I am using cksum to check my script is truly running single instance, even I change filename.

I am not using trap & lock file, because if my server suddenly down, I need to remove manually lock file after server goes up.

Note: #!/bin/bash in first line is required for grep ps

Using cksum

#!/bin/bash

checkinstance(){
   nprog=0
   mysum=$(cksum $0|awk '{print $1}')
   for i in `ps -ef |grep /bin/bash|awk '{print $2}'`;do 
        proc=$(ls -lha /proc/$i/exe 2> /dev/null|grep bash) 
        if [[ $? -eq 0 ]];then 
           cmd=$(strings /proc/$i/cmdline|grep -v bash)
                if [[ $? -eq 0 ]];then 
                   fsum=$(cksum /proc/$i/cwd/$cmd|awk '{print $1}')
                   if [[ $mysum -eq $fsum ]];then
                        nprog=$(($nprog+1))
                   fi
                fi
        fi
   done

   if [[ $nprog -gt 1 ]];then
        echo $0 is already running.
        exit
   fi
}

checkinstance 

#--- run your script bellow 

echo pass
while true;do sleep 1000;done

Or you can hardcoded cksum inside your script, so you no worry again if you want to change filename or content of your script.

Using hardcoded cksum

#!/bin/bash

mysum=1174212411

checkinstance(){
   nprog=0
   for i in `ps -ef |grep /bin/bash|awk '{print $2}'`;do 
        proc=$(ls -lha /proc/$i/exe 2> /dev/null|grep bash) 
        if [[ $? -eq 0 ]];then 
           cmd=$(strings /proc/$i/cmdline|grep -v bash)
                if [[ $? -eq 0 ]];then 
                   fsum=$(grep mysum /proc/$i/cwd/$cmd|head -1|awk -F= '{print $2}')
                   if [[ $mysum -eq $fsum ]];then
                        nprog=$(($nprog+1))
                   fi
                fi
        fi
   done

   if [[ $nprog -gt 1 ]];then
        echo $0 is already running.
        exit
   fi
}

checkinstance

#--- run your script bellow

echo pass
while true;do sleep 1000;done