Raspbian itself contains 22,544 source packages in its main repository, with 67,417 files to download (as of 2016, Raspbian Jessie) if you want all the source code. Rebuilding all that isn't something I'd consider doing manually...
If you really want to download all the source code for Raspbian, you should start by downloading the source repository indexthe source repository index, and process that to construct the download URLs. Something like the following script should get you started:
#!/usr/bin/awk -f
/^$/ {
for (i = 0; i < nbfiles; i++) {
print "http://archive.raspbian.org/raspbian/" directory "/" files[i]
}
}
/^Files: *$/ {
infiles = 1
nbfiles = 0
next
}
infiles == 1 && /^ / {
files[nbfiles] = $3
nbfiles++
}
infiles == 1 && /^[^ ]/ {
infiles = 0
}
/^Directory: / {
directory = $2
}