Wiktionary

east

See also: East

English

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East.
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Etymology

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From Middle English est, from Old English ēast, from Proto-West Germanic *austr, from Proto-Germanic *austrą, from Proto-Germanic *austraz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éwsteros (“east”).

Cognates

Cognate with Scots aist (“east”), North Frisian uast, ååst, ööst (“east”), Saterland Frisian Aaste (“east”), West Frisian east (“east”), Dutch oost (“east”), German Ost (“east”), Danish and Norwegian Bokmål øst (“east”), Faroese eystur (“east”), Icelandic austur (“east”), Norwegian Nynorsk aust, øst (“east”), Swedish ost, öst, öster (“east”); also with Avestan 𐬎𐬱𐬀𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬭𐬀 (ušastara, “eastern”), Latin auster (“south”).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /iːst/, enPR: ēst
  • Audio (US):(file)
  • Audio (UK):(file)
  • Rhymes: -iːst

Noun

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east (plural easts)

  2. The direction of the earth's rotation, specifically 90°.
    Alternative form: (abbreviation) E
    Portsmouth is to the east of Southampton.
    We live in the east of the country.
    The sun rises in the east.
    The levanter wind is in/from the east.
    • 1895, Thomas Hardy, Jude the Obscure:
      In a few hours the birds come to it from all points of the compass – east, west, north, and south […]
  3. The eastern region or area; the inhabitants thereof. [circa 1300]
    • 1855, John Reynolds, My Own Times: Embracing Also the History of My Life, page 271:
      We, in the west, agreed amongst ourselves that a penitentiary should be erected with our half of the money arising as above stated; and the east agreed to improve the country in their vicinity with the other half.
  4. (ecclesiastical) In a church: the direction of the altar and chancel; the direction faced by the priest when celebrating ad orientem.
    • 2014 April 11, Paul Porwoll, Against All Odds: History of Saint Andrew's Parish Church, Charleston, 1706–2013, Bloomington, Ind.: WestBow Press, →ISBN, pages 364–365:
      A few [Anglican churches in South Carolina, Virginia and Maryland] are oriented other than due [geographic] east—St. Paul's, St. George's, and Prince George's parish churches face northeast and St. Andrew's, southeast. […] Throughout the book I refer directionally to the altar and chancel of St. Andrew's as situated at ecclesiastical east (to avoid overcomplicating matters), not geographical or magnetic southeast. Thus, the altar is located at the east end of the church, and the gallery, at the west.
    • 2018, Anat Geva, Modernism and American Mid-20th Century Sacred Architecture, Routledge, →ISBN:
      However, in Mies' chapel, liturgical east is magnetic west.
    • 2019, Sarah Hosking, "Coventry Cathedral", in Prickett Stephen Prickett, Edinburgh Companion to the Bible and the Arts, Edinburgh University Press, →ISBN, page 371:
      The tapestry by Graham Sutherland that occupies the whole wall of the liturgical east and geographic north of the cathedral is recognisable to the point of visual exhaustion.

Coordinate terms

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compass points:  [edit]

northwest north northeast
west   east
southwest south southeast

Derived terms

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Translations

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Also see Appendix:Cardinal directions for translations of all compass points
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Adjective

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east (not comparable)

  1. Situated or lying in or towards the east; eastward.
  2. (meteorology) Blowing (as wind) from the east.
  3. Of or pertaining to the east; eastern.
  4. From the East; oriental.
  5. (ecclesiastical) Designating, or situated in, the liturgical east.
    the east front of a cathedral
    • 2014, Paul Porwoll, Against All Odds: History of Saint Andrew's Parish Church, Charleston, 1706-2013, WestBow Press, →ISBN, page 365:
      Throughout the book I refer directionally to the altar and chancel of St. Andrew's as situated at ecclesiastical east (to avoid overcomplicating matters), not geographical or magnetic southeast. Thus, the altar is located at the east end of the church, and the gallery, at the west.
    • 2019, Sarah Hosking, "Coventry Cathedral", in Prickett Stephen Prickett, Edinburgh Companion to the Bible and the Arts, Edinburgh University Press, →ISBN, page 371:
      The tapestry by Graham Sutherland that occupies the whole wall of the liturgical east and geographic north of the cathedral is recognisable […] a huge image of Christ on the [liturgical] east end, filling the entire wall and to be visible through the [liturgical] West Window (Fig. 24.2).

Synonyms

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  • (situated or lying in or towards the east): eastward
  • (meteorology: wind from the east): easterly
  • (of or pertaining to the east): eastern
  • (from the East): oriental

Antonyms

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  • (antonym(s) of “situated or lying in or towards the east”): westward
  • (antonym(s) of “meteorology: wind from the east”): westerly
  • (antonym(s) of “of or pertaining to the east”): western

Translations

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Adverb

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east (comparative further east or farther east, superlative furthest east or farthest east)

  1. Towards the east; eastwards.

Synonyms

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Antonyms

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Translations

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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Descendants

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  • → Cornish: est

Anagrams

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Estonian

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Noun

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east

  1. elative singular of iga

Old English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *austr.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ēast m

  2. the east

Declension

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Strong a-stem:

singular plural
nominative ēast ēastas
accusative ēast ēastas
genitive ēastes ēasta
dative ēaste ēastum

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Adjective

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ēast (comparative ēastra, superlative ēastemest)

  2. eastern, easterly

Declension

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Declension of ēast — Strong
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative ēast ēast ēast
Accusative ēastne ēaste ēast
Genitive ēastes ēastre ēastes
Dative ēastum ēastre ēastum
Instrumental ēaste ēastre ēaste
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative ēaste ēasta, ēaste ēast
Accusative ēaste ēasta, ēaste ēast
Genitive ēastra ēastra ēastra
Dative ēastum ēastum ēastum
Instrumental ēastum ēastum ēastum
Declension of ēast — Weak
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative ēasta ēaste ēaste
Accusative ēastan ēastan ēaste
Genitive ēastan ēastan ēastan
Dative ēastan ēastan ēastan
Instrumental ēastan ēastan ēastan
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative ēastan ēastan ēastan
Accusative ēastan ēastan ēastan
Genitive ēastra, ēastena ēastra, ēastena ēastra, ēastena
Dative ēastum ēastum ēastum
Instrumental ēastum ēastum ēastum

Descendants

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Adverb

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ēast

  2. from the east
  3. towards the east

Descendants

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  • Middle English: est
  • → Old French: est
    • French: est (see there for further descendants)

West Frisian

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Etymology

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From Old Frisian āst, from Proto-West Germanic *austr.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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east

  1. east, eastern, easterly

Inflection

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This adjective needs an inflection-table template.

Noun

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east n (plural [please provide])

  1. east

Noun

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east c (plural [please provide])

  1. east, eastern former colonies

See also

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compass points:  [edit]

noard
west   east
súd

Further reading

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  • “east”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011

Yola

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Etymology

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From Middle English est, from Old English ēast, from Proto-West Germanic *austr.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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east

  1. east
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References

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  • Charles Vallancey (1788), “Memoir of the Language, Manners and Customs of an Anglo-Saxon Colony Settled in the Baronies of Forth and Bargie, in the County of Wexford, Ireland, in 1167, 1168 and 1169.”, in The Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy‎[1], volume 2, Royal Irish Academy, page 34
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