Abstract

This chapter discusses the transformative use of artificial intelligence (AI) in higher education. It follows the development of AI and its use in various fields, showing patterns in the creation of knowledge, the innovation of pedagogy, and institutional transformation. The chapter discusses the opportunities and challenges both in the potential of AI to increase personalized learning and cognitive growth and in AI as a source of ethical dilemmas in academic integrity, privacy, and responsible use. A particular focus is placed on the digital divide and the different abilities of the low-resourced schools and institutions in the Global South to go digital with AI-powered education. The second factor that is discussed is the increased transition to remote learning during the COVID-19 pandemic and what that would mean in terms of the experience and outcomes of the students. Lastly, the chapter supports integrative and humanistic pedagogies and AI literacy models that support safe, fair, and efficient learning and place AI as an aid and not a substitute for human agency in learning.