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Sensitivity, Safety, and Knowledge from Virtual Reality

Logos and Episteme 16 (3):357-364 (2025)
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Abstract

The aim of this note is to analyze four externalist conditions on knowledge about the real world based on beliefs formed in VR. We will discuss Wheeler’s sensitivity conditions for VR-based knowledge and propose a case wherein his favored condition, Virtual Sensitivity+, fails. Furthermore, we will advance two safety conditions and argue that while they pass our test case, they do not pass all of Wheeler’s tests. We will conclude that none of the four conditions on VR-based knowledge about the real world is adequate, motivating a prima facie skepticism regarding the possibility of externalist conditions on VR-based knowledge.

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2025-07-28

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