Social Sciences 3 (2) (2010)
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Abstract

Gözetim olgusu, önemli bir denetim türü olarak insanlık tarihi içinde hep var olmuştur. Fakat modern devletlerin ortaya çıkmasıyla birlikte, gözetim pratiklerinin biçimi değişmiş, gündelik hayat gelişen teknolojik cihazlarla daha kolay izlenir hale gelmiştir. Gözetim faaliyetlerine ilişkin çeşitlenme tarih boyunca artarak devam etmiş, enformatik devrimi ile birlikte en üst düzeye ulaşmıştır. Bu yüzden günümüz toplumları gözetim toplumları olarak adlandırılmış, artan gözetim faaliyetlerine dikkat çekilmeye çalışılmıştır. Gözetim toplumu kavramı, Bentham’ın mimarisinde, Foucault’un akademik çalışmalarında ve Orwell’ın karşı ütopyasında çok önceleri ele alınmıştı. Bu çalışma, bu düşünürlerden hareketle gözetimin karakteristik özellikleri, nedenleri ve biçimleri üzerinde durmayı hedeflemektedir.The phenomenon of surveillance exists as a kind of significant inspection in the history of humanity. However, the forms of surveillance practices had changed and daily life had been rendered easier to trace through developing technological mediums along with the emerging of the modern governments. The diversity regarding activities of surveillance has lasted increasingly during history, reached the top level along with the revolution of informatic. Therefore, contemporary societies have been called as either surveillance or panopticon societies, and the increasing activities of surveillance have been taken into consideration. The concept of surveillance society was handled before in the architecture of Bentham, in the academic studies of Foucault and in the utopia of Orwell. This study purposes to focus on the characteristics, the reasons and the forms of surveillance

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