| Guido van Rossum | c636014 | 1990-10-13 19:23:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 1 | # module 'string' -- A collection of string operations | 
 | 2 |  | 
| Guido van Rossum | e7113b6 | 1993-03-29 11:30:50 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 3 | # Warning: most of the code you see here isn't normally used nowadays. | 
 | 4 | # At the end of this file most functions are replaced by built-in | 
 | 5 | # functions imported from built-in module "strop". | 
| Guido van Rossum | c636014 | 1990-10-13 19:23:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 6 |  | 
 | 7 | # Some strings for ctype-style character classification | 
| Guido van Rossum | 8e2ec56 | 1993-07-29 09:37:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 8 | whitespace = ' \t\n\r\v\f' | 
| Guido van Rossum | c636014 | 1990-10-13 19:23:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 9 | lowercase = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz' | 
 | 10 | uppercase = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ' | 
 | 11 | letters = lowercase + uppercase | 
 | 12 | digits = '0123456789' | 
 | 13 | hexdigits = digits + 'abcdef' + 'ABCDEF' | 
 | 14 | octdigits = '01234567' | 
 | 15 |  | 
 | 16 | # Case conversion helpers | 
| Guido van Rossum | a61ff7b | 1992-01-14 18:31:29 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 17 | _idmap = '' | 
 | 18 | for i in range(256): _idmap = _idmap + chr(i) | 
 | 19 | _lower = _idmap[:ord('A')] + lowercase + _idmap[ord('Z')+1:] | 
 | 20 | _upper = _idmap[:ord('a')] + uppercase + _idmap[ord('z')+1:] | 
 | 21 | _swapcase = _upper[:ord('A')] + lowercase + _upper[ord('Z')+1:] | 
| Guido van Rossum | c636014 | 1990-10-13 19:23:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 22 | del i | 
 | 23 |  | 
| Guido van Rossum | 710c352 | 1994-08-17 13:16:11 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 24 | # Backward compatible names for exceptions | 
 | 25 | index_error = ValueError | 
 | 26 | atoi_error = ValueError | 
 | 27 | atof_error = ValueError | 
 | 28 | atol_error = ValueError | 
 | 29 |  | 
| Guido van Rossum | c636014 | 1990-10-13 19:23:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 30 | # convert UPPER CASE letters to lower case | 
 | 31 | def lower(s): | 
 | 32 | 	res = '' | 
 | 33 | 	for c in s: | 
| Guido van Rossum | a61ff7b | 1992-01-14 18:31:29 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 34 | 		res = res + _lower[ord(c)] | 
| Guido van Rossum | c636014 | 1990-10-13 19:23:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 35 | 	return res | 
 | 36 |  | 
 | 37 | # Convert lower case letters to UPPER CASE | 
 | 38 | def upper(s): | 
 | 39 | 	res = '' | 
 | 40 | 	for c in s: | 
| Guido van Rossum | a61ff7b | 1992-01-14 18:31:29 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 41 | 		res = res + _upper[ord(c)] | 
| Guido van Rossum | c636014 | 1990-10-13 19:23:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 42 | 	return res | 
 | 43 |  | 
 | 44 | # Swap lower case letters and UPPER CASE | 
 | 45 | def swapcase(s): | 
 | 46 | 	res = '' | 
 | 47 | 	for c in s: | 
| Guido van Rossum | a61ff7b | 1992-01-14 18:31:29 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 48 | 		res = res + _swapcase[ord(c)] | 
| Guido van Rossum | c636014 | 1990-10-13 19:23:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 49 | 	return res | 
 | 50 |  | 
 | 51 | # Strip leading and trailing tabs and spaces | 
 | 52 | def strip(s): | 
 | 53 | 	i, j = 0, len(s) | 
 | 54 | 	while i < j and s[i] in whitespace: i = i+1 | 
 | 55 | 	while i < j and s[j-1] in whitespace: j = j-1 | 
 | 56 | 	return s[i:j] | 
 | 57 |  | 
 | 58 | # Split a string into a list of space/tab-separated words | 
 | 59 | # NB: split(s) is NOT the same as splitfields(s, ' ')! | 
 | 60 | def split(s): | 
 | 61 | 	res = [] | 
 | 62 | 	i, n = 0, len(s) | 
 | 63 | 	while i < n: | 
 | 64 | 		while i < n and s[i] in whitespace: i = i+1 | 
| Guido van Rossum | bdfcfcc | 1992-01-01 19:35:13 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 65 | 		if i == n: break | 
| Guido van Rossum | c636014 | 1990-10-13 19:23:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 66 | 		j = i | 
 | 67 | 		while j < n and s[j] not in whitespace: j = j+1 | 
 | 68 | 		res.append(s[i:j]) | 
 | 69 | 		i = j | 
 | 70 | 	return res | 
 | 71 |  | 
 | 72 | # Split a list into fields separated by a given string | 
 | 73 | # NB: splitfields(s, ' ') is NOT the same as split(s)! | 
| Guido van Rossum | 7a461e5 | 1992-09-20 21:41:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 74 | # splitfields(s, '') returns [s] (in analogy with split() in nawk) | 
| Guido van Rossum | c636014 | 1990-10-13 19:23:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 75 | def splitfields(s, sep): | 
 | 76 | 	res = [] | 
| Guido van Rossum | c636014 | 1990-10-13 19:23:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 77 | 	nsep = len(sep) | 
| Guido van Rossum | ae507a4 | 1992-08-19 16:49:58 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 78 | 	if nsep == 0: | 
| Guido van Rossum | 7a461e5 | 1992-09-20 21:41:09 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 79 | 		return [s] | 
| Guido van Rossum | ae507a4 | 1992-08-19 16:49:58 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 80 | 	ns = len(s) | 
| Guido van Rossum | c636014 | 1990-10-13 19:23:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 81 | 	i = j = 0 | 
 | 82 | 	while j+nsep <= ns: | 
| Guido van Rossum | bdfcfcc | 1992-01-01 19:35:13 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 83 | 		if s[j:j+nsep] == sep: | 
| Guido van Rossum | c636014 | 1990-10-13 19:23:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 84 | 			res.append(s[i:j]) | 
 | 85 | 			i = j = j + nsep | 
 | 86 | 		else: | 
 | 87 | 			j = j + 1 | 
 | 88 | 	res.append(s[i:]) | 
 | 89 | 	return res | 
 | 90 |  | 
| Guido van Rossum | fac38b7 | 1991-04-07 13:42:19 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 91 | # Join words with spaces between them | 
 | 92 | def join(words): | 
| Guido van Rossum | 18fc569 | 1992-11-26 09:17:19 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 93 | 	return joinfields(words, ' ') | 
| Guido van Rossum | fac38b7 | 1991-04-07 13:42:19 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 94 |  | 
 | 95 | # Join fields with separator | 
 | 96 | def joinfields(words, sep): | 
 | 97 | 	res = '' | 
 | 98 | 	for w in words: | 
 | 99 | 		res = res + (sep + w) | 
 | 100 | 	return res[len(sep):] | 
 | 101 |  | 
| Guido van Rossum | d316607 | 1993-05-24 14:16:22 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 102 | # Find substring, raise exception if not found | 
| Guido van Rossum | b6775db | 1994-08-01 11:34:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 103 | def index(s, sub, i = 0): | 
| Guido van Rossum | 710c352 | 1994-08-17 13:16:11 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 104 | 	res = find(s, sub, i) | 
 | 105 | 	if res < 0: | 
 | 106 | 		raise ValueError, 'substring not found in string.index' | 
 | 107 | 	return res | 
| Guido van Rossum | d316607 | 1993-05-24 14:16:22 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 108 |  | 
| Guido van Rossum | e65cce5 | 1993-11-08 15:05:21 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 109 | # Find last substring, raise exception if not found | 
| Guido van Rossum | b6775db | 1994-08-01 11:34:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 110 | def rindex(s, sub, i = 0): | 
| Guido van Rossum | 710c352 | 1994-08-17 13:16:11 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 111 | 	res = rfind(s, sub, i) | 
 | 112 | 	if res < 0: | 
 | 113 | 		raise ValueError, 'substring not found in string.index' | 
 | 114 | 	return res | 
| Guido van Rossum | b6775db | 1994-08-01 11:34:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 115 |  | 
 | 116 | # Count non-overlapping occurrences of substring | 
 | 117 | def count(s, sub, i = 0): | 
| Guido van Rossum | 8c1688e | 1995-03-14 17:43:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 118 | 	if i < 0: i = max(0, i + len(s)) | 
| Guido van Rossum | b6775db | 1994-08-01 11:34:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 119 | 	n = len(sub) | 
 | 120 | 	m = len(s) + 1 - n | 
 | 121 | 	if n == 0: return m-i | 
 | 122 | 	r = 0 | 
 | 123 | 	while i < m: | 
 | 124 | 		if sub == s[i:i+n]: | 
 | 125 | 			r = r+1 | 
 | 126 | 			i = i+n | 
 | 127 | 		else: | 
 | 128 | 			i = i+1 | 
| Guido van Rossum | e65cce5 | 1993-11-08 15:05:21 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 129 | 	return r | 
 | 130 |  | 
| Guido van Rossum | d316607 | 1993-05-24 14:16:22 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 131 | # Find substring, return -1 if not found | 
| Guido van Rossum | b6775db | 1994-08-01 11:34:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 132 | def find(s, sub, i = 0): | 
| Guido van Rossum | 8c1688e | 1995-03-14 17:43:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 133 | 	if i < 0: i = max(0, i + len(s)) | 
| Guido van Rossum | 710c352 | 1994-08-17 13:16:11 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 134 | 	n = len(sub) | 
 | 135 | 	m = len(s) + 1 - n | 
 | 136 | 	while i < m: | 
 | 137 | 		if sub == s[i:i+n]: return i | 
 | 138 | 		i = i+1 | 
 | 139 | 	return -1 | 
| Guido van Rossum | c636014 | 1990-10-13 19:23:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 140 |  | 
| Guido van Rossum | e65cce5 | 1993-11-08 15:05:21 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 141 | # Find last substring, return -1 if not found | 
| Guido van Rossum | b6775db | 1994-08-01 11:34:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 142 | def rfind(s, sub, i = 0): | 
| Guido van Rossum | 8c1688e | 1995-03-14 17:43:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 143 | 	if i < 0: i = max(0, i + len(s)) | 
| Guido van Rossum | 710c352 | 1994-08-17 13:16:11 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 144 | 	n = len(sub) | 
 | 145 | 	m = len(s) + 1 - n | 
 | 146 | 	r = -1 | 
 | 147 | 	while i < m: | 
 | 148 | 		if sub == s[i:i+n]: r = i | 
 | 149 | 		i = i+1 | 
 | 150 | 	return r | 
| Guido van Rossum | e65cce5 | 1993-11-08 15:05:21 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 151 |  | 
| Guido van Rossum | e61fa0a | 1993-10-22 13:56:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 152 | # Convert string to float | 
| Guido van Rossum | e61fa0a | 1993-10-22 13:56:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 153 | def atof(str): | 
 | 154 | 	import regex | 
 | 155 | 	sign = '' | 
 | 156 | 	s = str | 
 | 157 | 	if s and s[0] in '+-': | 
 | 158 | 		sign = s[0] | 
 | 159 | 		s = s[1:] | 
| Guido van Rossum | 710c352 | 1994-08-17 13:16:11 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 160 | 	if not s: | 
 | 161 | 		raise ValueError, 'non-float argument to string.atof' | 
| Guido van Rossum | e61fa0a | 1993-10-22 13:56:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 162 | 	while s[0] == '0' and len(s) > 1 and s[1] in digits: s = s[1:] | 
 | 163 | 	if regex.match('[0-9]*\(\.[0-9]*\)?\([eE][-+]?[0-9]+\)?', s) != len(s): | 
| Guido van Rossum | 710c352 | 1994-08-17 13:16:11 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 164 | 		raise ValueError, 'non-float argument to string.atof' | 
| Guido van Rossum | e61fa0a | 1993-10-22 13:56:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 165 | 	try: | 
| Guido van Rossum | b6775db | 1994-08-01 11:34:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 166 | 		return float(eval(sign + s)) | 
| Guido van Rossum | e61fa0a | 1993-10-22 13:56:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 167 | 	except SyntaxError: | 
| Guido van Rossum | 710c352 | 1994-08-17 13:16:11 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 168 | 		raise ValueError, 'non-float argument to string.atof' | 
| Guido van Rossum | e61fa0a | 1993-10-22 13:56:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 169 |  | 
| Guido van Rossum | c636014 | 1990-10-13 19:23:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 170 | # Convert string to integer | 
| Guido van Rossum | 8c1688e | 1995-03-14 17:43:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 171 | def atoi(str, base=10): | 
 | 172 | 	if base != 10: | 
 | 173 | 		# We only get here if strop doesn't define atoi() | 
 | 174 | 		raise ValueError, "this string.atoi doesn't support base != 10" | 
| Guido van Rossum | 2d4aa4f | 1992-08-06 22:33:41 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 175 | 	sign = '' | 
| Guido van Rossum | c636014 | 1990-10-13 19:23:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 176 | 	s = str | 
| Guido van Rossum | c629d34 | 1992-11-05 10:43:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 177 | 	if s and s[0] in '+-': | 
| Guido van Rossum | 2d4aa4f | 1992-08-06 22:33:41 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 178 | 		sign = s[0] | 
 | 179 | 		s = s[1:] | 
| Guido van Rossum | 710c352 | 1994-08-17 13:16:11 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 180 | 	if not s: | 
 | 181 | 		raise ValueError, 'non-integer argument to string.atoi' | 
| Guido van Rossum | 2d4aa4f | 1992-08-06 22:33:41 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 182 | 	while s[0] == '0' and len(s) > 1: s = s[1:] | 
| Guido van Rossum | c636014 | 1990-10-13 19:23:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 183 | 	for c in s: | 
| Guido van Rossum | 710c352 | 1994-08-17 13:16:11 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 184 | 		if c not in digits: | 
 | 185 | 			raise ValueError, 'non-integer argument to string.atoi' | 
| Guido van Rossum | 2d4aa4f | 1992-08-06 22:33:41 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 186 | 	return eval(sign + s) | 
| Guido van Rossum | c636014 | 1990-10-13 19:23:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 187 |  | 
| Guido van Rossum | e61fa0a | 1993-10-22 13:56:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 188 | # Convert string to long integer | 
| Guido van Rossum | 8c1688e | 1995-03-14 17:43:02 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 189 | def atol(str, base=10): | 
 | 190 | 	if base != 10: | 
 | 191 | 		# We only get here if strop doesn't define atol() | 
 | 192 | 		raise ValueError, "this string.atol doesn't support base != 10" | 
| Guido van Rossum | e61fa0a | 1993-10-22 13:56:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 193 | 	sign = '' | 
 | 194 | 	s = str | 
 | 195 | 	if s and s[0] in '+-': | 
 | 196 | 		sign = s[0] | 
 | 197 | 		s = s[1:] | 
| Guido van Rossum | 710c352 | 1994-08-17 13:16:11 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 198 | 	if not s: | 
 | 199 | 		raise ValueError, 'non-integer argument to string.atol' | 
| Guido van Rossum | e61fa0a | 1993-10-22 13:56:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 200 | 	while s[0] == '0' and len(s) > 1: s = s[1:] | 
 | 201 | 	for c in s: | 
| Guido van Rossum | 710c352 | 1994-08-17 13:16:11 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 202 | 		if c not in digits: | 
 | 203 | 			raise ValueError, 'non-integer argument to string.atol' | 
| Guido van Rossum | e61fa0a | 1993-10-22 13:56:35 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 204 | 	return eval(sign + s + 'L') | 
 | 205 |  | 
| Guido van Rossum | c636014 | 1990-10-13 19:23:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 206 | # Left-justify a string | 
 | 207 | def ljust(s, width): | 
| Guido van Rossum | fac38b7 | 1991-04-07 13:42:19 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 208 | 	n = width - len(s) | 
 | 209 | 	if n <= 0: return s | 
 | 210 | 	return s + ' '*n | 
| Guido van Rossum | c636014 | 1990-10-13 19:23:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 211 |  | 
 | 212 | # Right-justify a string | 
 | 213 | def rjust(s, width): | 
| Guido van Rossum | fac38b7 | 1991-04-07 13:42:19 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 214 | 	n = width - len(s) | 
 | 215 | 	if n <= 0: return s | 
 | 216 | 	return ' '*n + s | 
| Guido van Rossum | c636014 | 1990-10-13 19:23:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 217 |  | 
 | 218 | # Center a string | 
 | 219 | def center(s, width): | 
| Guido van Rossum | fac38b7 | 1991-04-07 13:42:19 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 220 | 	n = width - len(s) | 
 | 221 | 	if n <= 0: return s | 
 | 222 | 	half = n/2 | 
 | 223 | 	if n%2 and width%2: | 
 | 224 | 		# This ensures that center(center(s, i), j) = center(s, j) | 
 | 225 | 		half = half+1 | 
 | 226 | 	return ' '*half +  s + ' '*(n-half) | 
| Guido van Rossum | c636014 | 1990-10-13 19:23:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 227 |  | 
 | 228 | # Zero-fill a number, e.g., (12, 3) --> '012' and (-3, 3) --> '-03' | 
 | 229 | # Decadent feature: the argument may be a string or a number | 
 | 230 | # (Use of this is deprecated; it should be a string as with ljust c.s.) | 
 | 231 | def zfill(x, width): | 
| Guido van Rossum | bdfcfcc | 1992-01-01 19:35:13 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 232 | 	if type(x) == type(''): s = x | 
| Guido van Rossum | c636014 | 1990-10-13 19:23:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 233 | 	else: s = `x` | 
 | 234 | 	n = len(s) | 
 | 235 | 	if n >= width: return s | 
 | 236 | 	sign = '' | 
| Guido van Rossum | 333c2e0 | 1991-08-16 13:29:03 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 237 | 	if s[0] in ('-', '+'): | 
 | 238 | 		sign, s = s[0], s[1:] | 
| Guido van Rossum | c636014 | 1990-10-13 19:23:40 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 239 | 	return sign + '0'*(width-n) + s | 
| Guido van Rossum | 6ff2e90 | 1992-03-27 15:13:31 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 240 |  | 
 | 241 | # Expand tabs in a string. | 
 | 242 | # Doesn't take non-printing chars into account, but does understand \n. | 
 | 243 | def expandtabs(s, tabsize): | 
 | 244 | 	res = line = '' | 
 | 245 | 	for c in s: | 
 | 246 | 		if c == '\t': | 
 | 247 | 			c = ' '*(tabsize - len(line)%tabsize) | 
 | 248 | 		line = line + c | 
 | 249 | 		if c == '\n': | 
 | 250 | 			res = res + line | 
 | 251 | 			line = '' | 
 | 252 | 	return res + line | 
| Guido van Rossum | 2db9135 | 1992-10-18 17:09:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 253 |  | 
 | 254 |  | 
 | 255 | # Try importing optional built-in module "strop" -- if it exists, | 
 | 256 | # it redefines some string operations that are 100-1000 times faster. | 
| Guido van Rossum | 8e2ec56 | 1993-07-29 09:37:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 257 | # It also defines values for whitespace, lowercase and uppercase | 
 | 258 | # that match <ctype.h>'s definitions. | 
| Guido van Rossum | 2db9135 | 1992-10-18 17:09:59 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 259 |  | 
 | 260 | try: | 
 | 261 | 	from strop import * | 
| Guido van Rossum | 8e2ec56 | 1993-07-29 09:37:38 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 262 | 	letters = lowercase + uppercase | 
| Guido van Rossum | b6775db | 1994-08-01 11:34:53 +0000 | [diff] [blame] | 263 | except ImportError: | 
 | 264 | 	pass # Use the original, slow versions |