This is what I ended up doing: use GNU sed to duplicate the last path element at the beginning, sort the lines, then strip it back off:
... | sed -re "s/^(.*)(\/.+)$/\2\t\1\2/p" | sort | sed -re "s/^.*\t(.*)$/\1/"
If you happen to be on OSX you'll need gsed (e.g., via brew install gsed) in place of sed.
That last part could also be, if you prefer:
... | grep -Po "(?<=\t).*$"