deployArgs=`build | tee /dev/tty | extractDeployArgs` &&
deploy "$deployArgs" #won't run unless extractDeployArgs suceeded
tee /dev/tty will print directly to the terminal and pass the output to the next command in the pipeline at the same time.
Feel(Feel free to replace it with some other file (or /dev/fd/"$someFileDescriptor" if you need want the side output to go to $someFileDescriptor).)
In more advanced shells (ksh, bash, zsh, but not in dash) you can set -o pipefail to make sure the pipeline fails if any of its links fails (useful if extractDeployArgs can't tell from its input whether build suceeded or not).