It seems like you're looking for words that are between 8 and 15 chars, and replace the first 8 hex digits:
sed -E 's/\<[[:xdigit:]]{8}([[:xdigit:]]{0,7})\>/00000000\1/g' <<END
abcdef12cade 12345678 abcdefba12345678 12345 123456789
END
00000000cade 00000000 abcdefba12345678 12345 000000009
Where, \< and \> are word boundaries, and [:xdigit:] matchmatches a hex digit.