{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T17:51:06Z","timestamp":1765993866712,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"University of Toronto Press Inc. (UTPress)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cartographica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Map generalization is a complex task that sometimes requires human intervention. In order to support such a process on the fly, we propose a generalization approach based on self-generalizing objects (SGOs) that encapsulate geometric patterns (forms common to several cartographic features), generalization algorithms, and spatial integrity constraints. During a database enrichment process, an SGO is created and associated with a cartographic feature or a group of features. Each SGO created is then transformed into a software agent (SGO agent) in a multi-agent on-the-fly map-generalization system. SGO agents are equipped with behaviours that enable them to coordinate the generalization process. This article presents the concept of the SGO and two prototypes developed to support this approach: a prototype for the creation of SGOs and another for the on-the-fly map generalization (which uses the created SGOs). <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3138\/carto.43.3.155","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,10]],"date-time":"2008-10-10T02:01:47Z","timestamp":1223604107000},"page":"155-173","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Toward Self-Generalizing Objects and On-the-Fly Map Generalization"],"prefix":"10.3138","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Mamane Nouri","family":"Sabo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research in Geomatics \/ Universit\u00e9 Laval \/ Qu\u00e9bec \/ QC \/ Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yvan","family":"B\u00e9dard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research in Geomatics \/ Universit\u00e9 Laval \/ Qu\u00e9bec \/ QC \/ Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"Moulin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research in Geomatics \/ Universit\u00e9 Laval \/ Qu\u00e9bec \/ QC \/ Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eveline","family":"Bernier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research in Geomatics \/ Universit\u00e9 Laval \/ Qu\u00e9bec \/ QC \/ Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1696","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1080\/13658810500161211","volume":"19","author":"Allouche MK","year":"2005","journal-title":"International Journal of Geographical Information Science"},{"key":"B2","first-page":"86","volume-title":"Map Generalization: Making Rules for Knowledge Representation","author":"Armstrong MP","year":"1991"},{"key":"B3","first-page":"163","volume-title":"In 3\u00e8mes Journ\u00e9es Francophones sur l\u2019Intelligence Artificielle Distribu\u00e9e et les Syst\u00e8mes Multi-agents, AFCET&AFIA","author":"Baeijs C","year":"1995"},{"key":"B4","first-page":"121","volume-title":"Map Generalization: Making Rules for Knowledge Representation","author":"Beard KM","year":"1991"},{"key":"B5","first-page":"149","volume-title":"G\u00e9n\u00e9ralisation et repr\u00e9sentation multiple","author":"B\u00e9dard Y","year":"2002"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-008045374-3\/50011-9","volume-title":"Generalization of Geographic Information: Cartographic Modelling and Application","author":"Bernier E","year":"2007"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1012745819426","volume":"5","author":"Bertolotto M","year":"2001","journal-title":"Geoinformatica"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-45799-2_4","volume":"2478","author":"Buttenfield BP","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science"},{"key":"B9","first-page":"1","volume-title":"In Proceedings of Symposium on Geospatial Theory, Processing and Applications, July 8\u201311","author":"Cecconi A","year":"2002"},{"key":"B10","unstructured":"Codehaus Foundation (2006).GeoTools: The Open-Source Java GIS Toolkit.Available at http:\/\/geotools.codehaus.org\/Home"},{"key":"B11","first-page":"55","volume-title":"G\u00e9n\u00e9ralisation et repr\u00e9sentation multiple","author":"Devogele T","year":"2002"},{"key":"B12","first-page":"249","volume":"6","author":"Devogele T","year":"1996","journal-title":"Revue Internationale de G\u00e9omatique"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.3138\/FM57-6770-U75U-7727","volume":"10","author":"Douglas DH","year":"1973","journal-title":"The Canadian Cartographer"},{"key":"B14","unstructured":"Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents [FIPA] (2006).FIPA home page. 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