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I have the following xml file:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout android:enabled="false" android:orientation="horizontal" android:id="@id/action_container"
          android:background="@null" android:paddingLeft="4.0dip" android:layout_width="0.0dip"
          android:layout_height="48.0dip" android:layout_weight="1.0"
          style="@style/Widget.Compat.NotificationActionContainer"
          xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<ImageView android:enabled="false" android:layout_gravity="start|center" android:id="@id/action_image"
           android:layout_width="@dimen/notification_action_icon_size"
           android:layout_height="@dimen/notification_action_icon_size" android:scaleType="centerInside"
           android:alpha="0.5"/>
<TextView android:enabled="false" android:textColor="#ffcccccc" 
          android:ellipsize="end"
          android:layout_gravity="start|center" 
          android:id="@id/action_text" android:paddingLeft="4.0dip"
          android:clickable="false" android:layout_width="wrap_content" 
          android:layout_height="wrap_content"
          android:singleLine="true" android:alpha="0.5" 
          style="@style/Widget.Compat.NotificationActionText"/>
</LinearLayout>

I'm trying to remove the extra spaces and line breaks.

This is the result i need:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout android:enabled="false" android:orientation="horizontal" android:id="@id/action_container" android:background="@null" android:paddingLeft="4.0dip" android:layout_width="0.0dip" android:layout_height="48.0dip" android:layout_weight="1.0" style="@style/Widget.Compat.NotificationActionContainer" xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<ImageView android:enabled="false" android:layout_gravity="start|center" android:id="@id/action_image" android:layout_width="@dimen/notification_action_icon_size" android:layout_height="@dimen/notification_action_icon_size" android:scaleType="centerInside" android:alpha="0.5"/>
<TextView android:enabled="false" android:textColor="#ffcccccc" android:ellipsize="end" android:layout_gravity="start|center" android:id="@id/action_text" android:paddingLeft="4.0dip" android:clickable="false" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:singleLine="true" android:alpha="0.5" style="@style/Widget.Compat.NotificationActionText"/>
</LinearLayout>

I tried using this command

sed -i '' 's/^[ \t]*//;s/[ \t]*$//' file.xml

It removed some spaces, but didn't remove the line breaks.

Eventually i want to be able to change for example the ImageView's width (android:layout_width) to 5dip by knowing only its id(@id/action_image).

i want to be able to get an xml element by it's id and change the value of it's other parameters

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  • 2
    Why would you need to do this? Any XML parse would treat the two variations of the data as identical. Commented Feb 17, 2019 at 19:13

5 Answers 5

Reset to default
3

Using xmlstarlet and its fo command:

$ xmlstarlet fo file.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:enabled="false" android:orientation="horizontal" android:id="@id/action_container" android:background="@null" android:paddingLeft="4.0dip" android:layout_width="0.0dip" android:layout_height="48.0dip" android:layout_weight="1.0" style="@style/Widget.Compat.NotificationActionContainer">
  <ImageView android:enabled="false" android:layout_gravity="start|center" android:id="@id/action_image" android:layout_width="@dimen/notification_action_icon_size" android:layout_height="@dimen/notification_action_icon_size" android:scaleType="centerInside" android:alpha="0.5"/>
  <TextView android:enabled="false" android:textColor="#ffcccccc" android:ellipsize="end" android:layout_gravity="start|center" android:id="@id/action_text" android:paddingLeft="4.0dip" android:clickable="false" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:singleLine="true" android:alpha="0.5" style="@style/Widget.Compat.NotificationActionText"/>
</LinearLayout>

Use xmlstarlet fo -n to omit the indentation completely.

To modify the android:layout_width attribute of the ImageView node whose android:id attribute is @id/action_image, you definitely do not need to reformat the XML document:

$ xmlstarlet ed -u '//ImageView[@android:id="@id/action_image"]/@android:layout_width' -v "5dip" file.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:enabled="false" android:orientation="horizontal" android:id="@id/action_container" android:background="@null" android:paddingLeft="4.0dip" android:layout_width="0.0dip" android:layout_height="48.0dip" android:layout_weight="1.0" style="@style/Widget.Compat.NotificationActionContainer">
  <ImageView android:enabled="false" android:layout_gravity="start|center" android:id="@id/action_image" android:layout_width="5dip" android:layout_height="@dimen/notification_action_icon_size" android:scaleType="centerInside" android:alpha="0.5"/>
  <TextView android:enabled="false" android:textColor="#ffcccccc" android:ellipsize="end" android:layout_gravity="start|center" android:id="@id/action_text" android:paddingLeft="4.0dip" android:clickable="false" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:singleLine="true" android:alpha="0.5" style="@style/Widget.Compat.NotificationActionText"/>
</LinearLayout>

Here we use xmlstarlet to edit the correct attribute of the node we're after. The attribute is selected using the XPath expression 

//ImageView[@android:id="@id/action_image"]/@android:layout_width

The //ImageView in the XPath expression will look for ImageView nodes anywhere within the document. To restrict it to only child nodes of the top-level LinearLayout node, use /LinearLayout/ImageView instead.

The -v "5dip" in the command gives the attribute the new value.

Strictly speaking, the question says

i want to be able to get an xml element by it's id [...]

i.e., without knowing the node's name. To do that, just change ImageView in the XPath expression to *. That way you'll update all nodes whose android:id matches the given string.

Related:

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0

Using awk to change the separators and truncate 2 or more whitespaces to one:

$ awk -v RS="<" -v FS="\n" -v ORS="\n" -v OFS=" " '$0 {$1="<"$1; gsub(/  +/," ",$0); print}' input.xml
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The awk solution which includes a change of layout_width to 5dip:

awk -v RS='> *\n *' -v ORS='>\n' '/id="@id\/action_image"/{gsub("layout_width=[^ ]*","layout_width=\"5dip\"")}NF=NF' file

It works in this particular case, but in general these standard linux tools are not suited for processing xml files.

Output:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout android:enabled="false" android:orientation="horizontal" android:id="@id/action_container" android:background="@null" android:paddingLeft="4.0dip" android:layout_width="0.0dip" android:layout_height="48.0dip" android:layout_weight="1.0" style="@style/Widget.Compat.NotificationActionContainer" xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<ImageView android:enabled="false" android:layout_gravity="start|center" android:id="@id/action_image" android:layout_width="5dip" android:layout_height="@dimen/notification_action_icon_size" android:scaleType="centerInside" android:alpha="0.5"/>
<TextView android:enabled="false" android:textColor="#ffcccccc" android:ellipsize="end" android:layout_gravity="start|center" android:id="@id/action_text" android:paddingLeft="4.0dip" android:clickable="false" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:singleLine="true" android:alpha="0.5" style="@style/Widget.Compat.NotificationActionText"/>
</LinearLayout>
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0

One quick hack for this limited html code is the following:

$ perl -F'(?m:^<|>$)' -0777 -ane '
   pop @F;
   print $_, qw[< >][$|--] for map { s/\n\h+/ /gr } @F;
   print "\n";
 ' input.html

Output:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout android:enabled="false" android:orientation="horizontal" android:id="@id/action_container" android:background="@null" android:paddingLeft="4.0dip" android:layout_width="0.0dip" android:layout_height="48.0dip" android:layout_weight="1.0" style="@style/Widget.Compat.NotificationActionContainer" xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<ImageView android:enabled="false" android:layout_gravity="start|center" android:id="@id/action_image" android:layout_width="@dimen/notification_action_icon_size" android:layout_height="@dimen/notification_action_icon_size" android:scaleType="centerInside" android:alpha="0.5"/>
<TextView android:enabled="false" android:textColor="#ffcccccc" android:ellipsize="end" android:layout_gravity="start|center" android:id="@id/action_text" android:paddingLeft="4.0dip" android:clickable="false" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:singleLine="true" android:alpha="0.5" style="@style/Widget.Compat.NotificationActionText"/>
</LinearLayout>

using the sed editor also we can perform the same:

$ sed -e '
   /^<.*>$/b
   /^</,/\/\{0,1\}>$/!b
   H;/^</h;/\/\{0,1\}>$/!d;g
   s/[[:blank:]]*\n[[:blank:]]*/ /g
 ' input.html
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-1

You can try with below command to remove extra spaces and blanklines

sed -r "s/+//g" filename|sed '/^$/d'

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  • Did you try this command? Commented Feb 17, 2019 at 23:26

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