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        @tim Where is that quote from?V13– V132018-10-14 00:03:54 +00:00Commented Oct 14, 2018 at 0:03
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        @Tim do you mean synchronous? (the post says synchronous)V13– V132018-10-14 00:21:17 +00:00Commented Oct 14, 2018 at 0:21
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        1Sorry. My questions are: How do you understand the quote says "synchronous writes are not buffered"? Do you mean synchronous writes by O_SYNC?Tim– Tim2018-10-14 00:25:40 +00:00Commented Oct 14, 2018 at 0:25
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        @Tim, I think it's an artifact of the overloaded term "buffered". In this case it means that there isn't an intermediate buffer that may collate multiple write()s before actually writing the data, so two write()s of 10 bytes will be twice as slow as one of 20 byes. There's still full buffering in the kernel, although since the data won't be dirty for long, they may get discarded soon if there's memory pressure.V13– V132018-10-14 00:41:36 +00:00Commented Oct 14, 2018 at 0:41
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        2@Tim O_SYNC. See also the man pageV13– V132018-10-14 00:56:42 +00:00Commented Oct 14, 2018 at 0:56
                    
                        
                    
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