The starting point for this could be a simple loop:
while IFS= read -r item
do
[ -f "$item" ] && printf '%s\n' "$item"
done <file.txt
This could be crashed onto a single line at the expense of readability:
while IFS= read -r item; do [ -f "$item" ] && printf '%s\n' "$item"; done <file.txt
Or you could use Perl:
perl -lne 'print if -f' file.txt