Fungus
Fungi (pl.: fungi[d] awu fungus[1]) shima awo donyi suro lan eukaryoticbe, yeast a, molds a, kuru fungus a. Awowa alakkata anyi sandiya suro kingdom biologibe Fungiben yakkata.[2][3]
| Subclass of | organism  |
|---|---|
| Taxon name | Fungi |
| Taxon rank | kingdom |
| Parent taxon | Holomycota |
| Temporal range start | Mesoproterozoic |
| This taxon is source of | plant-based food |
| Start time | 410 million years BCE |
| Studied by | mycology |
| Code of nomenclature | International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants |
| Mode of reproduction | asexual reproduction, sexual reproduction |
| AlgaeBase URL | https://www.algaebase.org/browse/taxonomy/detail/?taxonid=92070 |
Alama donyi fungus a kǝska so, bacteria so, protists so lan, chitin mbeji. Fungi, dabba so yeyi, sandi donyi heterotrophs: sandiye kǝmbu nza sowandin, molecules yiyima tiyi nza ro yiwu lan. Shi bǝndidǝ fotosintesis sǝdin ba. Wuratu du shima diwal donyi motǝnza ye, spores dawun baro (gana laa flagellated), sandi donyi kasam awu nji lan bǝlawurotin ma. Fungi du shima awo donyi kǝndaram nza wurtin ma. Sandi adǝa nǝm gade gade gade so dǝa fungi dǝa suro karapka organismwa ye sǝtana gade soro kalakca, sunzǝ Eumycota (fungi jireye awu Eumycetes), sandido kakanza fal (maana, karapka monophyleticya dawarzain), fasari donyi phylogeneticsiya ye dunoaro ngawo kǝltǝna ma. Karapka fungalbe adə myxomycetes-a oomycetes-a (kəltəram njibe) gade. Fasal ilmu alagǝbe donyi fungibe kǝratǝnzǝdǝ mycologya (Tǝlam Greekbe lan gowotǝ, mykes 'mushroom'). Kuren, mycologiya dǝ dalami botanyabero gotǝna, sonyayi kǝrma notǝna fungi dǝ geneticmen sha dabba soa karu kǝljin kǝska so yayiro.
Dunya sammason nguwu, fungi nguwuso asutinba dalil nǝm gana garnzabe nankaro, kuru kǝnǝnganza suro cidiben au awowa kǝrmuben. Fungidə suronzən symbionts kəskabe-a, dabbabe-a, awu fungi gade so-a kuru parasites-a mbeji. Sandidə asutin loktu tada fəlezayinlan, alama mushroom au molds yeyi. Fungi du faida donyi organic matter ye wurtu lan faidajin, kuru faida donyi nutrient ye kǝndaram lan faltin ma. Kashi 90% kǝska ye dǝ Mycorrhizal symbiosis kate kǝska a fungi ye dǝro tǝngatǝyin [9] kuru tartip adǝye photosynthesis kǝska ye dǝa sǝrayin, carbon donyi sami lan gotin ma dǝa sǝrayin kuru banazǝyin kǝndaram dunya ye faltǝ dǝro.[10]
Fungidə tussuna kəmbu adamganabero faidatin, misallo mushroom-a truffles-a; namtǝ awo burodiro gǝrjinma; kuru suro fermentation kəmbube kadaben, misallo mbol, biya, kuru soy sauce. Saa 1940 saa 1940 lan, fungi dǝ faidata kurunna antibioticbe satandin, kuru, karunguro, enzymes kada shilan faidatain sanyiyarambe-a kuru awowa tultabe-an faidatin. Fungidə kuruson shiga kurun kuli yezobe ro faidatin kajim so, kwasuwa kəskabe so, kuliwa kuliwa yezoro. Jili alagǝwabe kada awoa tiyiro faidajinma sutuluyin, shiro mycotoxins gultindǝ, alaman na alkaloids-a kuru polyketides-a, sandido dabbawaro summa, adamgana kunten ro. Gar donyi tada kǝskaye jili alawu gana ye dǝ suronzǝn awoa psychotropicbe mbeji kuru sandiya kǝji fantǝro au kǝlele adabe lan faidatin. Fungidə karewa tətandəna-a garra-a kalzəyin, kuru awowa kwasuwa suwudin amso-a dabbawa gadeso-aro waljin. Kasuwa fungalbe (misallo, kwasuwa shangawabe) au kəmbu bannatədə raksə kəmbu amsobe-a razəwu fatobe-aro lejin. Fungi də sandiya fungicides-a, kurun kuli yezobe-a, awo banna suwudin-a, karaa kəlta-a awoa gade-aye sandiya zorzana.[10]
Mairi fungusbedǝ suronzǝn taxa jili kada mbeji, ecologiya gade-gade, tartipwa kǝnǝngabe-a, morphologiya-a, chytrids njibe unicellularlan sǝta mushroom kura-a ro saadəna. Son yaye, awo gana laa nowata kəla nəm gade-gade alagəwabe jireye kəla fungus kingdomben, shidəwo jiliwa alaube miliyon 2.2 səta miliyon 3.8 ro saadənadə.[11] Suro adǝben, alamanna 148,000 bas bayantǝna,[12] jili alagǝwa 8,000 samin kǝskaro bannajinro nowata kuru gananzǝ yayi 300 raksǝ adamganaro kwasuwa suwudin.[13] Tun loktu karnu kǝn 18thmi a 19thmi lan cida kusunyi Carl Linnaeus, Christiaan Hendrik Persoon, a Elias Magnus Fries be du, fungi dǝa morphologya lan yakkatama (alaman, alamanza alaman na donyi spore ye lan awu sifa donyi microscopibe) awu physiologya lan. Fuwutu donyi molecular geneticya du ye zawal donyi DNA ye kulashi ye taxonomy ro kǝltǝ ro kazǝna, shi donyi loktu laan gargam ye yayaktǝ donyi morphologya ye tahyiraat gade so ye kǝlzǝyin ma. Kǝra ilmu donyi phylogeneticbe donyi karnu 21st ye lan baktǝna ma dǝ banazǝwu fasal donyi suro kingdom fungi ye dǝa fasalzǝna, shi donyi subphyla fallo yakata, phyla tulur, a subphyla mewu ro.