*Memos:
- My post explains the tuple with indexing and the useful functions.
- My post explains the tuple with slicing and copy.
- My post explains a list and the list with indexing.
- My post explains a set and copy.
- My post explains a dictionary, the dictionary with keying and copy.
- My post explains variable assignment.
- My post explains shallow copy and deep copy.
A tuple:
- is an ordered collection to use non-huge data not to get
MemoryError. - allows duplicated elements (even with different types).
- is immutable so it cannot be changed.
- can have any mixed types of elements.
- can be enlarged with
*and a number. - can be created by tuple() with or without a list, tuple, set, dictionary, iterator, string or range() or by a tuple comprehension.
- can be used with len() to get the length.
- can be accessed but cannot be changed by indexing or slicing.
- cannot be copied to always refer to the same tuple.
A tuple is for non-huge data otherwise it gets MemoryError.
You can create a tuple as shown below:
v = () # Empty 1D tuple
v = tuple() # Empty 1D tuple
v = ('a',) # 1D tuple
v = 'a', # 1D tuple
v = ('a') # It's `str` but not tuple.
v = 'a' # It's `str` but not tuple.
v = ('a'), # 1D tuple
v = ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h') # 1D tuple
v = 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h' # 1D tuple
v = ('a', 'b', 'c', 'a', 'b', 'c') # 1D tuple
v = (('a',),) # 2D tuple
v = ((('a'),)), # 2D tuple
v = ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd', ('e', 'f', 'g', 'h')) # 2D tuple
v = (('a', 'b', 'c', 'd'), ('e', 'f', 'g', 'h')) # 2D tuple
v = ((('a',),),) # 3D tuple
v = ((((('a'),)),)), # 3D tuple
v = (('a', 'b', 'c', 'd'), (('e', 'f'), ('g', 'h'))) # 3D tuple
v = ((('a', 'b'), ('c', 'd')), (('e', 'f')), ('g', 'h'))) # 3D tuple
v = (1, 1.0, 1.0+0.0j, True)
v = ('a', 2, 2.3, 2.3+4.5j, True, [2, 3], (2, 3), {2, 3}, {'a':'A'})
# No error
A tuple is an ordered collection as shown below:
v = ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e')
print(v) # ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e')
A tuple allows duplicated elements (even with different types) as shown below:
v = ('a', 'b', 'c', 'a', 'b', 'c')
print(v) # ('a', 'b', 'c', 'a', 'b', 'c')
v = (1, 1.0, 1.0+0.0j, True)
print(v) # (1, 1.0, (1+0j), True)
A tuple can have any mixed types of elements as shown below:
v = ('a', 2, 2.3, 2.3+4.5j, True, [2, 3], (2, 3), {2, 3}, {'a':'A'})
print(v)
# ('a', 2, 2.3, (2.3+4.5j), True, [2, 3], (2, 3), {2, 3}, {'a': 'A'})
A tuple can be enlarged with * and a number as shown below:
1D list:
v1 = ('a', 'b', 'c') * 3
v2 = (0,) * 3
print(v1) # ('a', 'b', 'c', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'a', 'b', 'c')
print(v2) # (0, 0, 0)
2D list:
v1 = (('a', 'b', 'c'),) * 3
v2 = ((0,),) * 3
print(v1) # (('a', 'b', 'c'), ('a', 'b', 'c'), ('a', 'b', 'c'))
print(v2) # ((0,), (0,), (0,))
3D list:
v1 = ((('a', 'b', 'c'),),) * 3
v2 = (((0,),),) * 3
print(v1) # ((('a', 'b', 'c'),), (('a', 'b', 'c'),), (('a', 'b', 'c'),))
print(v2) # (((0,),), ((0,),), ((0,),))
tuple() can create a tuple with or without a list, tuple, set, dictionary, iterator, string or range() as shown below:
*Memos:
- The 1st argument is
iterable(Optional-Type:iterable). - Don't use
iterable=.
v = tuple() # Empty tuple
print() # ()
v = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'] # List
print(tuple(v)) # ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e')
v = ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e') # Tuple
print(tuple(v)) # ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e')
v = {'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'} # Set
print(tuple(v)) # ('c', 'a', 'd', 'b', 'e')
v = {'name': 'John', 'age': 36, 'gender': 'Male'} # Dictionary
print(tuple(v))
print(tuple(v.keys()))
# ('name', 'age', 'gender')
print(tuple(v.values()))
# ('John', 36, 'Male')
print(tuple(v.items()))
# (('name', 'John'), ('age', 36), ('gender', 'Male'))
v = iter(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e']) # Iterator
print(tuple(v)) # ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e')
v = 'Hello' # String
print(tuple(v)) # ('H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o')
v = range(5)
print(tuple(v)) # (0, 1, 2, 3, 4)
A tuple comprehension can create a tuple as shown below:
v = tuple(x**2 for x in range(6))
print(v) # (0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25)
Be careful, a huge tuple gets MemoryError as shown below:
v = ('a', 'b', 'c') * 1000000000
# MemoryError
v = range(100000000)
print(tuple(v)) # MemoryError
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