The log messages indicate the system is looking for Intel BlueTooth (ibt) firmware file, first at /lib/firmware/intel/ibt-hw-37.7.10-fw-1.80.2.3.d.bseq, then at /lib/firmware/intel/ibt-hw-37.7.bseq, but not finding either version of the firmware file.
Go to the intel sub-directory of linux-firmware git tree, find the correct firmware files in there, and click on "plain" at the end of the line with the filename to download it. Then place the files into your /lib/firmware/intel directory, and reboot (or unload & reload the appropriate kernel module). This method works for all Linux distributions and also for firmwares that have not yet been packaged by the distribution.
Alternatively, make sure you have the non-free part of the Debian package repository enabled (see this question on ServerFault for instructions if necessary), and make sure the package firmware-iwlwifi is installed. According to the package contents list, it also includes the needed firmware files. This method is specific to Debian.