I believe this may be caused by your async / dynamic import syntax which recently changed for vue-loader, which now uses "...ES modules internally to take advantage of webpack 3 scope hoisting." (see release notes below)
Try your import like this
Vue.component('base-select', () => import('./components/base-select.vue').then(m => m.default));
https://github.com/vuejs/vue-loader/releases/tag/v13.0.0
Edit try changing the output chunk file name to a relative path like in the following.
output: {
// The format for the outputted files
filename: '[name].js',
// Put the files in "wwwroot/js/"
path: path.resolve(__dirname, 'wwwroot/dist/')
// Set chuck file name
chunkFilename:'../../js/[name].bundle.js'
},