Research classified by Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) codes
Top JEL
/ D: Microeconomics
/ / D7: Analysis of Collective Decision-Making
/ / / D74: Conflict; Conflict Resolution; Alliances; Revolutions
2026
- Stefano Dughera & Alain Marciano, 2026, "Buchanan meets Tullock: aid, contests, and the Samaritan’s Dilemma," Public Choice, Springer, volume 206, issue 1, pages 47-79, January, DOI: 10.1007/s11127-025-01323-z.
- Lorenzo Portaluri, 2026, "The Transparency Trap: Quality of Public Information and the Intensity of Revolutionary Violence," Working Papers, University of Milano-Bicocca, Department of Economics, number 570, Feb.
- Brendan Brundage & Dan McGee & Daniele Tavani, 2026, "Theoretical Approaches in Stratification Economics," NBER Chapters, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, "The Economics of Race and Stratification".
- Brendan Brundage & Dan J. McGee & Daniele Tavani, 2026, "Theoretical Approaches in Stratification Economics," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 34619, Jan.
- Efraim Benmelech & Joao Monteiro, 2026, "War and Democratic Backsliding," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 34734, Jan.
- Tommaso Giommoni & Gabriel Loumeau & Marco Tabellini, 2026, "Extractive Taxation and the French Revolution," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 34816, Feb.
- Xinyu Fan & Gary Richardson & Zhihao Xu & Sicheng Zhao, 2026, "Reason for Treason," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 35069, Apr.
- Luis Bosshart & Max Deter & Leander Heldring & Cathrin C. Mohr & Matthias Weigand, 2026, "Hysteresis and Selection in the Rise of Fascism: The ‘Ordinary Men’ of the Nazi Party," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 35120, Apr.
- Sebastian Galiani & Ivan Lopez Cruz & Alessandra A. Palazzo & Gustavo Torrens, 2026, "Comparative Advantage and Colonial Monopoly: The Political Economy of Exclusive Trading Companies," NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number 35121, Apr.
- Luis Bosshart & Max Deter & Leander Heldring & Cathrin Mohr & Matthias Weigand, 2026, "Hysteresis and Selection in the Rise of Fascism: The ‘Ordinary Men’ of the Nazi Party," CEPA Discussion Papers, Center for Economic Policy Analysis, number 100, May, DOI: 10.25932/publishup-70279.
- Simon Merschroth & Sarah Lohr & Lisa Thalheimer & Barbora Šedová, 2026, "A Systematic Review of Statistical Evidence on Climate-Related Migration, Immobility, and Conflict: No General Effect and Substantial Evidence Gaps," CEPA Discussion Papers, Center for Economic Policy Analysis, number 99, Apr, DOI: 10.25932/publishup-70189.
- Crippa, Andrea & d'Agostino, Giorgio & Dunne, J. Paul & Pieroni, Luca & Tian, Nan, 2026, "The Health Costs of Civil Conflict," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 127605.
- Anobile, Fabio & Costantiello, Alberto & Drago, Carlo & Arnone, Massimo & Leogrande, Angelo, 2026, "Beyond Shocks: How ESG Fundamentals Shape Geopolitical Risk Across Countries," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 127818, Jan.
- Jimenez, Eliel, 2026, "Geopolitical Risk: A Structural Model Based on the Hobbesian Theory of State Roles," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 128782, Feb.
- Ethan Kapstein & Malia Sayad, 2026, "Military Allies and International Trade: Lessons for Geoeconomics," Empirical Studies of Conflict Project (ESOC) Working Papers, Empirical Studies of Conflict Project, number 41, Jan.
- Hong Lee, 2026, "Did Video Kill the Radio Star? The Endgame of a Ten-Year War Between LawTalk and the Korean Bar Association," Industrial Economic Review, Korea Institute for Industrial Economics and Trade, number 022560.
- Nicola Limodio & Luca Picariello & Tom Schwantje, 2026, "Banking under Conflict: Managers and Organizational Design," CSEF Working Papers, Centre for Studies in Economics and Finance (CSEF), University of Naples, Italy, number 782, May.
- Juan Carlos Angulo, 2026, "Rethinking the Mexican Conflict with a Gender Perspective," Sobre México. Revista de Economía, Sobre México. Temas en economía, volume 1, issue 13, pages 103-140.
- Charles Christian Atangana Zambo & Bruno Emmanuel Ongo Nkoa & Yves Patrice Etogo Nyaga, 2026, "Fiscal consequences of terrorism in Africa: a direct and indirect approach," Economics of Governance, Springer, volume 27, issue 1, pages 1-41, December, DOI: 10.1007/s10101-026-00363-5.
- Ghassan Dibeh & Stephanie Karam, 2026, "A model of religious identities and income redistribution: from the Lebanese Civil War to the Taif Agreement," Economics of Governance, Springer, volume 27, issue 1, pages 1-22, December, DOI: 10.1007/s10101-026-00366-2.
- Fayssal Ayad, 2026, "Breaking away: development burdens of secession in Africa," Empirical Economics, Springer, volume 70, issue 2, pages 1-29, February, DOI: 10.1007/s00181-025-02872-4.
- Sébastien Mary, 2026, "Revisiting US food aid and civil conflict," Empirical Economics, Springer, volume 70, issue 3, pages 1-31, March, DOI: 10.1007/s00181-026-02896-4.
- Adrian Pabst, 2026, "Bodies politic: gift, reciprocity and the personality of the polity in the civil economy tradition," International Review of Economics, Springer;Happiness Economics and Interpersonal Relations (HEIRS), volume 73, issue 1, pages 1-20, June, DOI: 10.1007/s12232-026-00528-y.
- Pau Juan-Bartroli & Emin Karagözoğlu, 2026, "Moral preferences in bargaining," Economic Theory, Springer;Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory (SAET), volume 81, issue 1, pages 429-452, February, DOI: 10.1007/s00199-023-01544-7.
- Maria Bigoni & Mario Blazquez De Paz & Chloé Le Coq, 2026, "Beyond Hawks and Doves: Can inequality ease coordination?," Economic Theory, Springer;Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory (SAET), volume 81, issue 1, pages 93-111, February, DOI: 10.1007/s00199-024-01603-7.
- T. Renee Bowen & J. Lawrence Broz & Christina J. Schneider, 2026, "Domestic politics and international organizations," The Review of International Organizations, Springer, volume 21, issue 1, pages 1-40, March, DOI: 10.1007/s11558-025-09591-6.
- Karl Bergemann & Gabriel Brown & Johan Fourie, 2026, "Running Towards: Labour Market Incentives for Runaway Slaves in the British Cape Colony, 1830–1838," Working Papers, Stellenbosch University, Department of Economics, number 03/2026.
- Ryan A. Compton & Andrea N. Craig & Dörte Heger & Karl Skogstad, 2026, "Origin country conflict and immigrant physical health," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, volume 37, issue 2, pages 204-217, February, DOI: 10.1080/10242694.2025.2487201.
- Gyarmathy, Andrei & Lukyanov, Georgy, 2026, "Peace Talk and Conflict Traps," TSE Working Papers, Toulouse School of Economics (TSE), number 26-1712, Feb.
- Kaustabh Adhya, 2026, "Conflict, Economic Activities and the Internet: Disentangling the (World Wide) Web," Studies in Economics, School of Economics, University of Kent, number 2601, Feb.
- Francisca Castro & Tilman Brück & Hadi Jaafar & Wolfgang Stojetz, 2026, "Carrying the past with you across the border: Long-term effects of conflict and environmental stress exposure in Syria on the social well-being of refugees in Jordan," WIDER Working Paper Series, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER), number wp-2026-5.
- Bertini, Raffaele & Grigoriadis, Theocharis, 2026, "Climate adaptation, water governance & conflict," Discussion Papers, Free University Berlin, School of Business & Economics, number 2026/10, DOI: 10.17169/refubium-51934.
- Koopmans, Ruud & Meierrieks, Daniel & Tuki, Daniel, 2026, "The role of droughts and religious cleavages in pastoralist conflict in Nigeria," Discussion Papers, Research Unit: Migration, Integration, Transnationalization, WZB Berlin Social Science Center, number SP VI 2026-101.
- Jonathan Federle & André Meier & Gernot J. Müller & Willi Mutschler & Moritz Schularick, 2026, "The Price of War," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, volume 116, issue 3, pages 791-827, March, DOI: 10.1257/aer.20241355.
- Thierry Mayer & Isabelle Méjean & Mathias Thoenig, 2026, "Can Sanctions Deter Wars? The Russia-Ukraine Case," AEA Papers and Proceedings, American Economic Association, volume 116, pages 114-118, May, DOI: 10.1257/pandp.20261071.
- Corbi, Raphael & Falco, Chiara & Uberti, Luca J., 2026, "Dams and Rural Conflict: Evidence from Brazil’s Hydropower Expansion," FEEM Working Papers, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (FEEM), number 387608, Jan, DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.387608.
- Fabiano Compagnucci & Daria Denti & Alessandra Faggian & Arsène Perrot, 2025, "Green with Anger. Polarised environmental mobilisation and the knowledge economy," Discussion Paper series in Regional Science & Economic Geography, Gran Sasso Science Institute, Social Sciences, number 2025-13, Feb, revised Feb 2025.
- Nicola Limodio & Luca Picariello & Tom Schwantje, 2026, "Banking under Conflict: Managers and Organizational Design," Mo.Fi.R. Working Papers, Money and Finance Research group (Mo.Fi.R.) - Univ. Politecnica Marche - Dept. Economic and Social Sciences, number 198, May.
- Bozhidar Nedev & Ivanka Mihaylova, 2026, "An Empirical Study of Behavioral Biases in Conflict Resolution in the Bulgarian Service Sector," Economic Studies journal, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences - Economic Research Institute, issue 2, pages 132-156.
- Luis Bosshart & Max Deter & Leander Heldring & Cathrin Mohr & Matthias Weigand, 2026, "Hysteresis and Selection in the Rise of Fascism: The ‘Ordinary Men’ of the Nazi Party," Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers, Berlin School of Economics, number 0094, Apr, DOI: 10.48462/opus4-6215.
- Lorenz Emter & Laura Kuitunen & Arnaud Mehl & Peter McQuade & Swapan-Kumar Pradhan & Goetz von Peter, 2026, "Global banking and geopolitics through time," BIS Working Papers, Bank for International Settlements, number 1338, Mar.
- Erik Lillethun & Rishi Sharma, 2026, "Strategic cyberwarfare," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, volume 64, issue 1, pages 221-244, January, DOI: 10.1111/ecin.70027.
- Luca V.A. Colombo & Michele Magnani & Massimiliano Gaetano Onorato, 2026, "Political Violence and the Rise of Fascism," Working Papers, Dipartimento Scienze Economiche, Universita' di Bologna, number wp1222, May.
- Sonkurt Sen, 2026, "Maternal Exposure to Terrorism and Child Skills Development," CRC TR 224 Discussion Paper Series, University of Bonn and University of Mannheim, Germany, number crctr224_2025_751, May.
- Di Domizio Marco, 2026, "Gender Gap in Physical Activity: The Role of Conflicts and Political Instability," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, volume 32, issue 1, pages 71-94, DOI: 10.1515/peps-2025-0040.
- Esteban, J. & Flamand, S. & Morelli, M. & Rohner, D., 2026, "Stay, Split or Overthrow: Theory and Evidence on Secessionist vs Centrist Conflict," Cambridge Working Papers in Economics, Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge, number 2621, Jan.
- Congressional Budget Office, 2026, "Potential Costs of a National Missile Defense System," Reports, Congressional Budget Office, number 62379, May.
- Stergios Skaperdas & Patrick A. Testa, 2026, "State Capacity and Identity: Assimilation vs Resistance of Tribal Rimlands," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 12431.
- Rabah Arezki & Hieu Nguyen, 2026, "On the Asymmetry Between Conflict and Development: Evidence from Sustainable Development Goals," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 12458.
- Sibo Liu & Alexey Makarin & Jinfeng Wu & Dong Zhang, 2026, "The War of Ideas: Institutions and Global Media Bias," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 12459.
- Hassan F. Gholipour & Georges Harb & Mohammad Reza Farzanegan, 2026, "Conflict Intensity and Entrepreneurial Intentions: Evidence from Iraqi Regions," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 12507.
- Luca Repetto & Davide Cipullo & Edward Pinchbeck & Jan Bietenbeck, 2026, "Human-Capital Shocks and Innovation: Evidence from Britain’s Lost Generation," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 12529.
- Rabah Arezki & Hieu Nguyen, 2026, "On the Asymmetry Between Conflict and Development: Evidence from Sustainable Development Goals," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 12544.
- Vincent Geloso & Patrick Crawford, 2026, "Did Newspaper Competition Promote Rebellion? The case of the 1837-38 Rebellions in Quebec," CIRANO Working Papers, CIRANO, number 2026s-07, Apr.
- Delgado-Vega, Alvaro & Lee, Barton, 2026, "When Growth leads to Zero-Sum Conflict," CEPR Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Policy Research, number 21010, Jan.
- Gröger, Andre & Mueller, Hannes, 2026, "War Destruction, Commercial Relocation and Urban Recovery," CEPR Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Policy Research, number 21059, Jan.
- Ayers, Natalie & Blair, Christopher & Ruggiero, Joseph & Wright, Austin L. & Sonin, Konstantin, 2026, "Diversionary Escalation: Theory and Evidence from Eastern Ukraine," CEPR Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Policy Research, number 21092, Jan.
- Vanden Eynde, Oliver & Vargas, Juan, 2026, "Climate Change, Natural Resources, and Conflict," CEPR Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Policy Research, number 21170, Feb.
- Van Coppenolle, Brenda & Vanden Eynde, Oliver, 2026, "Random Connections and Violence in the French Revolution," CEPR Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Policy Research, number 21171, Feb.
- McGuirk, Eoin & Trebesch, Christoph, 2026, "Geoeconomics and Conflict: A Review and Open Questions," CEPR Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Policy Research, number 21192, Feb.
- Huang, Yujing & Ma, Chicheng & Valencia Caicedo, Felipe, 2026, "Religion and Conflict: Evidence from China, 1860–1911," CEPR Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Policy Research, number 21266, Mar.
- Adema, Joop & Aksoy, Cevat Giray & Giesing, Yvonne & Poutvaara, Panu, 2026, "Refugee Return," CEPR Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Policy Research, number 21288, Mar.
- Tommaso Giommoni & Gabriel Loumeau & Marco Tabellini, 2026, "Extractive Taxation and the French Revolution," RFBerlin Discussion Paper Series, ROCKWOOL Foundation Berlin (RFBerlin), number 26049, Feb.
- Sulin Sardoschau & Annalí Casanueva-Artís, 2026, "Right-Wing Protest and Hate Crimes," RFBerlin Discussion Paper Series, ROCKWOOL Foundation Berlin (RFBerlin), number 26073, Mar.
- Joop Adema & Panu Poutvaara & Cevat Giray Aksoy & Yvonne Giesing, 2026, "Refugee Return," RFBerlin Discussion Paper Series, ROCKWOOL Foundation Berlin (RFBerlin), number 26076, Mar.
- Pierre C. Boyer & Germain Gauthier & Yves Le Yaouanq & Vincent Rollet & Benoît Schmutz-Bloch, 2026, "The Lifecycle of Protests in the Digital Age," Working Papers, Center for Research in Economics and Statistics, number 2026-01, Jan.
- Anna Balestra & Raul Caruso, 2026, "Arms Import and Civil Conflict Onset: Risk-Set Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa, 1960–2022," DISCE - Working Papers del Dipartimento di Politica Economica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Dipartimenti e Istituti di Scienze Economiche (DISCE), number dipe0055, Jan.
- Sara Balestri & Raul Caruso, 2026, "Land-related institutional settings, climate variability and communal conflicts in Sub-Saharan Africa," DISCE - Working Papers del Dipartimento di Politica Economica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Dipartimenti e Istituti di Scienze Economiche (DISCE), number dipe0057, Jan.
- Huning, Thilo R. & Wolf, Nikolaus, 2026, "How Britain Unified Germany: Trade Routes and the Formation of the Zollverein," The Journal of Economic History, Cambridge University Press, volume 86, issue 1, pages 109-145, March.
- Barbara Antonioli & Federico Trombetta, 2026, "Reversal Costs and Executive Overreach," DISEIS - Quaderni del Dipartimento di Economia internazionale, delle istituzioni e dello sviluppo, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Dipartimento di Economia internazionale, delle istituzioni e dello sviluppo (DISEIS), number dis2602.
- Cruz, Iván López & Torrens, Gustavo, 2026, "A two-wave death story: fentanyl overdoses in the US, bullets in Mexico," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, volume 178, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jdeveco.2025.103542.
- Lin, Chu & Sun, Wei & Wang, Chengli, 2026, "Saving an old regime with new elites? The unintended effects of co-opting foreign-educated councilors in China," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, volume 178, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jdeveco.2025.103580.
- Sandi, Nan, 2026, "Mining policy reform and civil conflict: Evidence from Myanmar," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, volume 179, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jdeveco.2025.103608.
- Neri-Lainé, Matteo, 2026, "Firms under fire! How insecurity affects formal firms’ existence," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, volume 180, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jdeveco.2025.103714.
- Hidalgo, Eduardo & Hornung, Erik & Selaya, Pablo, 2026, "NAFTA and drug-related violence in Mexico," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, volume 181, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jdeveco.2026.103719.
- Richard, Marion & Vanden Eynde, Oliver, 2026, "Cooperation between national armies: Evidence from the Sahel borders," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, volume 181, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jdeveco.2026.103726.
- Hausken, Kjell & Bier, Vicki M., 2026, "Government sanctions to incentivize costly cooperation and deter defection," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, volume 90, issue C, pages 126-147, DOI: 10.1016/j.eap.2026.01.018.
- Parsons, Brandon, 2026, "The freedom factor: Is economic freedom key to reducing internal conflict and state fragility? – An empirical study of 92 developing countries," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, volume 90, issue C, pages 764-798, DOI: 10.1016/j.eap.2026.01.062.
- Shah, Sayar Ahmad & Garg, Bhavesh, 2026, "Dynamics of exchange rate pass-through: The role of pricing strategies and economic shocks," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, volume 154, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.econmod.2025.107353.
- Geschwind, Stephan & Lambsdorff, Johann Graf & Werner, Katharina, 2026, "When scarcity intensifies conflict: On the role of asymmetry in common-pool resource games," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, volume 244, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2026.108963.
- Baggio, Michele & Surya Narayana, Revathy & Uchida, Shinsuke, 2026, "Heat and hate: How temperature triggers discriminatory violence," Economics Letters, Elsevier, volume 261, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.econlet.2026.112861.
- Heine, Florian & Riedl, Arno, 2026, "Let’s (not) escalate this! Leadership and communication in a group contest," European Economic Review, Elsevier, volume 181, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.euroecorev.2025.105161.
- Amarasinghe, Ashani & Raschky, Paul A. & Zenou, Yves & Zhou, Junjie, 2026, "How natural disasters spread conflict," European Economic Review, Elsevier, volume 181, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.euroecorev.2025.105194.
- Mahmood, Rafat, 2026, "Money from Afar: Analyzing the link between remittances and terrorism," European Economic Review, Elsevier, volume 183, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.euroecorev.2025.105184.
- Jan Gromadzki & Przemyslaw Siemaszko, 2026, "#IamLGBT: Social networks and coming out," European Economic Review, Elsevier, volume 183, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.euroecorev.2025.105216.
- Skaperdas, Stergios & Testa, Patrick A., 2026, "State capacity and identity: Assimilation vs resistance of tribal rimlands," European Economic Review, Elsevier, volume 184, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.euroecorev.2026.105272.
- Le Bris, David & Sekeris, Petros G., 2026, "Kinship, group loyalty and conflict," European Economic Review, Elsevier, volume 184, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.euroecorev.2026.105276.
- Ali, Wajid & Dhankar, Nidhi & Dagar, Vishal & Rao, Amar, 2026, "Energy poverty dynamics and geostrategic shocks: Moderation of financial markets," Energy Policy, Elsevier, volume 215, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2026.115278.
- Banerjee, Ameet Kumar & Mishra, Neelesh Kumar & Mishra, Neetu & Klein, Tony & Sensoy, Ahmet, 2026, "Gaining ground or losing foothold: Game-theoretic lens to unveil strategic bargaining between oil exporters and importers," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, volume 109, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.irfa.2025.104802.
- Kirk, Nicholas H., 2026, "Sustainable exploitation equilibria for dynamic games with irreversible failure," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, volume 100, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.frl.2026.109992.
- Chandan, Rahul & Paarporn, Keith & Kovenock, Dan & Alizadeh, Mahnoosh & Marden, Jason R., 2026, "The art of concession in General Lotto games," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, volume 155, issue C, pages 89-106, DOI: 10.1016/j.geb.2025.10.006.
- Ketelaars, Martijn W. & Borm, Peter & Herings, P. Jean-Jacques, 2026, "Duality in financial networks," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, volume 157, issue C, pages 88-108, DOI: 10.1016/j.geb.2026.01.002.
- Hu, Yichuan & Li, Chang & Lin, Shu, 2026, "Historical military conflict, current trade tensions, and global supply chains," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, volume 160, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jinteco.2026.104221.
- Fetzer, Thiemo & Vanden Eynde, Oliver & Wright, Austin L., 2026, "Team production on the battlefield: Evidence from NATO in Afghanistan," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, volume 241, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107385.
- Chlaß, Nadine & Miettinen, Topi, 2026, "Commitment in sequential bargaining - An experiment," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, volume 242, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107360.
- Colonescu, Constantin, 2026, "Fragility and regime stability in a state–society dynamic model," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, volume 243, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2026.107439.
- Oechssler, Jörg & Roomets, Alex, 2026, "Dissolving an ambiguous partnership," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, volume 243, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2026.107453.
- Sun, Xutang & Wang, Youyou & Zheng, Jie, 2026, "Alliance formation in team contests with Blotto budgets," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, volume 246, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2026.107541.
- Zhang, Shuo, 2026, "Mass mobilization and political change: Evidence from Hong Kong," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, volume 246, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2026.107583.
- Giebe, Thomas & Gürtler, Oliver, 2026, "Player strength and effort in contests," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, volume 234, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jet.2026.106164.
- Stojetz, Wolfgang & Ronzani, Piero & Pinay, Jeanne & d’Errico, Marco & Brück, Tilman, 2026, "Shocking social safety: Evidence from violence and drought in North-east Nigeria," Food Policy, Elsevier, volume 138, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.103005.
- Bitoto, Fabrice Ewolo & Nguepi, Nelson Derrick & Mbognou, Cerapis Nchinda & Petnga, Ruth Dzokou, 2026, "Peaceful development: Natural resources, global agendas and conflict in Africa," Resources Policy, Elsevier, volume 112, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2025.105796.
- Hanato, Shunsuke, 2026, "Final-offer arbitration with reference-dependent preferences," Journal of Mathematical Economics, Elsevier, volume 124, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jmateco.2026.103228.
- Pereira, Leila & Pucci, Rafael, 2026, "A tale of gold and blood: The consequences of market deregulation on local violence," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, volume 253, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105559.
- Polanski, Arnold & Cortes-Corrales, Sebastian, 2026, "Stability and resilience of alliances: A network approach," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, volume 256, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2026.105610.
- Bargain, Olivier & Jara, H. Xavier & Rivera, David, 2026, "Social gaps, perceived inequality and protests," World Development, Elsevier, volume 199, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107248.
- Nigus, Halefom Yigzaw & Abay, Kibrom A. & Tabe-Ojong, Martin Paul Jr., 2026, "Armed conflict, community-based cash transfers, and social cohesion: Evidence from a randomized intervention in Ethiopia," World Development, Elsevier, volume 199, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107249.
- Escalante, Enrique, 2026, "Friends or foes? The insurgent’s dilemma of seeking legitimacy while keeping secrets," World Development, Elsevier, volume 199, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107258.
- Kammer, Daniel & Greiner-Filsinger, Alina, 2026, "Genocide, women’s empowerment, and intergenerational transmission of violent attitudes," World Development, Elsevier, volume 200, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107266.
- Boucekkine, Raouf & Desbordes, Rodolphe & Melindi-Ghidi, Paolo, 2026, "The defanging effect of education and autocratic survival," World Development, Elsevier, volume 200, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107294.
- Stoelinga, Nicole & Tähtinen, Tuuli, 2026, "Conflict and democratic preferences," World Development, Elsevier, volume 202, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2026.107341.
- Jamel Saadaoui & Vanessa Strauss-Kahn & Jerome Creel, 2026, "How Geopolitics Influence Chinese Firms' Exports: Firm-Level Evidence of "Friendtrading" Under Extreme Events," CAMA Working Papers, Centre for Applied Macroeconomic Analysis, Crawford School of Public Policy, The Australian National University, number 2026-22, Mar.
- Wei, Zhiwu & Luca, Davide & Lee, Neil & Rodríguez-Pose, Andrés, 2026, "Local wealth inequality linked to political protests across the Global South," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library, number 137937, Apr.
- Raphael Corbi & Chiara Falco & Luca J. Uberti, 2026, "Dams and Rural Conflict: Evidence from Brazil’s Hydropower Expansion," Working Papers, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei, number 2026.01, Jan.
- Pia M. Orrenius & Madeline Zavodny, 2026, "Can Creating Legal Pathways Reduce Unauthorized Immigration? Evidence from the CHNV Parole Program," Working Papers, Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, number 2612, May, DOI: 10.24149/wp2612.
- Fabio Anobile & Alberto Costantiello & Carlo Drago & Massimo Arnone & Angelo Leogrande, 2026, "Beyond Shocks: How ESG Fundamentals Shape Geopolitical Risk Across Countries," Economies, MDPI, volume 14, issue 3, pages 1-73, March.
- Miguel Ángel Santos & Adan Silverio-Murillo & Jose Balmori-de-la-Miyar & Abel Rodríguez, 2026, "Crime Impacts of El Salvador’s Crackdown Policy," Working Paper Series of the School of Government and Public Transformation, School of Governement and Public Transformation, number 20, Jan.
- Rabah Arezki & Hieu Nguyen, 2026, "On the Asymmetry between Conflict and Development: Evidence from Sustainable Development Goals," CERDI Working papers, HAL, number hal-05492339, Feb.
- Olivier Bargain & H. Xavier Jara & David Rivera, 2026, "Social gaps, perceived inequality and protests," Post-Print, HAL, number hal-05449322, Mar, DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107248.
- Fabio Anobile & Alberto Costantiello & Carlo Drago & Massimo Arnone & Angelo Leogrande, 2026, "Beyond Shocks: How ESG Fundamentals Shape Geopolitical Risk Across Countries," Working Papers, HAL, number hal-05472283, Jan.
- Rabah Arezki & Hieu Nguyen, 2026, "On the Asymmetry between Conflict and Development: Evidence from Sustainable Development Goals," Working Papers, HAL, number hal-05492339, Feb.
- Massimo Arnone & Angelo Leogrande & Carlo Drago & Alberto Costantiello & Fabio Anobile, 2026, "Crime, Trust, and Quality of Life: Determinants of Perceived Insecurity across Italian Regions," Working Papers, HAL, number hal-05511845, Feb.
- Rabah Arezki & Hieu Nguyen, 2026, "On the Asymmetry between Conflict and Development: Evidence from Sustainable Development Goals," Working Papers, HAL, number hal-05515640, Feb.
- Congdon Fors, Heather & Isaksson, Ann-Sofie & Lindskog, Annika & Sepahvand, Mohammad, 2026, "A war against education?," Working Papers in Economics, University of Gothenburg, Department of Economics, number 861, Mar.
- Congdon Fors, Heather & Isaksson, Ann-Sofie & Lindskog, Annika & Sepahvand, Mohammad, 2026, "Impacts of violent extremism on educational content," Working Papers in Economics, University of Gothenburg, Department of Economics, number 862, Mar.
- Daniel Tuki, 2026, "A nation on the edge: Nigerians’ views on kidnapping," HiCN Working Papers, Households in Conflict Network, number 450.
- Tommaso Giommoni & Gabriel Loumeau & Marco Tabellini, 2026, "Extractive Taxation and the French Revolution," IRENE Working Papers, IRENE Institute of Economic Research, number 26-02, Feb.
- Fang, Tony & Pracek, Torin & Chen, Jianghua & Chen, Wen-hao, 2026, "Agricultural Trade and Geopolitics: A Comparative Analysis of China-U.S. and China-Canada Trade Relations," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 18362, Feb.
- Darwisheh,Housam, 2026, "Institutional Guardianship and Opposition Fragmentation in Egypt's Post-2011 Transition," IDE Discussion Papers, Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization(JETRO), number 994, Feb.
- Swarnimaa Yadav & Bharat Diwakar, 2026, "Natural resources and armed conflict: examining the mediating and moderating role of institutions," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, volume 59, issue 3, pages 1-43, June, DOI: 10.1007/s10644-026-09997-1.
2025
- Eleonora Guarnieri, 2025, "Cultural Distance and Ethnic Civil Conflict," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, volume 115, issue 4, pages 1338-1368, April, DOI: 10.1257/aer.20231087.
- Anjali Adukia & Benjamin Feigenberg & Fatemeh Momeni, 2025, "From Retributive to Restorative: An Alternative Approach to Justice in Schools," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, volume 115, issue 8, pages 2722-2754, August, DOI: 10.1257/aer.20230971.
- Andrew Beath & Fotini Christia & Ruben Enikolopov, 2025, "Can Development Programs Counter Insurgencies? Evidence from a Field Experiment in Afghanistan," American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, American Economic Association, volume 17, issue 3, pages 80-116, July, DOI: 10.1257/app.20230150.
- Sofia Correa, 2025, "Persistent Protests," American Economic Journal: Microeconomics, American Economic Association, volume 17, issue 2, pages 321-357, May, DOI: 10.1257/mic.20220191.
- Navid Sabet & Marius Liebald & Guido Friebel, 2025, "Terrorism and Voting: The Rise of Right-Wing Populism in Germany," American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, American Economic Association, volume 17, issue 3, pages 407-440, August, DOI: 10.1257/pol.20230615.
- Jacob Moscona, 2025, "The Management of Aid and Conflict in Africa," American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, American Economic Association, volume 17, issue 4, pages 228-259, November, DOI: 10.1257/pol.20220219.
- Maxim Chupilkin & Beata Javorcik & Aleksandra Peeva & Alexander Plekhanov, 2025, "Economic Sanctions and Intermediated Trade," AEA Papers and Proceedings, American Economic Association, volume 115, pages 568-572, May, DOI: 10.1257/pandp.20251083.
- Lisa Scheckenhofer & Feodora A. Teti & Joschka Wanner, 2025, "Dodging Trade Sanctions? Evidence from Military Goods," AEA Papers and Proceedings, American Economic Association, volume 115, pages 573-577, May, DOI: 10.1257/pandp.20251084.
- Antonio Coppola & Arvind Krishnamurthy & Chenzi Xu, 2025, "Currency Development through Liquidity Provision," AEA Papers and Proceedings, American Economic Association, volume 115, pages 599-604, May, DOI: 10.1257/pandp.20251042.
- Stephan Lefebvre, 2025, "A Review Essay of The Economics of Structural Racism by Patrick Mason," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, volume 63, issue 3, pages 1011-1037, September, DOI: 10.1257/jel.20241770.
- Arkadiusz Lipiecki & Katarzyna Sznajd-Weron, 2025, "Depolarizing power of anticonformity," WORking papers in Management Science (WORMS), Department of Operations Research and Business Intelligence, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, number WORMS/25/03.
- Ivanka MIHAYLOVA & Bozhidar NEDEV, 2025, "Behavioral biases in conflict resolution in the financial sector: Empirical evidence from Bulgaria," Access Journal, Access Press Publishing House, volume 6, issue 1, pages 159-183, November, DOI: 10.46656/access.2025.6.1(9).
- Boris Gershman & Ameesh Upadhyay, 2025, "Fragmentation or Inequality: Ethnic Divisions and Conflict in Sub-Saharan Africa," Working Papers, American University, Department of Economics, number 2025-01.
- Katrina Kosec & Cecilia Hyunjung Mo, 2025, "The Unintended Consequences of Social Transfer Programs: Effects on Conflict, Governance, and Social Cohesion," Annual Review of Resource Economics, Annual Reviews, volume 17, issue 1, pages 467-491, October, DOI: 10.1146/annurev-resource-112923-094.
- Matt Lowe, 2025, "Has Intergroup Contact Delivered?," Annual Review of Economics, Annual Reviews, volume 17, issue 1, pages 321-344, August, DOI: 10.1146/annurev-economics-081324-09.
- Dominic Rohner & Ekaterina Zhuravskaya, 2025, "The Economics of Nation-Building: Methodological Tool Kit and Policy Lessons," Annual Review of Economics, Annual Reviews, volume 17, issue 1, pages 453-478, August, DOI: 10.1146/annurev-economics-081224-10.
- Cathrin Mohr & Christoph Trebesch, 2025, "Geoeconomics," Annual Review of Economics, Annual Reviews, volume 17, issue 1, pages 563-587, August, DOI: 10.1146/annurev-economics-092424-11.
- Leander Heldring, 2025, "The Origins of Government and the State," Annual Review of Economics, Annual Reviews, volume 17, issue 1, pages 77-97, August, DOI: 10.1146/annurev-economics-081224-06.
- Pedro Albarr'an & Antonio Robles & Anna Sanz-de-Galdeano, 2025, "The Aftermath of Peace: The Impact of the FARC's Ceasefire on Forced Displacement in Colombia," Papers, arXiv.org, number 2508.20662, Aug.
- Marina Diakonova & Corinna Ghirelli & Javier J. Pérez, 2025, "Political polarization in Europe," Working Papers, Banco de España, number 2533, Sep, DOI: https://doi.org/10.53479/40746.
- Johannes Buggle & Max Deter & Martin Lange, 2025, "Networks of Dissent: Social Leaders and Protest in an Autocracy," Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers, Berlin School of Economics, number 0064, Apr, DOI: 10.48462/opus4-5821.
- Felix Kersting, 2025, "Bismarck's Welfare State and the Socialists," Berlin School of Economics Discussion Papers, Berlin School of Economics, number 0081, Oct, DOI: 10.48462/opus4-5989.
- Carlos Alós-Ferrera & Salvador Barberà & Danilo Coelho & Matias Nunez, 2025, "Fairness vs. Simplicity in Appointment Rules," Working Papers, Barcelona School of Economics, number 1490, May.
- Luis Menéndez & Daniel Montolio & Hannes Mueller & Francesco Slataper, 2025, "Breaking the Echo Chamber: Social Media Networks and Political Conflict," Working Papers, Barcelona School of Economics, number 1505, Sep.
- Laura Mayoral & Hannes Mueller, 2025, "Rents, Rules or Revolution: A Survey of Institutional Pathways to Peace," Working Papers, Barcelona School of Economics, number 1511, Sep.
- Konstantin Egorov & Vasily Korovkin & Alexey Makarin & Dzhamilya Nigmatulina, 2025, "Trade Sanctions," Working Papers, Barcelona School of Economics, number 1516, Oct.
- Esther Hauk, 2025, "Foreign Influence and Identity Equilibria: A Model of External Intervention and Social Alignment," Working Papers, Barcelona School of Economics, number 1523, Oct.
- Oksana Sedashova & Nataliia Kalinina & Mykola Kazantsev, 2025, "Mediation, negotiation and management in conflict resolution: an example of it business," Economic Synergy, Higher Educational Institution Academician Yuriy Bugay International Scientific & Technical University, issue 1, pages 126-136, DOI: 10.53920/ES-2025-1-9.
- Diana Levchenko & Ihor Okuniev & Viktoriia Polishchuk, 2025, "Mediation as a new procedure for resolution of conflict in management," Economic Synergy, Higher Educational Institution Academician Yuriy Bugay International Scientific & Technical University, issue 1, pages 177-188, DOI: 10.53920/ES-2025-1-13.
- Roman Stadniichuk, 2025, "Research on administrative mechanisms of social conflict management in Ukraine," Economic Synergy, Higher Educational Institution Academician Yuriy Bugay International Scientific & Technical University, issue 1, pages 189-199, DOI: 10.53920/ES-2025-1-14.
- Maria Arbatskaya & Hideo Konishi, 2025, "Disclosing Effort in Dynamic Team Contests With Effort Complementarity," Journal of Public Economic Theory, Association for Public Economic Theory, volume 27, issue 5, October, DOI: 10.1111/jpet.70063.
- Subhasish M. Chowdhury & Anwesha Mukherjee & Roman M. Sheremeta, 2025, "In‐Group Versus Out‐Group Preferences in Intergroup Conflict: An Experiment," Journal of Public Economic Theory, Association for Public Economic Theory, volume 27, issue 5, October, DOI: 10.1111/jpet.70074.
- Noam Yuchtman, 2025, "Universities and the Contested Creation of the Elite," Manchester School, University of Manchester, volume 93, issue 5, pages 427-433, September, DOI: 10.1111/manc.12517.
- Vladimir Hlasny, 2025, "Redistributive Impacts of Civil War: The Case of Côte d'Ivoire," Review of Development Economics, Wiley Blackwell, volume 29, issue 3, pages 1734-1767, August, DOI: 10.1111/rode.13189.
- Maria Arbatskaya & Hideo Konishi, 2025, "Disclosing Effort in Dynamic Team Contests with Effort Complementarity," Boston College Working Papers in Economics, Boston College Department of Economics, number 1094, Jul.
- Paolo Buonanno & Giacomo Plevani, 2025, "Planting the Seeds of Polarization: Sharecropping, Agrarian Conflict and Enduring Political Divides," Working Papers, Dipartimento Scienze Economiche, Universita' di Bologna, number wp1214, Oct.
- Wang Hao, 2025, "Memoryless-Strategy Equilibria of a N-Player War of Attrition Game with Complete Information," The B.E. Journal of Theoretical Economics, De Gruyter, volume 25, issue 1, pages 137-164, DOI: 10.1515/bejte-2024-0081.
- Nakao Keisuke, 2025, "Simultaneous Battles and Sequential Battles in Bargaining Models of War," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, volume 31, issue 1, pages 1-20, DOI: 10.1515/peps-2024-0033.
- Appelbaum Elie, 2025, "The Dynamic Interactions of Hate, Violence and Economic Well-Being," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, volume 31, issue 1, pages 21-56, DOI: 10.1515/peps-2024-0035.
- Murshed Syed Mansoob & Gates Scott & Hasan Rashel & Badiuzzaman Muhammad, 2025, "How Inequality and Repression Affect the Link Between Food Insecurity and Urban Social Disorder," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, volume 31, issue 2, pages 229-257, DOI: 10.1515/peps-2024-0059.
- Hwang Joongsan, 2025, "Veto Bargaining with Incomplete Information and Risk Preference: An Analysis of Brinkmanship," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, volume 31, issue 3, pages 259-303, DOI: 10.1515/peps-2025-0020.
- Baronchelli Adelaide & Ricciuti Roberto, 2025, "The Battlefield and the Wire: Linking Cyber and Material Conflicts, 2000–2014," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, volume 31, issue 3, pages 365-380, DOI: 10.1515/peps-2025-0050.
- Uros Popadic, 2025, "Permanent membership in the United Nations Security Council as an identity-based obstacle to effective conflict resolution," Medzinarodne vztahy (Journal of International Relations), Ekonomická univerzita, Fakulta medzinárodných vzťahov, volume 23, issue 2, pages 162-184.
- Congressional Budget Office, 2025, "Projected Costs of U.S. Nuclear Forces, 2025 to 2034," Reports, Congressional Budget Office, number 61224, Apr.
- Vesa Kanniainen & Juha-Matti Lehtonen, 2025, "Supporting Ukraine Militarily: Why Is the West Divided?," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 11609.
- Florian Heine & Arno Riedl, 2025, "Let’s (Not) Escalate This! Leadership and Communication in a Group Contest," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 11655.
- Sulin Sardoschau & Annalí Casanueva Artís, 2025, "The Cost of Tolerating Intolerance: Right-Wing Protest and Hate Crimes," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 11745.
- Mohammad Reza Farzanegan & Mohamad Alkurdi Albarawi, 2025, "Destabilizing the Corrupt: US Sanctions and Their Conflict-Inducing Consequences," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 11754.
- Tommaso Giommoni & Gabriel Loumeau & Marco Tabellini & Gabriel Loumeau, 2025, "Extractive Taxation and the French Revolution," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 11798.
- Michelle R. Garfinkel & Constantinos Syropoulos, 2025, "Interstate Conflict and International Trade," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 11801.
- Michelle R. Garfinkel & Constantinos Syropoulos, 2025, "Trade Interdependence, Arming and the Choice Between War and Peace," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 11802.
- Aurel Stenzel & Johannes Lohse & Till Requate & Israel Waichman, 2025, "Altruistic Cooperation," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 11880.
- Eva Davoine & Joseph Enguehard & Igor Kolesnikov, 2025, "The Political Costs of Taxation," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 11945.
- Axel Dreher & Jingke Pan & Christina Schneider, 2025, "Foreign Aid and Targeted Political Violence," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 11970.
- Yeonha Jung & Gedeon Lim & Sangyoon Park, 2025, "Civilian Killings and Long-Run Development: Evidence from the Korean War," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 11974.
- Ying Bao & Jessie Liu, 2025, "Spiral of Silence: How Neutral Moderation Polarizes Content Creation," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 12008.
- Dominic Rohner, 2025, "Conflict," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 12035.
- Björn Brey & Joanne Haddad & Lamis Kattan, 2025, "Collective Memory and National Identity Formation: The Role of Family and the State," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 12080.
- Sebastian Schweighofer-Kodritsch & Steffen Huck & Macartan Humphreys, 2025, "Political Salience and Regime Resilience," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 12116.
- Joop Age Harm Adema & Lasha Chargaziia & Yvonne Giesing & Sarah Necker & Panu Poutvaara, 2025, "What Drives Refugees' Return After Conflict?," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 12118.
- Stergios Skaperdas & Samarth Vaidya, 2025, "Guns, Lawyers, and Markets: On Economic and Political Consequences of Costly Conflict," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 12135.
- Nicole Stoelinga & Tuuli Tähtinen, 2025, "Conflict and Democratic Preferences," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 12178.
- Adelaide Baronchelli & Alessandra Foresta & Roberto Ricciuti & Flavio Santi & Tadele Tefera, 2025, "Air Supremacy Is Not Enough: The Effect of Drone and Air Strikes on Terrorist Attacks in Somalia and Yemen," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 12242.
- Konstantin Egorov & Vasily Korovkin & Alexey Makarin & Dzhamilya Nigmatulina, 2025, "Trade Sanctions," CESifo Working Paper Series, CESifo, number 12341.
- Travis Baseler & Thomas Ginn & Ibrahim Kasirye & Belinda Muya & Andrew Zeitlin, 2025, "Cash and Small Business Groups for Ugandans and Refugees," Working Papers, Center for Global Development, number 716, Mar.
- Alessandra Cassar & Eeshani Kandpal & Miranda Lambert & Christine Mbabaze Mpyangu & Danila Serra, 2025, "From Childhood Abduction to Adulthood: Enduring Consequences for Women in Uganda," Working Papers, Center for Global Development, number 738, Dec.
- Kiet Tuan Duong & Steven Ongena & Nam T. Vu & Luu Duc Toan Huynh, 2025, "Sanctions and Knowledge Spillovers," Swiss Finance Institute Research Paper Series, Swiss Finance Institute, number 25-01, Jan.
- Marion Mercier & Arthur Silve & Benjamin Tremblay-Auger, 2025, "Building Reputation: State-Sponsored Rebellions and Transnational Identities," Working Papers, Chapman University, Economic Science Institute, number 25-11.
- Mathieu Couttenier & Julian Marcoux & Thierry Mayer & Mathias Thoenig, 2025, "The Gravity of Violence," Working Papers, CEPII research center, number 2025-02, Jan.
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