Spacetime singularities and indeterminism

Synthese 206 (2):1-27 (2025)
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Abstract

We argue for the claim that spacetime singularities in general relativity (GR) signal _indeterminism_, broadly construed. We first develop a schema for diagnosing a type of indeterminism for physical theories, which we denote by Indeterminism. Such indeterminism involves a broader notion of a _lack of a determination_ than the usual Laplacian one. More precisely, Indeterminism arises in a model of a physical theory whenever future (or past) states of the model are (i) not unique, (ii) not specified, or (iii) ‘incoherent’—that is, they fail to satisfy desiderata that the theory should reasonably satisfy. We then apply our schema to salient features of spacetime singularities in GR. We establish that, indeed, singularities signal a type of indeterminism that cannot comprehensively be understood as a variety of Laplacian indeterminism: namely, spacetime singularities in GR signal Indeterminism.

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Feraz Azhar
University of Notre Dame

References found in this work

The Dome: An Unexpectedly Simple Failure of Determinism.John D. Norton - 2008 - Philosophy of Science 75 (5):786-798.
The hole truth.Jeremy Butterfield - 1989 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 40 (1):1-28.
Essai philosophique sur les probabilités.Pierre-Simon Laplace & Maurice Solovine - 1814 - Revue de Métaphysique et de Morale 30 (1):1-2.
Singularities and Black Holes.Erik Curiel - 2019 - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philsophy.

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