閥

See also: 阀

閥 U+95A5, 閥 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-95A5 ← 閤 [U+95A4] CJK Unified Ideographs 閦 → [U+95A6]

Translingual

Han character

閥 (Kangxi radical 169, 門+6, 14 strokes, Cangjie input 日弓人戈 (ANOI), four-corner 7725₃, composition ⿵門伐)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1334, character 19
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41308
• Dae Jaweon: page 1840, character 25
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4297, character 1
• Unihan data for U+95A5

Chinese

trad.		閥
simp.		阀
2nd round simp.		伐

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 閥
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (伐) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
茷	*paːds, *bads, *bad
筏	*paːd, *bad
伐	*bad
閥	*bad
垡	*bad
栰	*bad

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *bad): semantic 門 + phonetic 伐 (OC *bad).

Etymology

Meaning "valve" is borrowed from English valve.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): fá (fa²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄚˊ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): fa²

  (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): fåq

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fat⁶
• Gan (Wiktionary): fah⁶
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): fa̍t

  (Hailu, HRS): fad^ˋ

  (Meixian, Guangdong): fad⁶

• Northern Min (KCR): huă
• Eastern Min (BUC): huăk
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): huah⁷ / huoh⁷
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hoa̍t

  (Teochew, Peng'im): huêg⁸ / huag⁸

• Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁸vaq / ⁸vaeq

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fá
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄚˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fá
    • Wade–Giles: fa²
    • Yale: fá
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: far
    • Palladius: фа (fa)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fä³⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: fa²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fa
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fa²¹/
  • (Nanjing)
    • Nanjing Pinyin: fåq
    • Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): faq⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /faʔ⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: fat⁶
    • Yale: faht
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fat⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: fed⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɐt̚²/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: fah⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /faʔ⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fa̍t
    • Hakka Romanization System: fad
    • Hagfa Pinyim: fad⁶
    • Sinological IPA: /fat̚⁵/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: fad^ˋ
    • Sinological IPA: /fat²/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: fad⁶
    • Sinological IPA: /fat̚⁵/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: huă
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xua²⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: huăk
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huaʔ⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: huah⁷
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: hua̍h
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huaʔ⁴/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: huoh⁷
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huoʔ⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoa̍t
    • Tâi-lô: hua̍t
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hoat
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /huat̚⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /huat̚²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /huat̚¹²¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /huat̚⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /huat̚⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: huêg⁸ / huag⁸
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hue̍k / hua̍k
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huek̚⁴/, /huak̚⁴/

Note:

• huêg8 - Chaozhou;
• huag8 - Shantou, Jieyang, Chenghai, Chaoyang.

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading, Changzhou, Jiaxing, Tongxiang, Ningbo)
    • Wugniu: ⁸vaq
    • MiniDict: vah^入
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁵vaq
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /vaʔ¹²/
    • Sinological IPA (Jiading): /vaʔ¹²/
    • Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /vaʔ²³/
    • Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /vaʔ²²/
    • Sinological IPA (Tongxiang): /vaʔ²²/
    • Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /vɐʔ¹²/
  • (Northern: Songjiang, Chongming, Suzhou, Shaoxing)
    • Wugniu: ⁸vaeq
    • MiniDict: vaeh^入
    • Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /βæʔ²²/
    • Sinological IPA (Chongming): /fvæʔ²/
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /vaʔ²³/
    • Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /væʔ²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: bjot

Rime
Character	閥
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	月 (68)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	房越切
Baxter	bjot
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bʉɐt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/bʷiɐt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/biuɐt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/buat̚/
Li Rong	/biuɐt̚/
Wang Li	/bĭwɐt̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/bʱi̯wɐt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fá
Expected Cantonese Reflex	faat6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*bad/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	閥
Reading #	1/1
No.	2861
Phonetic component	伐
Rime group	月
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	伐
Old Chinese	/*bad/
Notes	古作伐

Definitions

閥

1. contribution
2. family status
3. powerful and influential group
4. valve

Synonyms

• (valve):

edit

• 撰頭 (Min Nan)
• 活瓣 (huóbàn) (Taiwan)
• 活門 / 活门 (huómén)
• 閥門 / 阀门 (fámén)

Compounds

• 制水閥 / 制水阀
• 北洋軍閥 / 北洋军阀 (Běiyáng Jūnfá)
• 名閥 / 名阀
• 婚閥 / 婚阀
• 學閥 / 学阀 (xuéfá)
• 安全閥 / 安全阀 (ānquánfá)
• 官閥 / 官阀
• 排泥閥 / 排泥阀
• 減壓閥 / 减压阀
• 空氣閥 / 空气阀 (kōngqìfá)
• 財閥 / 财阀 (cáifá)
• 軍閥 / 军阀 (jūnfá)
• 門閥 / 门阀 (ménfá)
• 閘閥 / 闸阀 (zháfá)
• 閥族 / 阀族
• 閥閱 / 阀阅
• 黨閥 / 党阀 (dǎngfá)

References

• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “阀”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 61.

Japanese

Kanji

閥

(Jōyō kanji)

1. powerful and influential group; a clique

Readings

• Go-on: ぼち (bochi)
• Kan-on: はつ (hatsu)
• Kan’yō-on: ばつ (batsu, Jōyō)
• Kun: いえがら (iegara, 閥)、いさお (isao, 閥)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
閥
ばつ Grade: S
kan'yōon

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ばつ [báꜜtsù] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ba̠t͡sɨ]

Noun

閥(ばつ) • (batsu) 

1. clique; group; faction

Korean

Hanja

閥 • (beol) (hangeul 벌, revised beol, McCune–Reischauer pŏl, Yale pel)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

閥: Hán Nôm readings: phiệt

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.