File System is a methodology for logically organizing and storing large quantities of data such that the system is easy to manage. a file system consists of files, relationships to other files, as well as the attributes(file type, file name, file size, file owner, file timestamp) of each file.
Directories: for example, the Unix file system is essentially composed of files and directories. Directories are special files that may contain other files. the top-most directory is / (slash), with the directories directly beneath being system directories.
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/ Root of Linux Filesystem
/bin Binary Executablecontains binary executable files that are kept hereused by all users on the system.
/boot Booting relatedcontains files that are kept hereused during the boot process of the system.
/dev Devicecontains files are kept herethat represent devices on the system, such as hard drives, CD-ROM drives, and network interfaces.
/etc System-widecontains configuration files are kept herefor the system and installed software
/home Location for the home directories of regular users
/lib64lib Libraries for binary executablescontains library files that are kept hereused by programs on the system
/mnt Temporarydirectory is used to mount pointfile systems temporarily, for DVD-Rom, USB flash drive.
/opt Optional Programs are installed here likecontains Program Filesopt in windowsional software that is not part of the core system.
/proc short for "process", Kernel pseudo(i.e. virtual) filesystem contains information about running processes and the system itself for example, '/proc/cpuinfo', '/proc/meminfo'.
/root Home directory of super user root
/sbin System Binary Executablecontains binary executable files that are kept hereused by the system administrator.
/tmp Temporary files are kept here
/usr User Filesystemcontains a variety of files and directories that are used by users and system administrators, such as documentation, library files, and other resources.
/var Variablecontains variable files are kept herethat change over time, such as log files and spool directories.
/srv directory is a serve folder, contains site-specifictypically used to store data whichthat is served by this system.
The following two directories are user defined directories:the system, such as web pages, email, and file transfer data.
/home/abc/xyzdir1 --is a directory
/home/abc/xyzdir2 -- is a directory