I'm trying to do a simple CMS with PHPCMS with PHP from scratch using MVC structureMVC structure.
Yesterday I posted this:
PHP Login System with persistent loginthis, which is a login system using PHP and it works but it has a handful of problems regarding the OOP aspects of it.
WhichThis is a login system using PHP and it works but it has a handfulkind of problems regarding the version 2. It doesn't have the login functionality, it's just a "routing system" that will support different request methods and supports dynamic routing OOP aspects of it(URL parameters and query strings).
So now this is kind of the version 2. It doesn't have the login functionality, it's just a "routing system" that will support different request methods and supports dynamic routing (URL parameters and query strings).
.
+-- classes
| +-- Database.php
| +-- Route.php
+-- controllers
| +-- AboutUs.php
| +-- Controller.php
+-- views
| +-- about-us.php
+-- .htaccess
+-- index.php
+-- routes.php
.
+-- classes
| +-- Database.php
| +-- Route.php
+-- controllers
| +-- AboutUs.php
| +-- Controller.php
+-- views
| +-- about-us.php
+-- .htaccess
+-- index.php
+-- routes.php
<?php
class Database{
public static $host = 'localhost';
public static $dbName = 'cms';
public static $username = 'root';
public static $password = '';
private static function connect(){
$pdo = new PDO('mysql:host='.self::$host.';dbname='.self::$dbName.';charset=utf8', self::$username, self::$password);
$pdo->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
return $pdo;
}
public static function query($query, $params = array()){
$statement = self::connect()->prepare($query);
$statement->execute($params);
if(explode(' ', $query)[0] == 'SELECT'){
$data = $statement->fetchAll();
return $data;
}
}
}
?>
<?php
class Database{
public static $host = 'localhost';
public static $dbName = 'cms';
public static $username = 'root';
public static $password = '';
private static function connect(){
$pdo = new PDO('mysql:host='.self::$host.';dbname='.self::$dbName.';charset=utf8', self::$username, self::$password);
$pdo->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
return $pdo;
}
public static function query($query, $params = array()){
$statement = self::connect()->prepare($query);
$statement->execute($params);
if(explode(' ', $query)[0] == 'SELECT'){
$data = $statement->fetchAll();
return $data;
}
}
}
?>
<?php
class Route {
public static function get($route, $function){
//get method, don't continue if method is not the
$method = $_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'];
if($method !== 'GET'){ return; }
//check the structure of the url
$struct = self::checkStructure($route, $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']);
//if the requested url matches the one from the route
//get the url params and run the callback passing the params
if($struct){
$params = self::getParams($route, $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']);
$function->__invoke($params);
//prevent checking all other routes
die();
}
}
public static function urlToArray($url1, $url2){
//convert route and requested url to an array
//remove empty values caused by slashes
//and refresh the indexes of the array
$a = array_values(array_filter(explode('/', $url1), function($val){ return $val !== ''; }));
$b = array_values(array_filter(explode('/', $url2), function($val){ return $val !== ''; }));
//debug mode for development
if(true) array_shift($b);
return array($a, $b);
}
public static function checkStructure($url1, $url2){
list($a, $b) = self::urlToArray($url1, $url2);
//if the sizes of the arrays don't match, their structures don't match either
if(sizeof($a) !== sizeof($b)){
return false;
}
//for each value from the route
foreach ($a as $key => $value){
//if the static values from the url don't match
// or the dynamic values start with a '?' character
//their structures don't match
if($value[0] !== ':' && $value !== $b[$key] || $value[0] === ':' && $b[$key][0] === '?'){
return false;
}
}
//else, their structures match
return true;
}
public static function getParams($url1, $url2){
list($a, $b) = self::urlToArray($url1, $url2);
$params = array('params' => array(), 'query' => array());
//foreach value from the route
foreach($a as $key => $value){
//if it's a dynamic value
if($value[0] == ':'){
//get the value from the requested url and throw away the query string (if any)
$param = explode('?', $b[$key])[0];
$params['params'][substr($value, 1)] = $param;
}
}
//get the last item from the request url and parse the query string from it (if any)
$queryString = explode('?', end($b))[1];
parse_str($queryString, $params['query']);
return $params;
}
}
?>
<?php
class Route {
public static function get($route, $function){
//get method, don't continue if method is not the
$method = $_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'];
if($method !== 'GET'){ return; }
//check the structure of the url
$struct = self::checkStructure($route, $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']);
//if the requested url matches the one from the route
//get the url params and run the callback passing the params
if($struct){
$params = self::getParams($route, $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']);
$function->__invoke($params);
//prevent checking all other routes
die();
}
}
public static function urlToArray($url1, $url2){
//convert route and requested url to an array
//remove empty values caused by slashes
//and refresh the indexes of the array
$a = array_values(array_filter(explode('/', $url1), function($val){ return $val !== ''; }));
$b = array_values(array_filter(explode('/', $url2), function($val){ return $val !== ''; }));
//debug mode for development
if(true) array_shift($b);
return array($a, $b);
}
public static function checkStructure($url1, $url2){
list($a, $b) = self::urlToArray($url1, $url2);
//if the sizes of the arrays don't match, their structures don't match either
if(sizeof($a) !== sizeof($b)){
return false;
}
//for each value from the route
foreach ($a as $key => $value){
//if the static values from the url don't match
// or the dynamic values start with a '?' character
//their structures don't match
if($value[0] !== ':' && $value !== $b[$key] || $value[0] === ':' && $b[$key][0] === '?'){
return false;
}
}
//else, their structures match
return true;
}
public static function getParams($url1, $url2){
list($a, $b) = self::urlToArray($url1, $url2);
$params = array('params' => array(), 'query' => array());
//foreach value from the route
foreach($a as $key => $value){
//if it's a dynamic value
if($value[0] == ':'){
//get the value from the requested url and throw away the query string (if any)
$param = explode('?', $b[$key])[0];
$params['params'][substr($value, 1)] = $param;
}
}
//get the last item from the request url and parse the query string from it (if any)
$queryString = explode('?', end($b))[1];
parse_str($queryString, $params['query']);
return $params;
}
}
?>
<?php
class AboutUs extends Controller{
}
?>
<?php
class AboutUs extends Controller{
}
?>
<?php
class Controller extends Database{
public static function CreateView($viewName, $urlParams = null){
require_once('./views/'.$viewName.'.php');
}
}
?>
<?php
class Controller extends Database{
public static function CreateView($viewName, $urlParams = null){
require_once('./views/'.$viewName.'.php');
}
}
?>
<h1>About Us</h1>
<h1>About Us</h1>
RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule ^([^/]+)/? index.php?url=$1 [L,QSA]
RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule ^([^/]+)/? index.php?url=$1 [L,QSA]
<?php
function loadClasses($class_name){
$classesPath = './classes/'.$class_name.'.php';
$controllersPath = './controllers/'.$class_name.'.php';
if(file_exists($classesPath)){
require_once($classesPath);
}else if(file_exists($controllersPath)){
require_once($controllersPath);
}
}
spl_autoload_register(loadClasses);
require_once('routes.php');
?>
<?php
function loadClasses($class_name){
$classesPath = './classes/'.$class_name.'.php';
$controllersPath = './controllers/'.$class_name.'.php';
if(file_exists($classesPath)){
require_once($classesPath);
}else if(file_exists($controllersPath)){
require_once($controllersPath);
}
}
spl_autoload_register(loadClasses);
require_once('routes.php');
?>
<?php
Route::get('/about-us', function(){
AboutUs::CreateView('about-us');
});
?>
<?php
Route::get('/about-us', function(){
AboutUs::CreateView('about-us');
});
?>
1) First, it checks the request method, if it matches, it continues to test the structure of the URLs.
- First, it checks the request method, if it matches, it continues to test the structure of the URLs.
2) If this is the case, it parses the requested URL and looks for URL parameters and query strings, using the route URL as a base.
3) Then it invokes the callback function passing the URL parameters with an associative array.
4) Then I use a die() statement to stop executing the code. I made this because when I have multiple routes, it will check for the structure of everyone even if one just matched.
If this is the case, it parses the requested URL and looks for URL parameters and query strings, using the route URL as a base.
Then it invokes the callback function passing the URL parameters with an associative array.
Then I use a die() statement to stop executing the code. I made this because when I have multiple routes, it will check for the structure of everyone even if one just matched.
BTW, I have only the GET method right now but then when I add more, I'll probably put this into a function and use that in every request method:
//check the structure of the url
$struct = self::checkStructure($route, $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']);
//if the requested url matches the one from the route
//get the url params and run the callback passing the params
if($struct){
$params = self::getParams($route, $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']);
$function->__invoke($params);
//prevent checking all other routes
die();
}
//check the structure of the url
$struct = self::checkStructure($route, $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']);
//if the requested url matches the one from the route
//get the url params and run the callback passing the params
if($struct){
$params = self::getParams($route, $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']);
$function->__invoke($params);
//prevent checking all other routes
die();
}
into a function and use that in every request method.
/users/:username
/users/:username/photos
/users/:username/photos/:photoId
/users/:username/photos/:photoId?showComments=false
/users/:username
/users/:username/photos
/users/:username/photos/:photoId
/users/:username/photos/:photoId?showComments=false
/users/jake1990
/users/jake1990/photos
/users/jake1990/photos/931280134
/users/jake1990/photos/931280134?showComments=false
/users/jake1990
/users/jake1990/photos
/users/jake1990/photos/931280134
/users/jake1990/photos/931280134?showComments=false
Array -> [params => [username => jake1990], query: []];
Array -> [params => [username => jake1990], query: []];
Array -> [params => [username => jake1990, photoId => 931280134], query: []];
Array -> [params => [username => jake1990, photoId => 931280134], query: [showComments => false]];
Array -> [params => [username => jake1990], query: []];
Array -> [params => [username => jake1990], query: []];
Array -> [params => [username => jake1990, photoId => 931280134], query: []];
Array -> [params => [username => jake1990, photoId => 931280134], query: [showComments => false]];
1) I just coded the GET method in the Route class but implementing the other ones (POST, PUT, DELETE) should be easy.
2) I don't know if the code from the routing covers all the cases but I'm trying to achieve that, so if there is a case where it doesn't work and it should, please point it out.
3) If there's any bad practice or antipattern in my code, please tell because I'm striving to follow the best practices to make the code flexible and easy to mantain.
4) It's the first time I do MVC so it's probably full of errors or unnecessary stuff.
Thanks in advance, if there's any question about the code just ask!
- I just coded the
GET method in the Route class but implementing the other ones (POST, PUT, DELETE) should be easy.
- I don't know if the code from the routing covers all the cases but I'm trying to achieve that, so if there is a case where it doesn't work and it should, please point it out.
- If there's any bad practice or antipattern in my code, please tell because I'm striving to follow the best practices to make the code flexible and easy to maintain.
- It's the first time I do MVC so it's probably full of errors or unnecessary stuff.
