What Is the Walrus Operator (:=) in Python and Why It's So Useful

Back in Python 3.8, a new syntax quietly showed up and turned out to be surprisingly handy. It’s called the walrus operator (:=).
No, it’s not an actual walrus — but it does help you write cleaner code with fewer lines.

What does it actually do?

In short: it lets you assign a value as part of an expression.
Think of it as saying:

“I want to save this value and use it right now — in one go.”

Here’s an example:

while (line := input(">>> ")) != "exit":
    print(f"You typed: {line}")

What’s happening here:

• You ask the user for input (input(...))
• You store that in the variable line
• Then immediately check if it’s "exit"

All in one concise line.
No need to write line = input(...) and then if line != "exit" separately.

When should you use it?

Use it when:

• You want to assign and compare in the same line (e.g., in a while or if)
• You’re inside a loop or list comprehension
• You want to avoid repeating the same function call

A word of caution: avoid overusing it. If it makes your code harder to read, it might not be worth the compactness.

Bonus example: reading a file line-by-line

with open("example.txt") as file:
    while (line := file.readline()):
        print(line.strip())

This is a clean one-liner for looping through file lines without a separate assignment above the loop.

Final thoughts

The walrus operator might look unusual at first, but once you start using it in the right situations, it becomes a natural part of your coding toolkit.
Try it in small places, and you may find it simplifies your logic and keeps your code more expressive.