見る
Japanese
editEtymology
edit| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 見 |
| み Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi |
From Old Japanese. First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE.[1] From Proto-Japonic *miru. Cognate with 目 (me, “eye”).
Pronunciation
edit- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 見る
| Plain | 見る | みる | [míꜜrù] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conjunctive | 見て | みて | [míꜜtè] |
| Perfective | 見た | みた | [míꜜtà] |
| Negative | 見ない | みない | [míꜜnàì] |
| Negative perfective | 見なかった | みなかった | [míꜜnàkàttà] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 見れば | みれば | [míꜜrèbà] |
| Past conditional | 見たら | みたら | [míꜜtàrà] |
| Imperative | 見ろ 見よ |
みろ みよ |
[míꜜrò] [míꜜyò] |
| Volitional | 見よう | みよー | [mìyóꜜò] |
| Desiderative | 見たい | みたい | [mìtáꜜì] |
| Formal | 見ます | みます | [mìmáꜜsù] |
| Formal negative | 見ません | みません | [mìmáséꜜǹ] |
| Formal volitional | 見ましょう | みましょー | [mìmáshóꜜò] |
| Formal perfective | 見ました | みました | [mìmáꜜshìtà] |
| Continuative | 見 見に |
み みに |
[míꜜ] [míꜜ nì] |
| Negative continuative | 見ず 見ずに |
みず みずに |
[míꜜzù] [míꜜzù nì] |
| Passive | 見られる | みられる | [mìráréꜜrù] |
| Causative | 見させる 見さす |
みさせる みさす |
[mìsáséꜜrù] [mìsáꜜsù] |
| Potential | 見られる 見れる |
みられる みれる |
[mìráréꜜrù] [mìréꜜrù] |
Verb
edit見る • (miru) transitive ichidan (stem 見 (mi), past 見た (mita))
| Japanese verb pair | |
|---|---|
| causative | 見せる |
| active | 見る |
| mediopassive | 見える |
- to see, to watch, to observe, to look at something
- 2003 October 10, Quentin Tarantino, Kill Bill: Volume 1, spoken by young O-Ren Ishii (Ai Maeda), Miramax Films:
- 松本……あたしを見て……あたしの顔をよーく見て……あたしの目を見て……あたしの口を見て……見覚えないかい?……あんたが殺した誰かに……似てないかい!
- Matsumoto…… Atashi o mite…… Atashi no kao o yōku mite…… Atashi no me o mite…… Atashi no kuchi o mite…… Mioboe nai kai?…… Anta ga koroshita dare ka ni…… nitenai kai!
- Matsumoto…… Look at me…… Take a good look at my face…… My eyes…… My mouth…… Don’t I look familiar to you?…… Like someone…… you murdered⁉
- 松本……あたしを見て……あたしの顔をよーく見て……あたしの目を見て……あたしの口を見て……見覚えないかい?……あんたが殺した誰かに……似てないかい!
- to look over, to examine, to judge
- to take care of, to look after, to keep an eye on somebody
- to view something, like paintings, flowers or a movie
- みる: (auxiliary, after the te form of a verb)
Usage notes
edit- (sense 5.1): Implies that the action has never been attempted by the subject.
Conjugation
edit| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 見 | み | mi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 見 | み | mi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 見る | みる | miru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 見る | みる | miru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 見れ | みれ | mire |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 見よ¹ 見ろ² |
みよ¹ みろ² |
miyo¹ miro² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 見られる | みられる | mirareru |
| Causative | 見させる 見さす |
みさせる みさす |
misaseru misasu |
| Potential | 見られる 見れる³ |
みられる みれる³ |
mirareru mireru³ |
| Volitional | 見よう | みよう | miyō |
| Negative | 見ない 見ぬ 見ん |
みない みぬ みん |
minai minu min |
| Negative continuative | 見ず | みず | mizu |
| Formal | 見ます | みます | mimasu |
| Perfective | 見た | みた | mita |
| Conjunctive | 見て | みて | mite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 見れば | みれば | mireba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 見 | み | mi |
| Continuative (連用形) | 見 | み | mi |
| Terminal (終止形) | 見る | みる | miru |
| Attributive (連体形) | 見る | みる | miru |
| Realis (已然形) | 見れ | みれ | mire |
| Imperative (命令形) | 見よ | みよ | miyo |
| Key constructions | |||
| Negative | 見ず | みず | mizu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 見れど | みれど | miredo |
| Causal conjunction | 見れば | みれば | mireba |
| Conditional conjunction | 見ば | みば | miba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 見き | みき | miki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 見けり | みけり | mikeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 見つ | みつ | mitu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 見ぬ | みぬ | minu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 見たり | みたり | mitari |
| Volitional | 見む | みむ | mimu |
¹ Archaic form, now mostly used in set phrases, written language and formal speech. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Synonyms
edit- 視聴する (shichō suru)
Derived terms
edit- 見せる (miseru, “to show”)
- 見る影もない (miru kage mo nai), 見る影も無い (miru kage mo nai): mere shadow of one's former self; having no trace left of something great once possessed
- 夢を見る (yume o miru, “to have a dream”)
- 試みる (kokoromiru, “to try; to taste”)
- 省みる (kaerimiru, “to look back, reconsider”)
Related terms
editReferences
edit- ^ “見・看・視・観・覧”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
- ^ Uwano, Zendo (31 October 2002), “見島方言の用言のアクセント調査報告 [A Report on the Accentual Surveys of Verbs and Adjectives in the Mishima Dialect]”, in 環太平洋の「消滅に瀕した言語」にかんする緊急調査研究 [Endangered languages of the Pacific Rim][2], →ISSN, archived from the original on 25 September 2022
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- “見る”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][3] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Categories:
- Japanese terms spelled with 見 read as み
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation with pitch accent
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese transitive verbs
- Japanese ichidan verbs
- Japanese kami ichidan verbs
- Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- Japanese auxiliary verbs