Stack Memory
Definition: Stack memory is a type of memory that stores temporary data. It is used for static memory allocation, meaning the size of data is known at compile time.
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Characteristics:
- Fast Access: Access to stack memory is very fast because it follows a Last In, First Out (LIFO) structure.
- Automatic Management: When a function is called, its variables are stored in stack memory, and when the function exits, that memory is automatically freed.
- Limited Size: Stack memory is typically smaller than heap memory, and if it runs out, a stack overflow error can occur.
Use Cases: Stack memory is used for primitive data types (e.g., numbers, strings, booleans) and function calls.
Heap Memory
Definition: Heap memory is used for dynamic memory allocation, meaning data can be allocated and deallocated at runtime.
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Characteristics:
- Slower Access: Access to heap memory is generally slower than stack memory due to the need for complex management and allocation processes.
- Manual Management: Unlike stack memory, memory in the heap must be manually managed. If you create an object or array, you need to make sure to free it when you are done.
- Larger Size: Heap memory is typically larger than stack memory, allowing for storage of larger objects and complex data structures.
Use Cases: Heap memory is used for objects, arrays, and data structures whose size is not known at compile time.
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