Effects of pH on Potassium

Maintenance of extracellular K⁺ concentration within a narrow range is vital for numerous cell functions, particularly electrical excitability of heart and muscle. Potassium homeostasis during intermittent ingestion of K⁺ involves rapid redistribution of K⁺ into the intracellular space to minimize increases in extracellular K⁺ concentration, and ultimate elimination of the K⁺ load by renal excretion. Recent years have seen great progress in identifying the transporters and channels involved in renal and extrarenal K⁺ homeostasis. Here we apply these advances in molecular physiology to understand how acid-base disturbances affect serum potassium.