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davinceleecode
davinceleecode Subscriber

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Custom Error Pages in ASP.NET (Web.config)

#webdev #programming #beginners #dotnet

Here's how to properly configure custom error pages, including 404s and static file handling.

✅ 1. Enable Custom Errors in web.config 

<configuration>
  <system.web>
    <customErrors mode="On" defaultRedirect="~/ErrorPages/GeneralError.html">
      <error statusCode="404" redirect="~/ErrorPages/404.html" />
      <error statusCode="500" redirect="~/ErrorPages/500.html" />
    </customErrors>
  </system.web>
</configuration>
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📘 customErrors mode Options

Mode Description
Off Shows full error details, including stack trace. Use this only in development.
On Always shows the custom error page defined, even on the local machine.
RemoteOnly Shows detailed error to local requests, and custom page to remote users. Ideal for dev. 
🔐 Tip: In production, use On or RemoteOnly to hide sensitive error details.
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🧱 2. Handle Static File Errors (IIS Level)

By default, IIS handles static file errors (e.g., missing .jpg) and bypasses ASP.NET. To handle those too:
Add this under system.webServer:

<system.webServer>
  <httpErrors errorMode="Custom" existingResponse="Replace">
    <remove statusCode="404" subStatusCode="-1" />
    <error statusCode="404" path="/ErrorPages/404.html" responseMode="ExecuteURL" />
  </httpErrors>
</system.webServer>
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Explanation of httpErrors attributes:
errorMode="Custom": Enables your custom error pages.
existingResponse="Replace": Overwrites the existing IIS error with your own.
responseMode="ExecuteURL": Executes an ASP.NET page or serves a static file.

🎯 Example Folder Structure 

/ErrorPages/
  ├── 404.html
  ├── 500.html
  └── GeneralError.html
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Make sure these files are included in your project and set to "Copy if newer".

Summary

Task Configuration Section
ASP.NET runtime errors in system.web
Static file errors (e.g., 404) in system.webServer
Show detailed errors locally mode="RemoteOnly"
Catch-all fallback mode="defaultRedirect"

If you're using MVC, you can create a custom ErrorController to catch all unhandled errors programmatically.

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