Abstract

In an era marked by global crises, environmental degradation, social injustice, and mental health challenges, the ancient spiritual tradition of Buddhism has emerged with a renewed commitment to social transformation. Socially Engaged Buddhism, a modern evolution of traditional Buddhist practice, bridges the inner path of mindfulness and liberation with the outer world of activism and civil responsibility. This paper examines how Socially Engaged Buddhism, grounded in the teachings of compassion (karuṇā), non-violence (ahiṃsā), and interdependence (pratītyasamutpāda), has evolved from monastic seclusion to active engagement in the spheres of politics, society, and ecology. Drawing on case studies from Asia, North America, and Europe, and referencing key leaders such as Thich Nhat Hanh, B.R. Ambedkar, and Sulak Sivaraksa, the study examines how Buddhist institutions and lay practitioners are shaping global civil society. Through this lens, the paper critically evaluates the relevance, challenges, and potential future of this transformative movement in a rapidly evolving world.