On the existence of types

Synthese 207 (1):29 (2026)
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Abstract

Types are abstract, instantiatable and sui generis entities postulated by platonists to account for the truth of a particular species of intuitively true sentences. Nominalism is the view that, in fact, no types are needed to fulfil the purpose in question. Nominalism is ontologically parsimonious and, hence, commendable—but there is a compelling argument to the effect that, pace the nominalist, types are indispensable to vindicate the truth of the sentences at issue. In my paper, I contend that this argument fails. I also outline a novel, fictionalist account of the relevant sentences, and argue that this account holds a special promise over both nominalism and platonism. I close by defending my fictionalist theory from its most prominent potential objections.

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2026-01-07

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Sofía Meléndez Gutiérrez
University of Guadalajara

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P.William Graig & J. Moreland - 2005 - Vida Nova.
Science Without Numbers: A Defence of Nominalism.Hartry H. Field - 1980 - Princeton, NJ, USA: Princeton University Press.
Theories and things.W. V. O. Quine (ed.) - 1981 - Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Nonexistent Objects.Terence Parsons - 1980 - Yale University Press.
Reference and Existence: The John Locke Lectures.Saul A. Kripke - 2013 - New York: Oxford University Press.

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