Comparing say python and swift, in python even simple checks are not made until runtime. I don't actually know if my program runs until every code path has been executed.
On the other hand, swift which started out notoriously bad, will nowadays only recompile changed files and will recompile methods in other files if they are affected by changes, not even complete source files. The recompilation is so fast that it happens while you type your program.
Now StroustroupBjarne Stroustrup (I think) has said that modern C++ would have been impossible in 1985 when C++ was invented because no machine from 1985 would be able to compile it in any reasonable time. We do have powerful computers, and they are used.
But the real answer to your question is: Languages like C++ are not interpreted because nobody is willing to invest the time and money to build a fast interpreter, and nobody is willing to pay enough for the ability to use one. And there is the question how fast an interpreter will run for a project with a million lines of code.