The patients included in our study were aged over 15 years, had no impacted permanent teeth, they were of either gender, emergency patients requiring early stabilization of fracture segments, contagious patients (MRSA positive patients, viral hepatitis), patients with compromised dentition (major tooth loss, amelogenesis imperfecta,
dentinogenesis imperfecta), patients with simple, stable and nondisplaced fracture patterns.
Amelogenesis imperfecta,
dentinogenesis imperfecta and dentin dysplasia revisited: problems in classification.
Another rare but serious teeth condition is
dentinogenesis imperfecta, which is a congenital tooth development disorder in which the teeth are discolored from blue-grey to brownish color, effecting the dentin.
The most typical symptoms of the disease include increased bone fragility, excessive skin and joint laxity,
dentinogenesis (abnormal tooth development accompanied by increased susceptibility to caries), as well as blue sclerae [1].
According to these two studies 11, 12, the quality of the dentin bridge observed for the teeth that underwent direct pulp capping with Biodentine and MTA was due to the superior efficiency of silicate of calcium products (MTA and Biodentine) through the recruitment of stem cells of the pulp; these cells regulate the expression of the transcription factors as Runx2, which were involved in the process of molecular
dentinogenesis. The stimulation of cell proliferation and differentiation can be linked to calcium silicate itself, which is one of the main components of the MTA and BiodentineA.
Other alterations related to odontogenesis (amelogenesis imperfecta and
dentinogenesis imperfecta) were also considered exclusion criteria.
Interestingly, we detected DSP located in the OLC nuclear compartment at early differentiation periods and in both fresh and cryopreserved EXP-21 cells, indicating a regulatory function during
dentinogenesis. The cytoplasmic localization of DSP in differentiating OLC-14 and the extracellular staining in OLC-21 suggest active secretion during differentiation to promote the initial mineralization, connecting calcium ions to collagen fibers as is normal in dentin formation.
It initiates the formation of dentin by reparative
dentinogenesis through a series of processes that begin with the differentiation of dental pulp stem cells into odontoblastlike cells.
DPSCs are multipotent and can be induced to differentiate into cells for osteogenesis [52], chondrogenesis [53], adipogenesis [53], neurogenesis [54],
dentinogenesis [53], odontogenesis [55], and myogenic lineages [56] (Figure 1).
Anomalies such as dens invaginatus (0.03%),
dentinogenesis imperfecta (0.02%) and dilaceration (0.02%) were encountered more rarely.