Hakuchi dialect

Hakuchi (Adyghe: ХьакӀуцубзэ [ħaːkʷʼɘt͡sʷɘbzɐ] or Къарацхаибзэ [qaːraːt͡sxaːjɘbzɐ] in Hakuchi Adyghe) is a variety of the Shapsug sub-dialect of West Adyghe dialect of the Adyghe language spoken in Turkey. It is considered to be the most archaic variety of Adyghe.

Hakuchi
Къарацхаибзэ
Pronunciation	[qaːraːt͡sxaːjɘbzɐ]
Native to	Turkey
Ethnicity	Hakuchey
Language family	Northwest Caucasian Circassian Adyghe Black Sea coast dialects Shapsug Hakuchi
Language codes
ISO 639-3	–
Glottolog	xaku1238

Since the Hakuchi are considered an isolated Shapsug clan, their dialect differs little from that of the Shapsug dialect. It is also believed that the Hakuchis are a blend of various Circassian tribes: Shapsug, Ubykh, Abdzakh and others. This is why the Hakuchi dialect has some interesting phonetics in it.

Phonology

The Hakuchi has an uvular ejective [qʼ] and a labialized uvular ejective [qʷʼ] that correspond to West Adyghe and Kabardian Adyghe glottal stop [ʔ] and labialized glottal stop [ʔʷ].

Word	Hakuchi dialect		Ubykh	West Adyghe		Kabardian
	IPA	Cyrillic		IPA	Cyrillic	IPA	Cyrillic
two	[tʼqʷʼə]	тӀыкъӀу	tʼqʷʼɜ	[tʷʼə]	тӀу	[tʼəw]	тӀу
to say	[qʷʼan]	къӀон (къӀуэн)	qʼɜ	[ʔʷan]	Ӏон	[ʔʷan]	Ӏуэн
hand	[qʼa]	къӀэ	q'ɐp'ɜ	[ʔa]	Ӏэ	[ʔa]	Ӏэ
table	[qʼaːna]	къӀанэ	ʂɜ'nɨ	[ʔaːna]	Ӏанэ	[ʔana]	Ӏэнэ
hat	[paːqʷʼa]	пакъӀо (пакъӀуэ)	bˤɜ'qˤʼɨ	[paːʔʷa]	паӀо	[pəʔa]	пыIэ

See also

• Ubykh language
• Circassian languages
  • Adyghe language
    • Abzakh Adyghe dialect
    • Bzhedug Adyghe dialect
    • Shapsug Adyghe dialect
      • Kfar Kama Adyghe dialect
  • Kabardian language
    • Besleney Kabardian dialect

References

• John Colarusso, A grammar of the Kabardian language, University of Calgary Press, 1992, ISBN 0-919813-99-2, p. 2
• Henricus Joannes Smeets, Studies in West Circassian phonology and morphology, Hakuchi Press, 1984, pp. 3,361,452